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Institution

Jewish Hospital

HealthcareCincinnati, Ohio, United States
About: Jewish Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Antigen & Population. The organization has 3881 authors who have published 3414 publications receiving 123044 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this prospective trial, low-dose amphotericin B prophylaxis was as effective as Fluconazole prophYLaxis, but Flu Conazole was significantly better tolerated and overall survival to hospital discharge.
Abstract: Systemic fungal infections are a major problem in bone marrow transplant recipients who have prolonged neutropenia or who receive high-dose corticosteroids. Prophylaxis with Fluconazole or low-dose amphotericin B reduces, but does not eliminate these infections. To determine which prophylactic agent is better, we performed a prospective randomized study. Patients undergoing allogeneic (related or unrelated) or autologous marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation were randomized to receive Fluconazole (400 mg/day p. o. or i.v.) or amphotericin B (0.2 mg/kg/day i.v.) beginning 1 day prior to stem cell transplantation and continuing until recovery of neutrophils to >500/microl. Patients were removed from their study drug for drug-associated toxicity, invasive fungal infection or suspected fungal infection (defined as the presence of fever >38 degrees C without positive culture while on broad-spectrum anti-bacterial antibiotics). Proven or suspected fungal infections were treated with high-dose amphotericin B (0.5-0.7 mg/kg/day). Patients were randomized at each institution and stratified for the type of transplant. The primary end-point of the study was prevention of documented fungal infection; secondary endpoints included fungal colonization, drug toxicity, duration of hospitalization, duration of fever, duration of neutropenia, duration and total dose of high-dose amphotericin B and overall survival to hospital discharge. From July 1992 to October 1994, a total of 355 patients entered into the trial with 159 patients randomized to amphotericin B and 196 to Fluconazole. Patient groups were comparable for diagnosis, age, sex, prior antibiotic or antifungal therapy, use of corticosteroids prior to transplantation and total duration of neutropenia. Amphotericin B was significantly more toxic than Fluconazole especially in related allogeneic transplantation where 19% of patients developed toxicity vs 0% of Fluconazole recipients (p 0.05). In this prospective trial, low-dose amphotericin B prophylaxis was as effective as Fluconazole prophylaxis, but Fluconazole was significantly better tolerated.

103 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Heritable hypofibrinolysis, mediated by 4G/4G homozygosity for the PAI-1 gene, is an independent significant, potentially reversible risk factor for pregnancy complications, probably acting through thrombotic induction of placental insufficiency.
Abstract: The specific aim of the current study of 133 women with at least 1 pregnancy and measures of hypofibrinolytic and thrombophilic gene mutations was to determine retrospectively whether the mutations were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including prematurity, miscarriage, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), eclampsia, and abruptio placentae. Four gene mutations (factor V Leiden, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR], prothrombin, and 4G/5G polymorphism of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 [PAI-1] gene) were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). One hundred twenty-two women were genotyped for all 4 genes and divided into gene mutation (n = 68) and non-gene (n = 54) groups. The gene mutation group included those with at least 1 thrombophilic mutation (heterozygous for factor V Leiden, heterozygous for prothrombin, and homozygous for MTHFR), or hypofibrinolysis with homozygosity for the 4G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene. The non-gene mutation group included those with no mutation for all 4 genes (wild-type normal) or who were wild-type normal for the prothrombin and factor V Leiden mutations and heterozygous for MTHFR and/or 4G/5G for the PAI-1 gene, neither heterozygosity associated with coagulation abnormalities. The 68 women with gene mutations, versus 54 in the non-gene mutation group, has more prematurity (10% v 4%, chi2 = 5.4, P = .021), more IUGR (3% v 0%, P = .035), and more total complications of pregnancy (37% v 21%, chi2 = 11.6, P = .001). The number of pregnancies (P = .0001) and 4G/4G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene (P = .029) were positively associated with complications of pregnancy by stepwise logistic regression when the age, number of pregnancies, and all 4 gene mutations were the explanatory variables. Heritable hypofibrinolysis, mediated by 4G/4G homozygosity for the PAI-1 gene, is an independent significant, potentially reversible risk factor for pregnancy complications, probably acting through thrombotic induction of placental insufficiency.

103 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two widely used affected-sib-pair scoring procedures are compared with a new method for their relative efficiency in detecting the presence of an HLA-linked disease susceptibility gene and the new procedure appears to outperform the Green and Woodrow method and the "all-possible-pairs" method.
Abstract: Two widely used affected-sib-pair scoring procedures (the Green and Woodrow [1977] procedure, and the method of forming all possible affected-sib-pairs) are compared with a new method for their relative efficiency in detecting the presence of an HLA-linked disease susceptibility gene. Their relative performance is investigated by extensive computer simulations over a large number of disease transmission models. On the average, the new procedure appears to outperform the Green and Woodrow method and the "all-possible-pairs" method.

102 citations


Authors

Showing all 3894 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
John C. Morris1831441168413
David L. Kaplan1771944146082
Robert H. Purcell13966670366
Nancy J. Cox135778109195
Jennifer S. Haas12884071315
David A. Cheresh12533762252
John W. Kappler12246457541
Philippa Marrack12041654345
Arthur Weiss11738045703
Thomas J. Kipps11474863240
Michael Pollak11466357793
Peter M. Henson11236954246
Roberto Bolli11152844010
William D. Foulkes10868245013
David A. Lynch10871459678
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20232
202217
202148
202038
201944
201828