Jewish Hospital

About: Jewish Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Antigen & Population. The organization has 3881 authors who have published 3414 publications receiving 123044 citations.

Antiapoptotic Effect and Inhibition of Ischemia/ Reperfusion-Induced Myocardial Injury in Metallothionein-Overexpressing Transgenic Mice

Abstract: Previous studies using a cardiac-specific metallothionein (MT)-overexpressing transgenic mouse model have demonstrated that MT inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that the MT inhibition is associated with suppression of apoptosis mediated by mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation. An open-chest coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion procedure to produce ischemia/reperfusion-induced left ventricle infarction was used in MT-overexpressing transgenic mice and non-transgenic controls. After 30 minutes of ischemia, the left ventricle was reperfused to allow blood flow through the previously occluded coronary artery bed. Myocardial infarction produced after reperfusion for 4 hours was significantly reduced in the MT transgenic mice. This inhibition correlated with the antiapoptotic effect of MT, as determined by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick-end labeling assay, mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation. Ischemia/reperfusion-induced lipid peroxidation was also significantly inhibited in the MT-transgenic heart. Dimethylsulfoxide, a chemical scavenger for reactive oxygen species, was used to confirm the antioxidant effect of MT and found to suppress myocardial infarction and lipid peroxidation just as MT did. This study thus demonstrates that MT suppresses ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial apoptosis through, at least in part, the inhibition of cytochrome c-mediated caspase-3 activation pathway. The antiapoptotic effect of MT likely results from the suppression of oxidative stress and correlates with the inhibition of myocardial infarction.

Self-reporting software for bipolar disorder: validation of ChronoRecord by patients with mania.

Abstract: With the widespread recognition of the value of active patient participation in their care, ChronoRecord software was developed to automate daily self-reporting by patients with bipolar disorder. A prior study demonstrated concurrent validity between self-ratings on ChronoRecord and clinician ratings on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), but validity with the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) could not be shown due to a lack of data when the outpatients were manic (Bauer et al., Bipolar Disorders 6, 67-74, 2004). This study expanded upon the prior validation study to include inpatients with mania. Self-reported mood ratings on ChronoRecord and clinician ratings on the YMRS were obtained on the same day from 27 inpatients (57 ratings); these data were also combined with the ratings from the 80 outpatients (total 107 patients, 340 ratings). Using Pearson correlation, the self-reported ratings on ChronoRecord were significantly correlated with the YMRS. The accuracy of ChronoRecord to discriminate hypomania and mania was high, as described by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Post-hoc analysis of the level of agreement between ChronoRecord and YMRS ratings was excellent or good in all cases using the kappa statistic. These data demonstrate concurrent validity between ChronoRecord and YMRS.

The influence of fear on the electrocardiogram.

Abstract: While investigating the effect of an anasthetic on the cardiac action, we chanced on the observation that fear of an impending operation produced remarkable changes in the electrocardiogram of many persons with normal hearts. We therefore proceeded to a systematic investigation in a larger number. Having reported some of these results (Mainzer and Krause, 1939), we are now adding further material, and trying to discuss the cardiographic and clinical significance of the findings. The circulatory response of the organism, whether normal or pathological, to various psychic stimuli is a wide field of research that has been exhaustively investigated; and the influence of a psychic emotion, such as fear, on the cardiographic tracing forms only a small part of it. Nevertheless, there is such a striking parallelism between our electrocardiograms and the tracings obtained in coronary insufficiency or in myocardial damage that a discussion seems justified. The electrocardiogram as induced by psychic emotion has been investigated by psychologists (Astruck, 1923 ; Landis and Slight, 1929 ; Weinberg, 1923). The results, which are mostly reported in the archives ofpsychology or psychiatry -including the paper of Blatz (1925), who is the only one to have studied the influenceof fearon the electrocardiogram-are unfortunately not at our disposal. Bier (1930) found high P, R, and T waves after pleasant excitement in some of his experiments. The majority of workers used hypnosis to provoke emotional excitement. Boas and Goldschmidt (1930), recording the pulse rate previous to and during surgical operations with Boas' cardiotachometer, found it increased in frequency just before operation and instantly slowed down on the induction of general anesthesia.