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Institution

Johannes Kepler University of Linz

EducationLinz, Oberösterreich, Austria
About: Johannes Kepler University of Linz is a education organization based out in Linz, Oberösterreich, Austria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Thin film & Quantum dot. The organization has 6605 authors who have published 19243 publications receiving 385667 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
26 Feb 2018-Polymers
TL;DR: The main approaches for preparing chitosan nanoparticles by self-assembly through both grafting and polyelectrolyte complexes with polyanions are reviewed, and the state of the art of their application in drug delivery is illustrated.
Abstract: Chitosan is a cationic polysaccharide that is usually obtained by alkaline deacetylation of chitin poly(N-acetylglucosamine). It is biocompatible, biodegradable, mucoadhesive, and non-toxic. These excellent biological properties make chitosan a good candidate for a platform in developing drug delivery systems having improved biodistribution, increased specificity and sensitivity, and reduced pharmacological toxicity. In particular, chitosan nanoparticles are found to be appropriate for non-invasive routes of drug administration: oral, nasal, pulmonary and ocular routes. These applications are facilitated by the absorption-enhancing effect of chitosan. Many procedures for obtaining chitosan nanoparticles have been proposed. Particularly, the introduction of hydrophobic moieties into chitosan molecules by grafting to generate a hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance promoting self-assembly is a current and appealing approach. The grafting agent can be a hydrophobic moiety forming micelles that can entrap lipophilic drugs or it can be the drug itself. Another suitable way to generate self-assembled chitosan nanoparticles is through the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with polyanions. This paper reviews the main approaches for preparing chitosan nanoparticles by self-assembly through both procedures, and illustrates the state of the art of their application in drug delivery.

186 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper is a reference for both academics and practicing engineers regarding recent developments and future trends in electrical machine design optimization and comprises the definition of optimization scenarios regarding geometry specification and goal setting.
Abstract: Disruptive innovations in electrical machine design optimization are observed in this paper, motivated by emerging trends. Improvements in mathematics and computer science enable more detailed optimization scenarios that cover evermore aspects of physics. In the past, electrical machine design was equivalent to investigating the electromagnetic performance. Nowadays, thermal, rotor dynamics, power electronics, and control aspects are included. The material and engineering science have introduced new dimensions on the optimization process and impact of manufacturing, and unavoidable tolerances should be considered. Consequently, multifaceted scenarios are analyzed and improvements in numerous fields take effect. This paper is a reference for both academics and practicing engineers regarding recent developments and future trends. It comprises the definition of optimization scenarios regarding geometry specification and goal setting. Moreover, a materials-based perspective and techniques for solving optimization problems are included. Finally, a collection of examples from the literature is presented and two particular scenarios are illustrated in detail.

186 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a dual representation of the technology of international fragmentation for an industry using two factors in a continuum of stages, and derived a generalised factor price frontier which incorporated an endogenous adjustment of the margin of fragmentation.
Abstract: We develop a dual representation of the technology of international fragmentation for an industry using 2 factors in a continuum of stages. We then derive a generalised factor price frontier which incorporates an endogenous adjustment of the margin of fragmentation. Using this frontier in a 2 × 2 general equilibrium model, we investigate the role of outsourcing in the adjustment to a decline in the final output price of the multistage industry, and the attendant factor price effects. We also explore the implications of an improved technology of international fragmentation on the margin of fragmentation and on domestic factor prices.

185 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work concerns itself with predicting the parking occupancy given time-varying arrival and departure rates of a typical international airport, and provides closed forms for the probability distribution of the parking lot occupancy as a function of time.
Abstract: Recently, Olariu et al. [3], [7], [18], [19], [20] proposed to refer to a dynamic group of vehicles whose excess computing, sensing, communication, and storage resources can be coordinated and dynamically allocated to authorized users, as a vehicular cloud. One of the characteristics that distinguishes vehicular clouds from conventional clouds is the dynamically changing amount of available resources that, in some cases, may fluctuate rather abruptly. In this work, we envision a vehicular cloud involving cars in the long-term parking lot of a typical international airport. The patrons of such a parking lot are typically on travel for several days, providing a pool of cars that can serve as the basis for a datacenter at the airport. We anticipate a park and plug scenario where the cars that participate in the vehicular cloud are plugged into a standard power outlet and are provided Ethernet connection to a central server at the airport. In order to be able to schedule resources and to assign computational tasks to the various cars in the vehicular cloud, a fundamental prerequisite is to have an accurate picture of the number of vehicles that are expected to be present in the parking lot as a function of time. What makes the problem difficult is the time-varying nature of the arrival and departure rates. In this work, we concern ourselves with predicting the parking occupancy given time-varying arrival and departure rates. Our main contribution is to provide closed forms for the probability distribution of the parking lot occupancy as a function of time, for the expected number of cars in the parking lot and its variance, and for the limiting behavior of these parameters as time increases. In addition to analytical results, we have obtained a series of empirical results that confirm the accuracy of our analytical predictions.

185 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The essentials of the synthetic chemistry of poly(organo)phosphazenes are detailed in this tutorial review, with a particular focus on the recent advances in this field.
Abstract: Poly(organo)phosphazenes are a family of inorganic molecular hybrid polymers with very diverse properties due to the vast array of organic substituents possible. This tutorial review aims to introduce the basics of the synthetic chemistry of polyphosphazenes, detailing for readers outside the field the essential knowledge required to design and prepare polyphosphazenes with desired properties. A particular focus is given to some of the recent advances in their chemical synthesis which allows not only the preparation of polyphosphazenes with controlled molecular weights and polydispersities, but also novel branched architectures and block copolymers. We also discuss the preparation of supramolecular structures, bioconjugates and in situ forming gels from this diverse family of functional materials. This tutorial review aims to equip the reader to prepare defined polyphosphazenes with unique property combinations and in doing so we hope to stimulate further research and yet more innovative applications for these highly interesting multifaceted materials.

184 citations


Authors

Showing all 6718 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Wolfgang Wagner1562342123391
A. Paul Alivisatos146470101741
Klaus-Robert Müller12976479391
Christoph J. Brabec12089668188
Andreas Heinz108107845002
Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci9959154055
Lars Samuelson9685036931
Peter J. Oefner9034830729
Dmitri V. Talapin9030339572
Tomás Torres8862528223
Ramesh Raskar8667030675
Siegfried Bauer8442226759
Alexander Eychmüller8244423688
Friedrich Schneider8255427383
Maksym V. Kovalenko8136034805
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20242
202354
2022187
20211,404
20201,412
20191,365