Institution
John Radcliffe Hospital
Healthcare•Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom•
About: John Radcliffe Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Antigen. The organization has 14491 authors who have published 23670 publications receiving 1459015 citations.
Topics: Population, Antigen, Transplantation, Gene, Immune system
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this area of low malaria transmission, early diagnosis and treatment with combined artesunate and me floquine has reduced the incidence of P. falciparum malaria and halted the progression of mefloquine resistance.
523 citations
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TL;DR: Temperature, rainfall, vapour pressure and the number of months suitable for P. falciparum transmission have not changed significantly during the past century or during the period of reported malaria resurgence, suggesting claimed associations between local malaria resurgences and regional changes in climate are overly simplistic.
Abstract: The public health and economic consequences of Plasmodium falciparum malaria are once again regarded as priorities for global development. There has been much speculation on whether anthropogenic climate change is exacerbating the malaria problem, especially in areas of high altitude where P. falciparum transmission is limited by low temperature. The International Panel on Climate Change has concluded that there is likely to be a net extension in the distribution of malaria and an increase in incidence within this range. We investigated long-term meteorological trends in four high-altitude sites in East Africa, where increases in malaria have been reported in the past two decades. Here we show that temperature, rainfall, vapour pressure and the number of months suitable for P. falciparum transmission have not changed significantly during the past century or during the period of reported malaria resurgence. A high degree of temporal and spatial variation in the climate of East Africa suggests further that claimed associations between local malaria resurgences and regional changes in climate are overly simplistic.
521 citations
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TL;DR: In preterm and low birth weight infants, feeding with formula milk compared with donor breast milk results in a higher rate of short-term growth but also a higher risk of developing necrotising enterocolitis.
Abstract: Background
Maternal breast milk may contain less nutrients than artificial formula milk but may confer important non-nutrient advantages for preterm or low birth weight infants.
Objectives
To determine the effect of feeding with formula milk compared with maternal breast milk on rate of growth and developmental outcomes in preterm or low birth weight infants.
Search methods
The standard search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group was used. This included electronic searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2007), MEDLINE (1966 - June 2007) and EMBASE (1980 - June 2007) and CINAHL (1982 to June 2007) (all accessed via OVID) and previous reviews including cross references.
Selection criteria
Randomised controlled trials comparing feeding with formula milk versus preterm human milk in preterm or low birth weight infants.
Data collection and analysis
The standard methods of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group were used, with separate evaluation of trial quality and data extraction by two authors.
Main results
No eligible trials were identified.
Authors' conclusions
There are no data from randomised trials of formula milk versus maternal breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants. This may relate to a perceived difficulty of allocating an alternative feed to an infant whose mother wishes to feed with her own breast milk. Maternal breast milk remains the default choice of enteral nutrition because observational studies, and meta-analyses of trials comparing feeding with formula milk versus donor breast milk, suggest that feeding with breast milk has major non-nutrient advantages for preterm or low birth weight infants.
520 citations
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TL;DR: Findings from studies on the modulation of pain by experimentally induced mood changes and clinical mood disorders are reviewed, with possible neural mechanisms underlying this modulatory influence focusing on the periaqueductal grey (PAG), amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and anterior insula as key players in both pain and affective processing.
520 citations
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University of California, San Diego1, Mayo Clinic2, Rambam Health Care Campus3, University of Western Ontario4, Keio University5, Leiden University Medical Center6, St. Michael's Hospital7, University of Melbourne8, University Hospital of Lausanne9, University of Copenhagen10, Akershus University Hospital11, Harvard University12, University of Kiel13, Innsbruck Medical University14, John Radcliffe Hospital15, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven16, University of Milan17, French Institute of Health and Medical Research18, university of lille19
TL;DR: The methods to develop an instrument that can measure cumulative bowel damage, called the Crohn's Disease Digestive Damage Score (the Lémann score), should take into account damage location, severity, extent, progression, and reversibility, as measured by diagnostic imaging modalities and the history of surgical resection are outlined.
Abstract: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic progressive destructive disease. Currently available instruments measure disease activity at a specific point in time. An instrument to measure cumulative structural damage to the bowel, which may predict long-term disability, is needed. The aim of this article is to outline the methods to develop an instrument that can measure cumulative bowel damage. The project is being conducted by the International Program to develop New Indexes in Crohn's disease (IPNIC) group. This instrument, called the Crohn's Disease Digestive Damage Score (the Lemann score), should take into account damage location, severity, extent, progression, and reversibility, as measured by diagnostic imaging modalities and the history of surgical resection. It should not be "diagnostic modality driven": for each lesion and location, a modality appropriate for the anatomic site (for example: computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging enterography, and colonoscopy) will be used. A total of 24 centers from 15 countries will be involved in a cross-sectional study, which will include up to 240 patients with stratification according to disease location and duration. At least 120 additional patients will be included in the study to validate the score. The Lemann score is expected to be able to portray a patient's disease course on a double-axis graph, with time as the x-axis, bowel damage severity as the y-axis, and the slope of the line connecting data points as a measure of disease progression. This instrument could be used to assess the effect of various medical therapies on the progression of bowel damage.
516 citations
Authors
Showing all 14542 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Douglas G. Altman | 253 | 1001 | 680344 |
Salim Yusuf | 231 | 1439 | 252912 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Mark I. McCarthy | 200 | 1028 | 187898 |
Stuart H. Orkin | 186 | 715 | 112182 |
Richard Peto | 183 | 683 | 231434 |
Ralph M. Steinman | 171 | 453 | 121518 |
Adrian L. Harris | 170 | 1084 | 120365 |
Rory Collins | 162 | 489 | 193407 |
Nicholas J. White | 161 | 1352 | 104539 |
David W. Johnson | 160 | 2714 | 140778 |
David Cella | 156 | 1258 | 106402 |
Edmund T. Rolls | 153 | 612 | 77928 |
Martin A. Nowak | 148 | 591 | 94394 |
Kypros H. Nicolaides | 147 | 1302 | 87091 |