Institution
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Healthcare•Baltimore, Maryland, United States•
About: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine is a healthcare organization based out in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 44277 authors who have published 79222 publications receiving 4788882 citations.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Cancer, Transplantation, Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: There appears that there is significant heterogeneity of tumor redox status and that manipulation of the tumorredox status may be important in tumor growth and therapy.
Abstract: Therapeutic regimens such as radiation or chemotherapy attempt to exploit the physiological differences between normal and malignant tissue. Tissue redox status and pO(2) are two factors that are hypothesized to be different in normal and malignant tissues. Methods that can detect subtle differences in the above physiological parameters would greatly aid in devising appropriate treatment strategies. We have previously used in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and imaging techniques and shown that tumor tissues are highly reducing and hypoxic compared with normal tissues (P. Kuppusamy et al., Cancer Res., 58: 1562-1568, 1998). The purpose of the present study was to obtain spatially resolved redox data from normal and tumor tissues of radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF-1) tumor-bearing mice and to examine the role of intracellular glutathione (GSH) on the tissue redox status. Experiments were performed using low-frequency (1.3 GHz) in vivo EPR spectroscopy and imaging techniques with a nitroxide redox probe. L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, was used to deplete tissue GSH levels. The results show the existence of significant heterogeneity of redox status in the tumor tissue compared with normal tissue. The tumor tissues show at least 4-fold higher concentrations of GSH levels compared with normal tissues in the tumor-bearing mice. Also BSO treatment showed a differential depletion of GSH and reducing equivalents in the tumor tissue. Thus, it appears that there is significant heterogeneity of tumor redox status and that manipulation of the tumor redox status may be important in tumor growth and therapy.
637 citations
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TL;DR: PLA's application as drug-loaded nanoparticle drug carriers, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and micelles, can encapsulate otherwise toxic hydrophobic anti-tumor drugs and evade systemic toxicities.
637 citations
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TL;DR: The current understanding of the consequences of HIF activity and the translational potential of targeting HIFs for cancer therapy are discussed.
Abstract: Intratumoral hypoxia (reduced O 2 availability) is a common finding in human cancer and leads to increased activity of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which regulate the expression of genes that contribute to angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, extracellular matrix remodeling, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, motility, invasion, metastasis, cancer stem cell maintenance, immune evasion, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Conventional anticancer therapies target well-oxygenated and proliferating cancer cells, whereas there are no approved therapies that target hypoxic cancer cells, despite growing clinical and experimental evidence indicating that intratumoral hypoxia is a critical microenvironmental factor driving cancer progression. In this review, our current understanding of the consequences of HIF activity and the translational potential of targeting HIFs for cancer therapy are discussed.
636 citations
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Johns Hopkins University1, National Institutes of Health2, Saarland University3, Radboud University Nijmegen4, University College London5, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine6, Harvard University7, Free University of Berlin8, University of California, San Francisco9, Gunma University10, University of Hawaii at Manoa11, Boston Children's Hospital12, University of Washington13, Keio University14, Ohio State University15
TL;DR: The current effort to unify the TRP nomenclature focuses on three subfamilies that bear significant similarities to the founding member of this superfamily, Drosophila TRP, and which include highly related members in worms, flies, mice, and humans.
636 citations
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Aarhus University1, Lenox Hill Hospital2, Pfizer3, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center4, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai5, University of California, Los Angeles6, Ohio State University7, University of Minnesota8, St. Agnes Hospital9, University of Ulm10, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston11, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine12, Boston University13, Beaumont Hospital14, Washington University in St. Louis15, University of Turku16, Wake Forest University17, Duke University18
TL;DR: The Screening for Heart Attack Prevention and Education (SHAPE) Task Force presents a new practice guideline for cardiovascular screening in the asymptomatic at-risk population, calling for noninvasive screening of all asymptonomatic men 45‐75 years of age and asymPTomatic women 55‐75years of age to detect and treat those with subclinical atherosclerosis.
Abstract: Screening for early-stage asymptomatic cancers (eg, cancers of breast and colon) to prevent late-stage malignancies has been widely accepted. However, although atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (eg, heart attack and stroke) accounts for more death and disability than all cancers combined, there are no national screening guidelines for asymptomatic (subclinical) atherosclerosis, and there is no governmentor healthcare-sponsored reimbursement for atherosclerosis screening. Part I and Part II of this consensus statement elaborated on new discoveries in the field of atherosclerosis that led to the concept of the “vulnerable patient.” These landmark discoveries, along with new diagnostic and therapeutic options, have set the stage for the next step: translation of this knowledge into a new practice of preventive cardiology. The identification and treatment of the vulnerable patient are the focuses of this consensus statement. In this report, the Screening for Heart Attack Prevention and Education (SHAPE) Task Force presents a new practice guideline for cardiovascular screening in the asymptomatic at-risk population. In summary, the SHAPE Guideline calls for noninvasive screening of all asymptomatic men 45‐75 years of age and asymptomatic women 55‐75 years of age (except those defined as very low risk) to detect and treat those with subclinical atherosclerosis. A variety of screening tests are available, and the cost-effectiveness of their use in a comprehensive strategy must be validated. Some of these screening tests, such as measurement of coronary artery calcification by computed tomography scanning and carotid artery intima‐media thickness and plaque by ultrasonography, have been available longer than others and are capable of providing direct evidence for the presence and extent of atherosclerosis. Both of these imaging methods provide prognostic information of proven value regarding the future risk of heart attack and stroke. Careful and responsible implementation of these tests as part of a comprehensive risk assessment and reduction approach is warranted and outlined by this report. Other tests for the detection of atherosclerosis and abnormal arterial structure and function, such as magnetic resonance imaging of the great arteries, studies of small and large artery stiffness, and assessment of systemic endothelial dysfunction, are emerging and must be further validated. The screening results (severity of subclinical arterial disease) combined with risk factor assessment are used for risk stratification to identify the vulnerable patient and initiate appropriate therapy. The higher the risk, the more vulnerable an individual is to a near-term adverse event. Because <10% of the population who test positive for atherosclerosis will experience a near-term event, additional risk stratification based on reliable markers of disease activity is needed and is expected to further focus the search for the vulnerable patient in the future. All individuals with asymptomatic atherosclerosis should be counseled and treated to prevent progression to overt
635 citations
Authors
Showing all 44754 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Bert Vogelstein | 247 | 757 | 332094 |
Solomon H. Snyder | 232 | 1222 | 200444 |
Steven A. Rosenberg | 218 | 1204 | 199262 |
Kenneth W. Kinzler | 215 | 640 | 243944 |
Hagop M. Kantarjian | 204 | 3708 | 210208 |
Mark P. Mattson | 200 | 980 | 138033 |
Stuart H. Orkin | 186 | 715 | 112182 |
Paul G. Richardson | 183 | 1533 | 155912 |
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Gonçalo R. Abecasis | 179 | 595 | 230323 |
Jie Zhang | 178 | 4857 | 221720 |
Daniel R. Weinberger | 177 | 879 | 128450 |
David Baker | 173 | 1226 | 109377 |
Eliezer Masliah | 170 | 982 | 127818 |