Institution
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
Education•Nairobi, Kenya•
About: Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology is a education organization based out in Nairobi, Kenya. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Descriptive statistics. The organization has 3692 authors who have published 4404 publications receiving 40485 citations. The organization is also known as: JKUAT.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The extent of the trait data compiled in TRY is evaluated and emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness are analyzed to conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements.
Abstract: Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
882 citations
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Wageningen University and Research Centre1, University of Nebraska–Lincoln2, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics3, International Food Policy Research Institute4, Africa Rice Center5, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology6, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture7, Federal University of Technology Minna8, University of Zimbabwe9, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center10
TL;DR: In this article, a robust yield gap analysis for 10 countries in sub-Saharan Africa using location-specific data and a spatial upscaling approach reveals that, in addition to yield gap closure, other more complex and uncertain components of intensification are also needed, i.e., increasing cropping intensity and sustainable expansion of irrigated production area.
Abstract: Although global food demand is expected to increase 60% by 2050 compared with 2005/2007, the rise will be much greater in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Indeed, SSA is the region at greatest food security risk because by 2050 its population will increase 2.5-fold and demand for cereals approximately triple, whereas current levels of cereal consumption already depend on substantial imports. At issue is whether SSA can meet this vast increase in cereal demand without greater reliance on cereal imports or major expansion of agricultural area and associated biodiversity loss and greenhouse gas emissions. Recent studies indicate that the global increase in food demand by 2050 can be met through closing the gap between current farm yield and yield potential on existing cropland. Here, however, we estimate it will not be feasible to meet future SSA cereal demand on existing production area by yield gap closure alone. Our agronomically robust yield gap analysis for 10 countries in SSA using location-specific data and a spatial upscaling approach reveals that, in addition to yield gap closure, other more complex and uncertain components of intensification are also needed, i.e., increasing cropping intensity (the number of crops grown per 12 mo on the same field) and sustainable expansion of irrigated production area. If intensification is not successful and massive cropland land expansion is to be avoided, SSA will depend much more on imports of cereals than it does today.
581 citations
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Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute1, University of Basel2, Tunis University3, Fudan University4, University of Bern5, Sichuan University6, University of California, San Francisco7, Ifakara Health Institute8, University of Ghana9, Makerere University10, University of Amsterdam11, Case Western Reserve University12, Auckland City Hospital13, RMIT University14, University of Cape Town15, Francis Crick Institute16, Imperial College London17, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research18, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp19, Tartu University Hospital20, University of Tübingen21, University of Yaoundé I22, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences23, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology24, Aga Khan University Hospital25, Medical Research Council26, University of the Witwatersrand27, National Institute for Medical Research28, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich29, Public Health Agency of Sweden30, Vilnius University31, Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt32, Moi University33, Brown University34, Pasteur Institute35, Spanish National Research Council36
TL;DR: It is shown that lineage 4 comprises globally distributed and geographically restricted sublineages, suggesting a distinction between generalists and specialists, and further support a European origin for the most common generalist sublineage.
Abstract: Generalist and specialist species differ in the breadth of their ecological niches Little is known about the niche width of obligate human pathogens Here we analyzed a global collection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 4 clinical isolates, the most geographically widespread cause of human tuberculosis We show that lineage 4 comprises globally distributed and geographically restricted sublineages, suggesting a distinction between generalists and specialists Population genomic analyses showed that, whereas the majority of human T cell epitopes were conserved in all sublineages, the proportion of variable epitopes was higher in generalists Our data further support a European origin for the most common generalist sublineage Hence, the global success of lineage 4 reflects distinct strategies adopted by different sublineages and the influence of human migration
293 citations
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TL;DR: This article found that differentiation-related innovations lead to better firm performance than novelty-related innovation and that the financial, social, human capital-performance relationships are mediated in part by innovation.
Abstract: Economic development and social entrepreneurship often conceive of poverty as a resource allocation problem in which a lack of capital prevents the poor from increasing their income through entrepreneurship. This allocative view, however, represents only one possible approach to conceptualizing entrepreneurial opportunity. The alternative discovery- and creativity-based views place a greater emphasis on innovation which implies that superior ideas are also needed if poverty is to be reduced through firm performance. Drawing from a survey of 201 small business owners involved in a microcredit programme in Nairobi, Kenya, we find that the financial, social, human capital–performance relationships are mediated in part by innovation. Further, we find that differentiation-related innovations lead to better firm performance than novelty-related innovations.
287 citations
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TL;DR: The major challenges and security issues stunting the growth of IoT-based smart grid networks are reviewed and explored.
251 citations
Authors
Showing all 3716 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Jonathan A. Eisen | 96 | 493 | 59611 |
Elizabeth A. Bukusi | 57 | 433 | 14297 |
Pier Paolo Piccaluga | 53 | 289 | 10506 |
Oleg Mosin | 33 | 166 | 3358 |
Ataur Rahman | 33 | 397 | 5316 |
Joseph Maina | 33 | 75 | 4567 |
Josephat Shililu | 28 | 48 | 1976 |
Kepher H. Makambi | 28 | 107 | 2282 |
Joseph Oundo | 27 | 55 | 4828 |
Cleophas M. Kyama | 26 | 57 | 2279 |
Kenneth Ngure | 26 | 109 | 4808 |
Isaiah O. Ndiege | 24 | 43 | 1667 |
Griffiths G. Atungulu | 24 | 133 | 2030 |
Zipporah Ng’ang’a | 23 | 108 | 1590 |
Edwin Kamau | 22 | 69 | 1641 |