Jordan University of Science and Technology

About: Jordan University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Irbid, Irbid, Jordan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 7582 authors who have published 13166 publications receiving 298158 citations. The organization is also known as: JUST.

Tuberculosis of the lymph glands of the neck: a limited role for surgery.

Abstract: Background and objective The clinical problem of a neck mass in general and tuberculous lymph nodes in the neck in particular may present a diagnostic dilemma. This retrospective study was conducted to highlight clinical presentation, management, and outcome. Patients and methods All patients (n = 59) diagnosed with tuberculosis of the cervical lymph node in Irbid governorate during the period 1996 through 2000 were reviewed for standard criteria, in addition to diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Results Medical records were reviewed and relevant data were included; all age groups were equally involved with a female/male ratio of 2:1. Most of the patients presented with a neck mass to the outpatient surgical clinic. The diagnosis was made mainly based on the clinical picture and results of the Mantoux test, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, and culture of bacilli. Fine needle aspiration cytology and histologic examination of incisional or excisional specimens are the main objective diagnostic tools. All patients were treated with antituberculous drugs under directly observed therapy short-course regimen with 83% cure rate. Conclusion Tuberculosis of the cervical lymph nodes responds well to antituberculous drugs and the surgical role is limited to guidance in fine needle aspiration, incision and drainage, and incisional and limited excisional biopsy. Major excisional procedures are not without complications and should be avoided.

Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Amid Confinement: The BKSQ-COVID-19 Project

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has compelled implementing confinement measure across the globe These measures can potentially lead to many changes in lifestyle However, no studies examined the effect of COVID-19-induced confinement on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) Methods: During April and May of 2020, the current study surveyed changes in PA and SB induced by COVID-19 confinement Results: The participants of the study were 1844 Among the participants who were regularly involved in PA, the majority (41 8-42 2%) of the participants reported a "decrease" (p<0 05) in walking, jogging, and sports while the majority (46 3-53 1%) reported a "no change" (p<0 05) in swimming, cycling, and weight lifting With regard to the SB, most of the participants reported an "increase" in watching TV (72 3%), using electronics (82 7%), and logging to social media (81 9%) Additionally, gender, job type, obesity, and being worried to contract the disease were associated (p<0 05) with changes in PA On the other hand, age, gender, obesity, job type and income were related (p<0 05) to changes in SB Conclusion: Results of the current study might enhance knowledge about the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle, particularly PA and SB Subsequently, it can also be used to establish strategies to enhance engagement in activities during the current and future pandemics

Metabolomics Based Profiling of Dexamethasone Side Effects in Rats.

Abstract: Dexamethasone (Dex) is a synthetic glucocorticoid that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects and is used in several conditions such as asthma and severe allergy. Patients receiving Dex, either at a high dose or for a long time, might develop several side effects such as hyperglycemia, weight change, or osteoporosis due to its in vivo non-selectivity. Herein, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based comprehensive targeted metabolomic profiling as well as radiographic imaging techniques to study the side effects of Dex treatment in rats. The Dex-treated rats suffered from a ∼20% reduction in weight gain, hyperglycemia (145 mg/dL), changes in serum lipids, and reduction in total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (∼600 IU/L). Also, compared to controls, Dex-treated rats showed a distinctive metabolomics profile. In particular, serum amino acids metabolism showed six-fold reduction in phenylalanine, lysine, and arginine levels and upregulation of tyrosine and hydroxyproline reflecting perturbations in gluconeogenesis and protein catabolism which together lead to weight loss and abnormal bone metabolism. Sorbitol level was markedly elevated secondary to hyperglycemia and reflecting activation of the polyol metabolism pathway causing a decrease in the availability of reducing molecules (glutathione, NADPH, NAD+). Overexpression of succinylacetone (4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid) suggests a novel inhibitory effect of Dex on hepatic fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase. The acylcarnitines, mainly the very long chain species (C12, C14:1, C18:1) were significantly increased after Dex treatment which reflects degradation of the adipose tissue. In conclusion, long-term Dex therapy in rats is associated with a distinctive metabolic profile which correlates with its side effects. Therefore, metabolomics based profiling may predict Dex treatment-related side effects and may offer possible novel therapeutic interventions.

Why Do Jordanian Women Stay in an Abusive Relationship: Implications for Health and Social Well-Being

Abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore why Jordanian women stay with an abusive husband. DESIGN: The study used a qualitative approach to collect data from 28 abused women who were recruited through their community during the summer and fall of 2007. METHODS: Data were collected using an open-ended question through one-on-one in-depth interviews. FINDINGS: Results from analysis of the qualitative data revealed that abused Jordanian women identified five main reasons for staying with an abusive husband: the inherited social background, financial dependency, lack of family support, sacrificing self for the sake of the children, and the adverse social consequences of divorce. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that Jordanian women are strongly bound by traditions and cultural rules and lack all means of empowerment. Results of the study have implications for healthcare providers, social workers, policy makers, and educators to enhance the health and social well-being of Arab Muslim women in Jordan. The findings may also apply to Arab families immigrating to the United States, Canada, and Europe who tend to bring their cultural beliefs, values, and norms, and may help healthcare professionals dealing with violence against women in these countries. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Healthcare professionals worldwide need to play an instrumental role in providing culture-specific and evidence-based care to empower women staying in abusive relationships, taking into consideration the influence of Arab Muslim culture. Language: en