Showing papers by "Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya published in 2017"

Review on Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and its Important Secondary Metabolite Diosgenin

Abstract: Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is a medicinal plant used worldwide since ancient times. Its use as smelling agent and spice was documented since 15 th century. The genus Trigonella includes around 260 species diffused worldwide and belonging to Fabaceae family. In the last decades, a number of studies highlighted the biological activities and therapeutic properties of this species mainly attributed to bioactive secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and saponins. In particular, diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, has been investigated for its medicinal uses and fenugreek has been reported as source of raw material for the production of steroidal hormones. This review article focuses on the cultivation, genetics, ecophysiology and traditional uses of fenugreek, as well as on its medicinal properties, phytochemical and nutrient contents. Extraction procedures and pharmacological activities of diosgenin are also reviewed, as well as methods for its chemical analyses. This review focuses on the medicinal importance of Fenugreek and its important secondary metabolite diosgenin. The review article complies the results of pre-clinical studies conducted to establish the various medicinal applications of diosgenin. This will help researcher to discover fundamental role of diosgenin as a potential product for drug manufacturers and use of fenugreek as a source of diosgenin.

Effective Delivery Routes And Strategies For Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (Sln) And Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (Nlc).

Abstract: Background SLNs and NLCs have remarkably wide range of properties which make them useful for several potential applications in drug delivery, clinical medicine, and research, as well as in parenteral, dermal, pulmonary and topical delivery of drugs. The unique size-dependent properties of the solid lipid nanoparticles make them at the forefront of the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology offering development of new therapeutics having reduced toxic side effects and increased treatment efficacy. Methods SLNs and NLCs are very attractive drug delivery candidates, primarily due to their relatively stable constituents and probable ease of drug encapsulations. The incorporation of drugs into nanocarriers like SLNs and NLCs for several levels of drug targeting offers good potential in gene transfer, cosmetic and food industry with great promise for reaching the goal of controlled and site-specific drug delivery. Lipid nanoparticle drug delivery technology presents considerable opportunities for improving medical therapeutics, but the technology's potential remains unrealized. Results The review has focused on the various effective delivery routes and strategies for SLNs and NLCs, and their applicability in the encapsulation of therapeutics. Number of research works has been successfully carried out in this area. It would result in a simultaneous improvement in the quality, efficacy, and safety profile of drugs. Conclusion However, because of mentioned limitations and difficulties related to them, the total number of products on the market is still limited. Although the concept of PEGylation to increase half-life of nanoparticles revolutionized the nanoparticle-mediated drug-delivery field, significant improvements are warranted in this area.

Barriers Influencing Adoption of Green Homes

Abstract: A green building is a building designed and constructed using the process and resources that will not compromise with the health of the environment as well as the building’s occupants, workers, general public and future generations. Due to rising awareness for issues like global warming, governments and the public all around the world now perceive the need for more sustainable building products and practices. However, the rate of adoption of such practices is very slow. This research paper identifies barriers to more widespread adoption of sustainable building practices. The data presented are mainly derived from responses to a questionnaire that was developed for this purpose. The primary barriers, identified using factor analysis include lack of awareness, lack of cost savings and lack of reliability. The work concludes that the people needs to be educated to understand the long term economic and environmental benefits for adopting the green homes.

Physical properties of lunar craters

Abstract: The surface of the Moon is highly cratered due to impacts of meteorites, asteroids, comets and other celestial objects. The origin, size, structure, age and composition vary among craters. We study a total of 339 craters observed by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC). Out of these 339 craters, 214 craters are known (named craters included in the IAU Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature) and 125 craters are unknown (craters that are not named and objects that are absent in the IAU Gazetteer). We employ images taken by LROC at the North and South Poles and near side of the Moon. We report for the first time the study of unknown craters, while we also review the study of known craters conducted earlier by previous researchers. Our study is focused on measurements of diameter, depth, latitude and longitude of each crater for both known and unknown craters. The diameter measurements are based on considering the Moon to be a spherical body. The LROC website also provides a plot which enables us to measure the depth and diameter. We found that out of 214 known craters, 161 craters follow a linear relationship between depth ( d ) and diameter ( D ), but 53 craters do not follow this linear relationship. We study physical dimensions of these 53 craters and found that either the depth does not change significantly with diameter or the depths are extremely high relative to diameter (conical). Similarly, out of 125 unknown craters, 78 craters follow the linear relationship between depth ( d ) and diameter ( D ) but 47 craters do not follow the linear relationship. We propose that the craters following the scaling law of depth and diameter, also popularly known as the linear relationship between d and D , are formed by the impact of meteorites having heavy metals with larger dimension, while those with larger diameter but less depth are formed by meteorites/celestial objects having low density material but larger diameter. The craters with very high depth and with very small diameter are perhaps formed by the impact of meteorites that have very high density but small diameter with a conical shape. Based on analysis of the data selected for the current investigation, we further found that out of 339 craters, 100 (29.5%) craters exist near the equator, 131 (38.6%) are in the northern hemisphere and 108 (31.80%) are in the southern hemisphere. This suggests the Moon is heavily cratered at higher latitudes and near the equatorial zone.