Institution
Karolinska Institutet
Education•Stockholm, Sweden•
About: Karolinska Institutet is a education organization based out in Stockholm, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 46212 authors who have published 121142 publications receiving 6008130 citations.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Cancer, Cohort study, Breast cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: The second European Federation of Neurological Societies Task Force as discussed by the authors aimed at updating the existing evidence about the pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain since 2005, and identified studies using the Cochrane Database and Medline.
Abstract: Background and objectives: This second European Federation of Neurological Societies Task Force aimed at updating the existing evidence about the pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain since 2005.
Methods: Studies were identified using the Cochrane Database and Medline. Trials were classified according to the aetiological condition. All class I and II randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were assessed; lower class studies were considered only in conditions that had no top-level studies. Treatments administered using repeated or single administrations were considered, provided they are feasible in an outpatient setting.
Results: Most large RCTs included patients with diabetic polyneuropathies and post-herpetic neuralgia, while an increasing number of smaller studies explored other conditions. Drugs generally have similar efficacy in various conditions, except in trigeminal neuralgia, chronic radiculopathy and HIV neuropathy, with level A evidence in support of tricyclic antidepressants (TCA), pregabalin, gabapentin, tramadol and opioids (in various conditions), duloxetine, venlafaxine, topical lidocaine and capsaicin patches (in restricted conditions). Combination therapy appears useful for TCA-gabapentin and gabapentin-opioids (level A).
Conclusions: There are still too few large-scale comparative studies. For future trials, we recommend to assess comorbidities, quality of life, symptoms and signs with standardized tools and attempt to better define responder profiles to specific drug treatments.
1,504 citations
••
University of Sydney1, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens2, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust3, University of Tübingen4, University of Duisburg-Essen5, University of Kiel6, Aix-Marseille University7, University of Paris8, University of Barcelona9, Netherlands Cancer Institute10, Karolinska Institutet11, Heidelberg University12, Mount Vernon Hospital13, Institut Gustave Roussy14, University of California, Los Angeles15, GlaxoSmithKline16, Harvard University17
TL;DR: A combination of dabraenib and trametinib, as compared with dabrafenib alone, improved the rate of progression-free survival in previously untreated patients who had metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Combined BRAF and MEK inhibition, as compared with BRAF inhibition alone, delays the emergence of resistance and reduces toxic effects in patients who have melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations. METHODS In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 423 previously untreated patients who had unresectable stage IIIC or stage IV melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation to receive a combination of dabrafenib (150 mg orally twice daily) and trametinib (2 mg orally once daily) or dabrafenib and placebo. The primary end point was progression-free survival. Secondary end points included overall survival, response rate, response duration, and safety. A preplanned interim overall survival analysis was conducted. RESULTS The median progression-free survival was 9.3 months in the dabrafenib–trametinib group and 8.8 months in the dabrafenib-only group (hazard ratio for progression or death in the dabrafenib–trametinib group, 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57 to 0.99; P = 0.03). The overall response rate was 67% in the dabrafenib–trametinib group and 51% in the dabrafenib-only group (P = 0.002). At 6 months, the interim overall survival rate was 93% with dabrafenib–trametinib and 85% with dabrafenib alone (hazard ratio for death, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.94; P = 0.02). However, a specified efficacy-stopping boundary (two-sided P = 0.00028) was not crossed. Rates of adverse events were similar in the two groups, although more dose modifications occurred in the dabrafenib–trametinib group. The rate of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma was lower in the dabrafenib–trametinib group than in the dabrafenib-only group (2% vs. 9%), whereas pyrexia occurred in more patients (51% vs. 28%) and was more often severe (grade 3, 6% vs. 2%) in the dabrafenib–trametinib group. CONCLUSIONS A combination of dabrafenib and trametinib, as compared with dabrafenib alone, improved the rate of progression-free survival in previously untreated patients who had metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E or V600K mutations. (Funded by GlaxoSmithKline; Clinical Trials.gov number, NCT01584648.)
1,501 citations
••
TL;DR: It is shown that SARS-CoV-2 elicits robust, broad and highly functional memory T cell responses, suggesting that natural exposure or infection may prevent recurrent episodes of severe COVID-19.
1,501 citations
••
TL;DR: The results provide evidence for the existence of a novel steroid hormone signaling pathway with potential implications in the regulation of steroid hormone and sterol homeostasis and the expression of the CYP3A family of steroid hydroxylases and modulates sterol and bile acid biosynthesis in vivo.
1,493 citations
••
TL;DR: It is suggested that a systematic exploration of the viruses that infect humans, "the human virome," can be initiated, and a general culture-independent solution to the problem of detecting unknown virus species in single or pooled samples is provided.
Abstract: The identification of new virus species is a key issue for the study of infectious disease but is technically very difficult. We developed a system for large-scale molecular virus screening of clinical samples based on host DNA depletion, random PCR amplification, large-scale sequencing, and bioinformatics. The technology was applied to pooled human respiratory tract samples. The first experiments detected seven human virus species without the use of any specific reagent. Among the detected viruses were one coronavirus and one parvovirus, both of which were at that time uncharacterized. The parvovirus, provisionally named human bocavirus, was in a retrospective clinical study detected in 17 additional patients and associated with lower respiratory tract infections in children. The molecular virus screening procedure provides a general culture-independent solution to the problem of detecting unknown virus species in single or pooled samples. We suggest that a systematic exploration of the viruses that infect humans, “the human virome,” can be initiated.
1,492 citations
Authors
Showing all 46522 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
Albert Hofman | 267 | 2530 | 321405 |
Guido Kroemer | 236 | 1404 | 246571 |
Eric B. Rimm | 196 | 988 | 147119 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Jing Wang | 184 | 4046 | 202769 |
Tadamitsu Kishimoto | 181 | 1067 | 130860 |
John Hardy | 177 | 1178 | 171694 |
Marc G. Caron | 173 | 674 | 99802 |
Ramachandran S. Vasan | 172 | 1100 | 138108 |
Adrian L. Harris | 170 | 1084 | 120365 |
Douglas F. Easton | 165 | 844 | 113809 |
Zulfiqar A Bhutta | 165 | 1231 | 169329 |
Judah Folkman | 165 | 499 | 148611 |
Ralph A. DeFronzo | 160 | 759 | 132993 |