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Institution

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven

EducationLeuven, Belgium
About: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven is a education organization based out in Leuven, Belgium. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 61109 authors who have published 176584 publications receiving 6210872 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Treatment with zoledronic acid reduced the risk of morphometric vertebral fracture by 70% during a 3-year period, as compared with placebo.
Abstract: Background A single infusion of intravenous zoledronic acid decreases bone turnover and improves bone density at 12 months in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. We assessed the effects of annual infusions of zoledronic acid on fracture risk during a 3-year period. Methods In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 3889 patients (mean age, 73 years) were randomly assigned to receive a single 15-minute infusion of zoledronic acid (5 mg) and 3876 were assigned to receive placebo at baseline, at 12 months, and at 24 months; the patients were followed until 36 months. Primary end points were new vertebral fracture (in patients not taking concomitant osteoporosis medications) and hip fracture (in all patients). Secondary end points included bone mineral density, bone turnover markers, and safety outcomes. Results Treatment with zoledronic acid reduced the risk of morphometric vertebral fracture by 70% during a 3-year period, as compared with placebo (3.3% in the zoledronic-acid group vs. 10.9% in the ...

2,451 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A consensus-based approach was applied, supplemented by input from international experts who reviewed the report, and a dyspepsia subgroup classification is proposed for research purposes, based on the predominant (most bothersome) symptom.

2,428 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents a literature review of the various Fenton reagent reactions which constitute the overall kinetic scheme with all possible side reactions and discusses the possibility of improving sludge dewaterability using Fenton's reagent.

2,424 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
30 Jul 1998-Nature
TL;DR: It is shown that hypoxia and hypoglycaemia reduce proliferation and increase apoptosis in wild-type (Hif-1α+/+) embryonic stem (ES) cells, but not in ES cells with inactivated HIF-1 α genes (HIF- 1α−/−), suggesting that there are at least two different adaptive responses to being deprived of oxygen and nutrients.
Abstract: As a result of deprivation of oxygen (hypoxia) and nutrients, the growth and viability of cells is reduced. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha helps to restore oxygen homeostasis by inducing glycolysis, erythropoiesis and angiogenesis. Here we show that hypoxia and hypoglycaemia reduce proliferation and increase apoptosis in wild-type (HIF-1alpha+/+) embryonic stem (ES) cells, but not in ES cells with inactivated HIF-1alpha genes (HIF-1alpha-/-); however, a deficiency of HIF-1alpha does not affect apoptosis induced by cytokines. We find that hypoxia/hypoglycaemia-regulated genes involved in controlling the cell cycle are either HIF-1alpha-dependent (those encoding the proteins p53, p21, Bcl-2) or HIF-1alpha-independent (p27, GADD153), suggesting that there are at least two different adaptive responses to being deprived of oxygen and nutrients. Loss of HIF-1alpha reduces hypoxia-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, prevents formation of large vessels in ES-derived tumours, and impairs vascular function, resulting in hypoxic microenvironments within the tumour mass. However, growth of HIF-1alpha tumours was not retarded but was accelerated, owing to decreased hypoxia-induced apoptosis and increased stress-induced proliferation. As hypoxic stress contributes to many (patho)biological disorders, this new role for HIF-1alpha in hypoxic control of cell growth and death may be of general pathophysiological importance.

2,391 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper uses a productivity and an adoption approach, while including a search for contextual variables in the firms strategy that affects complementarity, to analyze complementarity between innovation activities: internal research and development (R&D) and external knowledge acquisition.
Abstract: Empirical research on complementarity between organizational design decisions has traditionally focused on the question of existence of complementarity. In this paper, we take a broader approach to the issue, combining a productivity and an adoption approach, while including a search for contextual variables in the firms strategy that affects complementarity. Analysis of contextual variables is not only interesting per se, but also improves the productivity test for the existence of complementarity. We use our empirical methodology to analyze complementarity between innovation activities: internal research and development (R&D) and external knowledge acquisition. Our results suggest that internal R&D and external knowledge acquisition are complementary innovation activities, but that the degree of complementarity is sensitive to other elements of the firms strategic environment. We identify reliance on basic R&Dthe importance of universities and research centers as an information source for the innovation processas an important contextual variable affecting complementarity between internal and external innovation activities.

2,385 citations


Authors

Showing all 61602 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Eugene Braunwald2301711264576
Joseph L. Goldstein207556149527
Rakesh K. Jain2001467177727
Stefan Schreiber1781233138528
Masayuki Yamamoto1711576123028
Jun Wang1661093141621
David R. Jacobs1651262113892
Klaus Müllen1642125140748
Peter Carmeliet164844122918
Hua Zhang1631503116769
William J. Sandborn1621317108564
Elliott M. Antman161716179462
Tobin J. Marks1591621111604
Ian A. Wilson15897198221
Johan Auwerx15865395779
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023307
2022857
202111,007
202010,541
20199,719
20189,532