Institution
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
Education•Leuven, Belgium•
About: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven is a education organization based out in Leuven, Belgium. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 61109 authors who have published 176584 publications receiving 6210872 citations.
Topics: Population, Context (language use), Transplantation, Medicine, CMOS
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Heidelberg University1, University of Marburg2, Queen Mary University of London3, University of Leeds4, Rutgers University5, University of New South Wales6, University of Münster7, Aarhus University8, Columbia University9, University of Chieti-Pescara10, University of Oslo11, Karolinska Institutet12, Université catholique de Louvain13, University of Sydney14, Paris Descartes University15, Royal Perth Hospital16, University of Western Australia17, University of Dundee18, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven19, Maastricht University20, Taipei Veterans General Hospital21, National Yang-Ming University22
TL;DR: In conditions such as fibromyalgia or nonspecific low-back pain, chronic pain may be conceived as a disease in its own right; in this proposal, this subgroup is called “chronic primary pain,” and in 6 other subgroups, pain is secondary to an underlying disease.
Abstract: Chronic pain is a major source of suffering. It interferes with daily functioning and often is accompanied by distress. Yet, in the International Classification of Diseases, chronic pain diagnoses are not represented systematically. The lack of appropriate codes renders accurate epidemiological investigations difficult and impedes health policy decisions regarding chronic pain such as adequate financing of access to multimodal pain management. In cooperation with the WHO, an IASP Working Group has developed a classification system that is applicable in a wide range of contexts, including pain medicine, primary care, and low-resource environments. Chronic pain is defined as pain that persists or recurs for more than 3 months. In chronic pain syndromes, pain can be the sole or a leading complaint and requires special treatment and care. In conditions such as fibromyalgia or nonspecific low-back pain, chronic pain may be conceived as a disease in its own right; in our proposal, we call this subgroup "chronic primary pain." In 6 other subgroups, pain is secondary to an underlying disease: chronic cancer-related pain, chronic neuropathic pain, chronic secondary visceral pain, chronic posttraumatic and postsurgical pain, chronic secondary headache and orofacial pain, and chronic secondary musculoskeletal pain. These conditions are summarized as "chronic secondary pain" where pain may at least initially be conceived as a symptom. Implementation of these codes in the upcoming 11th edition of International Classification of Diseases will lead to improved classification and diagnostic coding, thereby advancing the recognition of chronic pain as a health condition in its own right.
1,311 citations
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TL;DR: Current evidence is insufficient to warrant widespread population-based screening by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for PCa, and these EAU guidelines on PCa summarise the most recent findings and put them into clinical practice.
1,310 citations
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TL;DR: The current state of the art in this field is summarized, including methodologic issues, available collections, practical applications, challenges and shortcomings, and future directions, and a European consortium of PDX models is introduced.
Abstract: Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the development and characterization of patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models for cancer research. PDX models mostly retain the principal histologic and genetic characteristics of their donor tumor and remain stable across passages. These models have been shown to be predictive of clinical outcomes and are being used for preclinical drug evaluation, biomarker identification, biologic studies, and personalized medicine strategies. This article summarizes the current state of the art in this field, including methodologic issues, available collections, practical applications, challenges and shortcomings, and future directions, and introduces a European consortium of PDX models. Significance: PDX models are increasingly used in translational cancer research. These models are useful for drug screening, biomarker development, and the preclinical evaluation of personalized medicine strategies. This review provides a timely overview of the key characteristics of PDX models and a detailed discussion of future directions in the field. Cancer Discov; 4(9); 998–1013. ©2014 AACR .
1,309 citations
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Technical University of Denmark1, Åbo Akademi University2, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland3, University of Copenhagen4, Vrije Universiteit Brussel5, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven6, Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria7, Université Paris-Saclay8, Steno Diabetes Center9, University of Helsinki10, ETH Zurich11, Glostrup Hospital12, University of Southern Denmark13, King's College London14
TL;DR: It is shown how the human gut microbiome impacts the serum metabolome and associates with insulin resistance in 277 non-diabetic Danish individuals and suggested that microbial targets may have the potential to diminish insulin resistance and reduce the incidence of common metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.
Abstract: Insulin resistance is a forerunner state of ischaemic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Here we show how the human gut microbiome impacts the serum metabolome and associates with insulin resistance in 277 non-diabetic Danish individuals. The serum metabolome of insulin-resistant individuals is characterized by increased levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which correlate with a gut microbiome that has an enriched biosynthetic potential for BCAAs and is deprived of genes encoding bacterial inward transporters for these amino acids. Prevotella copri and Bacteroides vulgatus are identified as the main species driving the association between biosynthesis of BCAAs and insulin resistance, and in mice we demonstrate that P. copri can induce insulin resistance, aggravate glucose intolerance and augment circulating levels of BCAAs. Our findings suggest that microbial targets may have the potential to diminish insulin resistance and reduce the incidence of common metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.
1,309 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a construction that yields a class of translation invariant states on quantum spin chains, characterized by the property that the correlations across any bond can be modeled on a finite-dimensional vector space.
Abstract: We study a construction that yields a class of translation invariant states on quantum spin chains, characterized by the property that the correlations across any bond can be modeled on a finite-dimensional vector space. These states can be considered as generalized valence bond states, and they are dense in the set of all translation invariant states. We develop a complete theory of the ergodic decomposition of such states, including the decomposition into periodic “Neel ordered” states. The ergodic components have exponential decay of correlations. All states considered can be obtained as “local functions” of states of a special kind, so-called “purely generated states,” which are shown to be ground states for suitably chosen finite range VBS interactions. We show that all these generalized VBS models have a spectral gap. Our theory does not require symmetry of the state with respect to a local gauge group. In particular we illustrate our results with a one-parameter family of examples which are not isotropic except for one special case. This isotropic model coincides with the one-dimensional antiferromagnet, recently studied by Affleck, Kennedy, Lieb, and Tasaki.
1,308 citations
Authors
Showing all 61602 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Eugene Braunwald | 230 | 1711 | 264576 |
Joseph L. Goldstein | 207 | 556 | 149527 |
Rakesh K. Jain | 200 | 1467 | 177727 |
Stefan Schreiber | 178 | 1233 | 138528 |
Masayuki Yamamoto | 171 | 1576 | 123028 |
Jun Wang | 166 | 1093 | 141621 |
David R. Jacobs | 165 | 1262 | 113892 |
Klaus Müllen | 164 | 2125 | 140748 |
Peter Carmeliet | 164 | 844 | 122918 |
Hua Zhang | 163 | 1503 | 116769 |
William J. Sandborn | 162 | 1317 | 108564 |
Elliott M. Antman | 161 | 716 | 179462 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
Ian A. Wilson | 158 | 971 | 98221 |
Johan Auwerx | 158 | 653 | 95779 |