Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz

About: Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz is a education organization based out in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Luminescence. The organization has 1109 authors who have published 2923 publications receiving 19548 citations. The organization is also known as: Casimir the Great University & Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy.

Acoustic wave propagation in equivalent fluid macroscopically inhomogeneous materials.

Abstract: A one-dimensional problem of propagation of plane harmonic wave in macroscopically inhomogeneous materials is analyzed. A general description is proposed for the material of the equivalent fluid type characterized locally by two acoustical parameters: the wavenumber and the acoustical impedance. The coupled system of ordinary differential equations for amplitudes of forward and backward waves is derived. As an example the problem of wave interaction with a layer of inhomogeneous material placed between two homogeneous halfspaces is considered. The analytical solution and explicit expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained. It is shown that the presence of the inhomogeneous transition layer causes strong frequency dependence on both coefficients.

Analysis of martial arts athletes’ goniometric indicators

Abstract: Цель : сравнительный анализ гониометрических показателей суставов конечностей атлетов единоборств; изучение влияния уровня мастерства на амплитуду движений у атлетов кик-боксинга. Материал : обследованы атлеты единоборств, студентов и учащихся (n=29). Участники разделены на 2 группы. 1 группа - 18 атлетов кик-боксинга, возраст (17,44±0,34) лет. 2 группа - 11 борцов, возраст (18,45±0,39) лет. 1 группа была разделена на две подгруппы. 1а подгруппа - 9 атлетов, возраст (18,22±0,52) лет, уровень мастерства - кандидаты и мастера спорта. 1б подгруппа - 9 атлетов, возраст (16,67±0,24) года, уровень мастерства от новичков до 1 разряда включительно. Определяли амплитуды движения в лучезапястном, локтевом, плечевом, тазобедренном, коленном и голеностопном суставах. Результаты : подтверждены отличия гониометрических показателей суставов конечностей атлетов единоборств. Установлено определенное влияние уровня мастерства на амплитуду движений у атлетов кик-боксинга. Установленные отличия четко отражают специфику видов спорта. У борцов была выше амплитуда движения лучезапястного сустава, что определяет качественный захват в схватке. У кик-боксеров была увеличена амплитуда сгибания правого локтевого сустава и движений в плечевых суставах. Это позволяет достигнуть качественного и сильного удара. Близость гониометрических показателей у атлетов кик-боксинга разного уровня мастерства подтверждает одинаковую направленность подготовки. Постоянство поддержания боевой стойки обусловливает уменьшение амплитуды приведения в правом лучезапястном суставе и отведения в левом плечевом суставе у опытных атлетов. Выводы : Увеличение отведения правого тазобедренного сустава и уменьшение сгибания в левом коленном суставе иллюстрируют особенности нанесения ударов, оптимизацию их техники у опытных атлетов. Возрастание стажа тренировок приводит к развитию рабочей асимметрии движений в суставах.

Could the vulnerable great Capricorn beetle benefit from the introduction of the non-native red oak?

Abstract: Introduced plants are often identified as the major conservation concern worldwide, however, they also may offer conservation benefits, among others, provide habitat and/or food resources to protected animals. Here we aimed to assess the ability of the great Capricorn beetle Cerambyx cerdo, a highly specialised species associated with mature oaks, to use non-native red oak Quercus rubra as a host plant. To test which factors influenced oak colonisation, we surveyed native and non-native oaks in ‘Nowosolska Dolina Odry’, a site within the ‘Natura 2000’ network (Western Poland). The beetle was detected in 34 native oaks (10.9% of examined trees), demonstrating clear preferences for trees in a more open environment. Comparison of observed numbers of occupied oaks and values expected from their random colonisation showed that C. cerdo avoided non-native red oaks. Logistic regression revealed that variables with the greatest predictive importance for C. cerdo occurrence were canopy extent around the tree and trunk diameter, followed by an autocovariate (distance-weighted number of occupied trees in the neighbourhood of the target tree). Oak species was a poor predictor of tree occupancy, however, it added considerably to the predictive capability of the models when combined with the remaining variables. We argue that physicochemical properties of the wood and/or phloem and structure of the cortex may also influence colonisation of trees. Our results do not provide arguments for the introduction of non-native oaks to benefit C. cerdo. Instead, we recommend maintaining semi-open conditions around host trees and high density of old oaks in the landscape.

Epiphytic invertebrate patterns in coastal lakes along a gradient of salinity and water exchange with the sea

Abstract: The species composition and abundance of epiphytic fauna inhabiting common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) was performed in five coastal lakes in Slowinski National Park (southern Baltic coast in northern Poland). The lakes represent a salinity gradient (from freshwater to β-oligohaline waters) and four types of coastal lakes: (1) lagoon, L (Lake Łebsko, seawater enters it permanently); (2) coastal lake with periodically brackish water, CLB (Lake Gardno); (3) freshwater costal lake, CLF (Lake Smoldzinskie); and (4) coastal dune lakes, CLD (Dolgie Wielkie and Dolgie Male). Using statistical ordination techniques, we found that the structure of epiphytic fauna (microinvertebrates and macroinvertebrates) is determined primarily by hydrological connectivity (water exchange) with the sea. Canonical Correspondence Analysis, coupled with variance partitioning, showed that hydrological connectivity accounted for 24% of the variation in the invertebrate community, followed by physico-chemical (19%) and trophic (8%) factors. Our results indicate that the assemblages of Ciliata-libera and Cnidaria are characteristic for L (β-oligohaline), Rotifera, Suctoria, Chaetogaster sp., Gastropoda and Trichoptera are characteristic for CLB (limnetic/β-oligohaline), but no taxonomic groups are characteristic for CLF and CLD (both limnetic). The index of multivariate dispersion showed a decreasing trend with the increasing lake isolation from the open sea, except for CLD. However, in terms of the structure of epiphytic fauna, Multi-Response Permutation Procedures showed that CLD significantly differed only from CLB. Our results suggest that the identified characteristic taxonomic groups of plant-associated macroinvertebrates have a high potential to be used as bioindicators of salinity and water exchange with the sea, due to their sensitivity to environmental stress.

Electron paramagnetic resonance and raman spectroscopy characterization of diamond films fabricated by HF CVD method

Abstract: Thin polycrystalline diamond films were synthesized on silicon substrate by Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HF CVD) technique from a mixture of hydrogen and different content of methyl alcohol. A comparative study on the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), Raman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were performed. It was shown that EPR signal, Raman spectra and morphology, studied by SEM, strongly depend on the ratio of CH3OH/H2 in the HF CVD reactor. The peak-to-peak line-width in EPR signal varies from 0.09 to 0.8 mT depending on diamond quality. The Raman spectra of our diamond film showed, except well defined diamond Raman lines positioned at 1332 cm-1 with different Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), a broad band having maximum at around 1530 cm-1 which is characteristic for amorphous carbon phase. The obtained results show that EPR, SEM and Raman spectroscopy yield complementary results about the defects present in CVD diamond films. (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)