Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz

About: Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz is a education organization based out in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Luminescence. The organization has 1109 authors who have published 2923 publications receiving 19548 citations. The organization is also known as: Casimir the Great University & Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy.

Hepatitis E virus in wild boar in northwest Poland: sensitivity of methods of detection.

Abstract: In northwest Poland, 163 blood and 53 fecal samples of wild boars were collected in winter 2012/13 and 2013/14. All blood samples were tested for the presence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) ribonucleic acid (RNA) by two reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based methods and by anti-HEV IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). About 17.2% of blood samples were seropositive. One-step nested RT-PCR turned out to be too insensitive (11.6% were positive). Therefore a two-step nested RT-PCR was applied where 25.8% of the blood samples were tested positive for HEV RNA. About 50.0% of blood samples positive in ELISA were also positive in two-step nested RT-PCR. The prevalence of HEV RNA in feces was 9.4%. Based on the results of blood (ELISA, PCR) and fecal (PCR) tests, the overall prevalence of HEV in wild boars in northwest Poland was 36.8%. There was no correlation between the ELISA results and the presence of HEV RNA in plasma or in feces. According to the sequencing results of 348 bp PCR products of HEV, there were four different subtypes identified. Reports on the prevalence of HEV in wild boar populations are varying due to different sensitivities of the detection methods. However, this study reveals based on a highly sensitive method that HEV is widely spread in wild boar populations in the northwestern region of Poland and posing a potential risk to the consumer of game meat.

Death Zone Weather Extremes Mountaineers Have Experienced in Successful Ascents.

Abstract: (1) Background: Few data are available on mountaineers’ survival prospects in extreme weather above 8000 m (the Death Zone). We aimed to assess Death Zone weather extremes experienced in climbing-season ascents of Everest and K2, all winter ascents of 8000 m peaks (8K) in the Himalayas and Karakoram, environmental records of human survival, and weather extremes experienced with and without oxygen support. (2) Material and Methods: We analyzed 528 ascents of 8K peaks: 423 non-winter ascents without supplemental oxygen (Everest–210, K2–213), 76 ascents in winter without oxygen, and 29 in winter with oxygen. We assessed environmental conditions using the ERA5 dataset (1978–2021): barometric pressure (BP), temperature (Temp), wind speed (Wind), wind chill equivalent temperature (WCT), and facial frostbite time (FFT). (3) Results: The most extreme conditions that climbers have experienced with and without supplemental oxygen were: BP 320 hPA (winter Everest) vs 329 hPa (non-winter Everest); Temp –41 °C (winter Everest) vs –45 °C (winter Nanga Parbat); Wind 46 m·s−1 (winter Everest) vs 48 m·s−1 (winter Kangchenjunga). The most extreme combined conditions of BP ≤ 333 hPa, Temp ≤ − 30 °C, Wind ≥ 25 m·s−1, WCT ≤ − 54 °C and FFT ≤ 3 min were encountered in 14 ascents of Everest, two without oxygen (late autumn and winter) and 12 oxygen-supported in winter. The average extreme conditions experienced in ascents with and without oxygen were: BP 326 ± 3 hPA (winter Everest) vs 335 ± 2 hPa (non-winter Everest); Temp – 40 ± 0 °C (winter K2) vs – 38 ± 5 °C (winter low Karakoram 8K peaks); Wind 36 ± 7 m·s−1 (winter Everest) vs 41 ± 9 m·s−1 (winter high Himalayan 8K peaks). (4) Conclusions: 1. The most extreme combined environmental BP, Temp and Wind were experienced in winter and off-season ascents of Everest. 2. Mountaineers using supplemental oxygen endured more extreme conditions than climbers without oxygen. 3. Climbing-season weather extremes in the Death Zone were more severe on Everest than on K2. 4. Extreme wind speed characterized winter ascents of Himalayan peaks, but severely low temperatures marked winter climbs in Karakoram.

Features of functional support of competitive activity in sports dance given the differences prepared by partners

Abstract: Purpose - to determine the specifics of the functionality of the dancers with the differences of partners. The study involved 24 dancers. They were 12 couples - men aged 22.8 ± 5 years and women aged 21.3 ± 4.2 years. We measured the performance VO 2, pulmonary ventilation and lactate concentrations. The evaluation was conducted on the basis of the maximum levels of VO 2, pulmonary ventilation, HR, and blood lactate concentrations. In the simulation of competitive activity in the majority of dancers reported high rates of reaction of the cardiorespiratory system, the aerobic and anaerobic energy supply. The rate of accumulation of acidemia shifts remained stable and high in all athletes. This leads to reduced efficiency and accumulation of fatigue. Differences dynamics of functional maintenance of the increase in the integrated assessment of preparedness in pairs. In most pairs of marked differences in their dynamics and consequently differences in the structure of reactive properties. It is shown that this affects the implementation of the existing operational capacity and efficiency of competitive activity in general.