Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz

About: Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz is a education organization based out in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Luminescence & Population. The organization has 1109 authors who have published 2923 publications receiving 19548 citations. The organization is also known as: Casimir the Great University & Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy.

Microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment as a new and highly efficient way to cellulosic ethanol production from maize distillery stillage

Abstract: Aim of the study was to assess the suitability of the combined use of microwave radiation and sodium cumene sulfonate under optimized process conditions for the preparation of maize stillage biomass as a raw material for the production of cellulosic ethanol The key parameter guaranteeing a high level of lignin removal from biomass (ca 44%) was concentration of hydrotrope Even at high biomass concentration (16% w/v) and a cellulase enzyme dose of about 4 filter-paper units/g, maize stillage biomass subjected to microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment was highly susceptible to enzymatic degradation, which resulted in 80% hydrolysis yield It is possible to obtain a fermentation medium with a very high glucose concentration (up to 80 g/L), without fermentation inhibitors and, as a consequence, to reach a very high level of sugar conversion to ethanol (concentration above 40 g/L), even as much as 95% of theoretical yield Microwave hydrotropic treatment with sodium cumene sulfonate is a very effective way to prepare waste maize stillage biomass for the production of cellulosic ethanol The degradation of the lignocellulose structure by the simultaneous use of microwaves and hydrotropes ensured a high degree of conversion of structural polysaccharides to bioethanol The method provides a high level of enzymatic degradation of cellulose, leading to a medium with high content of released sugars suitable for bioconversion, which is in line with assumptions of the second-generation ethanol production technology KEY POINTS: • Microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment is a new way to cellulosic ethanol production • Microwave-assisted hydrotropic delignification removes 44% of lignin from biomass • No fermentation inhibitors are obtained after microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment • High ethanol concentration (above 40 g/L) and fermentation yield (95% of theoretical yield) from biomass after microwave-assisted hydrotropic pretreatment

Natural joints: Boundary lubrication and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).

Abstract: The paper shows that osteoporosis (OA) changes the SF content and the lipid profile substantially. To estimate the implication of the lipid environment in case the articular cartilage (AC) changes, we measured friction coefficient normal samples, with early and late stages of (OA). During joint inflammation and osteoarthritis, enzymatically activated β2-Glycoprotein I is transformed into antibody conformation. Our hypothesis about cartilage degradation of PL bilayers by antibodies (β2-Glycoprotein I) is considering antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which was not discussed in the literature before. Deactivated PL molecule has no ability to form bilayers, lamellar phases, and liposomes. The phospholipid content in synovial fluid (SF) during joint inflammation, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis is significantly higher (2-3 times) above the normal concentration of PL, and has a poor boundary-lubricating ability is deactivated.

Phenological match drives pollen-mediated gene flow in a temporally dimorphic tree

Abstract: Variation in flowering phenology is common in natural populations, and is expected to be, together with inter-mate distance, an important driver of effective pollen dispersal. In populations composed by plants with temporally separated sexual phases (i.e. dichogamous or heterodichogamous populations), pollen-mediated gene flow is assumed to reflect phenological overlap between complementary sexual phases. In this study, we conducted paternity analyses to test this hypothesis in the temporally dimorphic tree Acer opalus. We performed spatially explicit analyses based on categorical and fractional paternity assignment, and we included tree size, pairwise genetic relatedness and morph type as additional predictors. Because differences between morphs in flowering phenology may also influence pollination distances, we allowed for separate pollen dispersal kernels for the two morphs. Extended phenological overlap between male and female phases (mainly associated with inter-morph crosses) resulted in higher siring success after accounting for the effects of genetic relatedness, morph type and tree size, while reduced phenological overlap (mainly associated with intra-morph crosses) resulted in longer pollination distances achieved. Siring success also increased in larger trees. Mating patterns could not be predicted by phenology alone. However, as heterogeneity in flowering phenology was the single morph-specific predictor of siring success, it is expected to be key in maintaining the temporal dimorphism in Acer opalus, by promoting not only a prevalent pattern of inter-morph mating, but also long-distance pollination resulting from intra-morph mating events. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Successfulness of general and special physical qualities’ development on different stage of students-boxers’ training

Abstract: Purpose : to study indicators of general and special physical condition on different stages of macro-cycle training. Material : in testing qualified boxers - 28 sportsmen - participated. Characteristics of general and special fitness were registered. Results : it was found that structure of general and special physical qualities can be described by 9 factors, explaining about 80% of total sample variance. It was also determined that factorial structure of general and special physical fitness indicators does not change depending on stages of trainings. At every of the tested stages the marked out factors do not depend on each other. These factors are separate necessary sides of training. It was found that on general preparation stage of training these factors characterize sides of fitness: effectiveness of punches of strong and weak arms; special speed and power endurance; general endurance and strength of muscles (hands’ flexors); specific sensor-motor reaction; condition of upper girdle muscles; general speed and power endurance; speed of punch movement. Conclusions : when distributing training means and loads it is necessary to uniformly doze correlation of means for all marked out factors. It ensures growth of boxers’ spots results.

Verbal fluency in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy

Abstract: Cognitive decline caused by chemotherapy used in the treatment of malignant diseases was reported in several studies. ICCTF recommends the diagnosis of cognitive function in patient treated with chemotherapy. One of the suggested method is Verbal Fluency Test (VFT). Study was carried out on a group of 30 women with early breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and 29 healthy controls. The patients underwent neuropsychological assessment using VFT at three time points: T1: before chemotherapy, T2: mid-chemotherapy and T3: post-chemotherapy. The examination in healthy controls was conducted at the same time intervals. In phonetic fluency task patients produced more words at T2 compared to T1 (Z = 2.02; p < 0.05) and at T3 compared to T1, both patients (Z = 2.36; p < 0.05) and controls (Z = 2.57; p < 0.01). The patients scored lower than controls (Z = −2.04; p < 0.05) as well as on average cluster size in the same task (Z = −2.38; p < 0.05) at T3, while they scored higher on the number of phonetic switches at T2 compared to T1 (Z = 2.62; p < 0.01) and at T3 compared to T1 (Z = 2.50; p < 0.01). In semantic task controls produced more words at T3 than at T1 (Z = 2.62; p < 0.01) and at T3 compared to T2 (Z = 2.89; p < 0.01) and semantic clusters at T3 compared to T2 (Z = 2.43; p < 0.05). In patients, number of clusters was smaller at T3 compared to T2 (Z = −2.85; p < 0.05), while number of semantic switches was higher at T3 than at T2 (Z = 3.05; p < 0.01). Patients scored also lower than controls on number of semantic switches at T2 (Z = −2.05; p < 0.05). Chemotherapy does not decrease verbal fluency, but it has a negative impact on semantic memory.