Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz

About: Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz is a education organization based out in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Luminescence. The organization has 1109 authors who have published 2923 publications receiving 19548 citations. The organization is also known as: Casimir the Great University & Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy.

Fuzzy System for the Classification of Sounds of Birds Based on the Audio Descriptors

Abstract: This paper presents an application of fuzzy systems for the classification of sounds coded by the selected MPEG-7 descriptors. The model of the fuzzy classification system is based on the audio descriptors for a few chosen species of birds: Great Spotted Woodpecker, Greylag, Goldfinch, Chaffinch. The paper proposes two fuzzy models that definitely differ by the description of the input linguistic variables. The results show, that both approaches are effective. However, second one is more flexible in a case of future expanding of the model with next descriptors or species of birds.

Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Winter Rye Varieties Cultivated in Poland (2017-2019).

Abstract: Rye (Secale cereale L) is one of the most important cereals and is used in both the food and feed industries It is produced mainly in a belt extending from Russia through Poland to Germany Despite the great economic importance of this cereal, there is little research on rye contamination with mycotoxins In this study, the occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, monoacetoxyscirpenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, and zearalenone), as well as ochratoxin A, in 60 winter rye samples of four varieties (KWS Binntto, KWS Serafino, Dankowskie Granat and Farm Saved Seed) cultivated in three consecutive growing seasons in five different regions of Poland was determined using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and fluorescence detection Deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, and zearalenone had the highest occurrence in samples (90%, 63%, 57%, and 45% positive results, respectively) The mean concentrations of these analytes were 288 µg/kg (maximum 3541 µg/kg), 098 µg/kg (maximum 663 µg/kg), 298 µg/kg (maximum 298 µg/kg), and 069 µg/kg (maximum 102 µg/kg), respectively The mean concentrations for individual mycotoxins were highest in the 2016/2017 growing season In the 2016/2017 growing season, at least two mycotoxins were detected in 95% of the samples, while in the 2018/2019 growing season, 70% of samples contained one or no mycotoxins The frequencies of mycotoxin occurrence in different rye varieties were similar Although a high frequency of mycotoxin occurrence was noted (especially deoxynivalenol), their concentrations were low, and none of the analyzed rye samples exceeded the maximum acceptable mycotoxin level set by the European Commission

Influence of drought and salt stress on the growth of young Populus nigra ‘Italica’ plants and associated mycorrhizal fungi and non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes

Abstract: Populus nigra ‘Italica’ (Lombardy poplar) is a breeding cultivar of black poplar, widely used as a street tree or windbreak, often exposed to salinity and limited water availability. Populus roots can develop dual mycorrhizal associations with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and with non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes (FE). The symbiotic fungi may alleviate the effects of adverse environmental conditions. We investigated the performance (growth and symbiotic associations) of one-year-old Populus nigra ‘Italica’ grown from woody cuttings in soil from natural poplar habitat and subjected to water scarcity and soil salinity (50 mM NaCl, 150 mM NaCl, 250 mM NaCl). With increasing soil salinity, a decrease in the growth parameters of the aboveground parts of the poplar plantlets and their fine roots were found; however, the roots were more resistant to the stress factors analyzed than the shoots. ECMF, AMF, and non-mycorrhizal FE were all tolerant to increased salt levels in the soil, and the ECM abundance was significantly higher under conditions of mild salinity (50 mM NaCl, 150 mM NaCl) compared to the control plants and those treated with 250 mM NaCl. Our results indicated that enhanced soil salinity increased the content of sodium and chlorine in leaves, but did not affect significantly the concentrations potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, or nitrogen. Significant accumulation of proline in leaves suggest salt stress of P. nigra ‘Italica’ treated with 250 mM NaCl and contribution of proline to the plant defense reactions.