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Institution

Keele University

EducationNewcastle-under-Lyme, United Kingdom
About: Keele University is a education organization based out in Newcastle-under-Lyme, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Stars. The organization has 11318 authors who have published 26323 publications receiving 894671 citations. The organization is also known as: Keele University.
Topics: Population, Stars, Health care, Galaxy, Planet


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ca2+ is used in inner hair cells primarily for fast phase-locked synaptic transmission, whereas Ca2+ may be involved in regulating the motor capability underlying cochlear amplification of the outer hair cell.
Abstract: Calcium buffers are important for shaping and localizing cytoplasmic Ca2+ transients in neurons. We measured the concentrations of the four main calcium-buffering proteins (calbindin-D28k, calretinin, parvalbumin-I±, and parvalbumin-I²) in rat cochlear hair cells in which Ca2+ signaling is a central element of fast transduction and synaptic transmission. The proteins were quantified by calibrating immunogold tissue counts against gels containing known amounts of each protein, and the method was verified by application to Purkinje cells in which independent estimates exist for some of the protein concentrations. The results showed that, in animals with fully developed hearing, inner hair cells had 1/10 of the proteinaceous calcium buffer of outer hair cells in which the cell body contained parvalbumin-I² (oncomodulin) and calbindin-D28k at levels equivalent to 5 mM calcium-binding sites. Both proteins were partially excluded from the hair bundles, which may permit fast unbuffered Ca2+ regulation of the mechanotransducer channels. The sum of the calcium buffer concentrations decreased in inner hair cells and increased in outer hair cells as the cells developed their adult properties during cochlear maturation. The results suggest that Ca2+ has distinct roles in the two types of hair cell, reflecting their different functions in auditory transduction. Ca 2+ is used in inner hair cells primarily for fast phase-locked synaptic transmission, whereas Ca2+ may be involved in regulating the motor capability underlying cochlear amplification of the outer hair cell. The high concentration of calcium buffer in outer hair cells, similar only to skeletal muscle, may protect against deleterious consequences of Ca2+ loading after acoustic overstimulation. Copyright © 2005 Society for Neuroscience.

182 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that the co-word method has now been developed to the point where its results are both quite robust and easily assimilable and is, accordingly, now an appropriate tool for policy analysis.
Abstract: This paper describes recent developments in the co-word method and illustrates, for the case of acid rain research, the way in which the method can be used to detect (a) the themes of research to be found in a given area of science, (b) the relationships between those themes, (c) the extent to which they are central to the area in question and (d) the degree to which they are internally structured. It is also suggested that the method may be used to draw comparative research profiles for different countries. Though the data used are only preliminiary, it is argued that the method has now been developed to the point where its results are both quite robust and easily assimilable. It is, accordingly, now an appropriate tool for policy analysis.

182 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Exposure of lipofuscin-fed cells to short wavelength visible light caused lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, loss of lysosomal integrity, cytoplasmic vacuolation, and membrane blebbing culminating in cell death.

181 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A survey of the academic literature suggests that there is a lack of research into the many gender dimensions of climate change as mentioned in this paper, which contributes to an unnecessarily narrow understanding of gender, a fixation on 'impacts' that are material and measurable, and the view of women in the developing world.
Abstract: Whereas the concepts of class, poverty and race make regular appearances in social scientific analyses of global climate change, the same cannot be said for gender. A survey of the academic literature suggests that there is a lack of research into the many gender dimensions of climate change. The small amount of gender-sensitive work that exists has been carried out by gender, environment and development (GED) researchers working for the UN and non-governmental organisations who focus almost exclusively on the material impacts of climate change on vulnerable women in the Global South. In this paper I make two arguments about the current state of research on gender and climate change. First, I argue that although the GED research makes many important contributions to our understanding of the politics of climate change, it also contributes to an unnecessarily narrow understanding of gender, a fixation on ‘impacts’ that are material and measurable, and the view of women in the developing world, particularly ...

181 citations


Authors

Showing all 11402 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
George Davey Smith2242540248373
Simon D. M. White189795231645
James F. Wilson146677101883
Stephen O'Rahilly13852075686
Wendy Taylor131125289457
Nicola Maffulli115157059548
Georg Kresse111430244729
Patrick B. Hall11147068383
Peter T. Katzmarzyk11061856484
John F. Dovidio10946646982
Elizabeth H. Blackburn10834450726
Mary L. Phillips10542239995
Garry P. Nolan10447446025
Wayne W. Hancock10350535694
Mohamed H. Sayegh10348538540
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202344
2022155
20211,473
20201,377
20191,178
20181,106