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Institution

Keele University

EducationNewcastle-under-Lyme, United Kingdom
About: Keele University is a education organization based out in Newcastle-under-Lyme, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Stars. The organization has 11318 authors who have published 26323 publications receiving 894671 citations. The organization is also known as: Keele University.
Topics: Population, Stars, Health care, Galaxy, Planet


Papers
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Book ChapterDOI
Hilary Hurd1
TL;DR: In this article, a host-parasite association succeeds only if the host survives long enough to enable the parasite to complete the particular phase of its life cycle and if a host population is able to persist in time.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the host–parasite interactions that provide new insights into the biochemistry, physiology, ethology, and ecology of the respective partners. This is, particularly, so in the case of parasitic infections of invertebrates for the following reasons: (i) the short generation time and large population size of many invertebrate hosts make them convenient models for study, and the need to understand the role of invertebrate vectors in the transmission cycles of parasitic disease is of particular relevance; and (ii) invertebrates are utilized by a variety of protozoan and helminth parasites as definitive or intermediate hosts in complex life cycles, some of which involve vertebrates. Using examples of parasitic protozoans, helminths, crustaceans, and insects in association with a wide range of invertebrate hosts, strategies, such as the synchronization of host–parasite life cycles, alteration of host growth rates, the impairment of host reproductive capacities, parasite establishment in hosts of different sexes, and alterations in host behavior are examined. A parasitic association succeeds only if the host survives long enough to enable the parasite to complete the particular phase of its life cycle and if the host population is able to persist in time. The mode and degree of integration of a variety of invertebrates and their parasites are also examined.

165 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Initial analyses suggest that the new empowerment measure meets basic psychometric criteria and reasons concerning the failure to confirm the hypothesized factor structure are discussed alongside further developments of the scale.
Abstract: Patient empowerment is viewed by policy makers and health care practitioners as a mechanism to help patients with long-term conditions better manage their health and achieve better outcomes. However, assessing the role of empowerment is dependent on effective measures of empowerment. Although many measures of empowerment exist, no measure has been developed specifically for patients with long-term conditions in the primary care setting. This study presents preliminary data on the development and validation of such a measure. We conducted two empirical studies. Study one was an interview study to understand empowerment from the perspective of patients living with long-term conditions. Qualitative analysis identified dimensions of empowerment, and the qualitative data were used to generate items relating to these dimensions. Study two was a cross-sectional postal study involving patients with different types of long-term conditions recruited from general practices. The survey was conducted to test and validate our new measure of empowerment. Factor analysis and regression were performed to test scale structure, internal consistency and construct validity. Sixteen predominately elderly patients with different types of long-term conditions described empowerment in terms of 5 dimensions (identity, knowledge and understanding, personal control, personal decision-making, and enabling other patients). One hundred and ninety seven survey responses were received from mainly older white females, with relatively low levels of formal education, with the majority retired from paid work. Almost half of the sample reported cardiovascular, joint or diabetes long-term conditions. Factor analysis identified a three factor solution (positive attitude and sense of control, knowledge and confidence in decision making and enabling others), although the structure lacked clarity. A total empowerment score across all items showed acceptable levels of internal consistency and relationships with other measures were generally supportive of its construct validity. Initial analyses suggest that the new empowerment measure meets basic psychometric criteria. Reasons concerning the failure to confirm the hypothesized factor structure are discussed alongside further developments of the scale.

164 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors extend the search for blue-shifted Fe XXV-XXVI K-shell absorption lines to a larger sample of radio-loud AGNs observed with XMM-Newton and Suzaku.
Abstract: Recent X-ray observations show absorbing winds with velocities up to mildly-relativistic values of the order of ~0.1c in a limited sample of 6 broad-line radio galaxies. They are observed as blue-shifted Fe XXV-XXVI K-shell absorption lines, similarly to the ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) reported in Seyferts and quasars. In this work we extend the search for such Fe K absorption lines to a larger sample of 26 radio-loud AGNs observed with XMM-Newton and Suzaku. The sample is drawn from the Swift BAT 58-month catalog and blazars are excluded. X-ray bright FR II radio galaxies constitute the majority of the sources. Combining the results of this analysis with those in the literature we find that UFOs are detected in >27% of the sources. However, correcting for the number of spectra with insufficient signal-to-noise, we can estimate that the incidence of UFOs is this sample of radio-loud AGNs is likely in the range f=(50+/-20)%. A photo-ionization modeling of the absorption lines with XSTAR allows to estimate the distribution of their main parameters. The observed outflow velocities are broadly distributed between v_out 10^22 cm^-2. Overall, these characteristics are consistent with the presence of complex accretion disk winds in a significant fraction of radio-loud AGNs and demonstrate that the presence of relativistic jets does not preclude the existence of winds, in accordance with several theoretical models.

164 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Quality assessment does not routinely occur in systematic reviews of observational studies and where it does occur, there is no clear consensus in the method used.

164 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: High levels of functional impairment and the presence of pain radiating to the leg have been cited as factors associated with a poor prognosis among primary care consulters with low back pain.
Abstract: Low back pain is a common problem affecting most adults at some point during their lifetime. At any one time, around 1 in 5 adults will report symptoms of low back pain, rising to 40% when asked if they have experienced symptoms during the previous month. The majority of people who experience an episode of low back pain will improve over time. However a sizeable proportion experience repeated episodes or recurrences, and some report continuous symptoms for many years. A wide range of factors are linked to both the onset and persistence of low back pain. Some studies have related age and gender to low back pain, but the link overall is equivocal. Work-related factors such as heavy lifting, and socio-demographic factors such as smoking and obesity have been linked with the onset of low back pain. High levels of functional impairment and the presence of pain radiating to the leg have been cited as factors associated with a poor prognosis among primary care consulters with low back pain. Other characteristics associated with both the development and the persistence of low back pain include psychological factors such as depression and anxiety and workplace factors such as job satisfaction. Low back pain places large demands on health, social and welfare systems. Further research is needed to identify practical interventions to reduce this burden from low back pain.

164 citations


Authors

Showing all 11402 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
George Davey Smith2242540248373
Simon D. M. White189795231645
James F. Wilson146677101883
Stephen O'Rahilly13852075686
Wendy Taylor131125289457
Nicola Maffulli115157059548
Georg Kresse111430244729
Patrick B. Hall11147068383
Peter T. Katzmarzyk11061856484
John F. Dovidio10946646982
Elizabeth H. Blackburn10834450726
Mary L. Phillips10542239995
Garry P. Nolan10447446025
Wayne W. Hancock10350535694
Mohamed H. Sayegh10348538540
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202344
2022155
20211,473
20201,377
20191,178
20181,106