Kent State University

About: Kent State University is a education organization based out in Kent, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Liquid crystal & Population. The organization has 10897 authors who have published 24607 publications receiving 720309 citations. The organization is also known as: Kent State & KSU.

Efficient catalytic removal of formaldehyde at room temperature using AlOOH nanoflakes with deposited Pt

Abstract: Mesoporous AlOOH with deposited Pt (Pt/AlOOH) catalyst was prepared by combining the microemulsion-assisted synthesis of AlOOH nanoflakes with NaBH4-reduction of Pt precursor, and exhibited a remarkable catalytic activity as well as stability for elimination of formaldehyde (HCHO) vapor at room temperature. As compared to Pt deposited on calcined AlOOH (Pt/AlOOH-c), Pt on a commercial Al2O3 (Pt/c-Al2O3) and Pt on P25 (Pt/TiO2), the Pt/AlOOH nanoflakes showed the highest catalytic activity toward decomposition of HCHO at room temperature. The excellent performance of Pt/AlOOH nanoflakes could be attributed to the abundance of surface hydroxyls, high dispersion of Pt nanoparticles, excellent adsorption performance of AlOOH, and its high specific surface area and large pore volume. The mechanism of HCHO decomposition was investigated with respect to the behavior of adsorbed intermediates on Pt/AlOOH surface at room temperature using in situ DRIFTS. The result suggests that surface formate is the main reaction intermediate during the HCHO oxidation and it could be directly oxidized to CO2 in the presence of O2. By taking advantage of high adsorption affinity of AlOOH nanoflakes and excellent catalytic activity of Pt nanoparticles toward HCHO it was possible to design a superior nanostructured catalyst for room temperature decomposition of HCHO. This strategy can be also used to fabricate novel nanostructured catalysts for advanced applications such as environmental remediation.

Development and Validation of a Response Bias Scale (RBS) for the MMPI-2

Abstract: This study describes the development of a Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) scale designed to detect negative response bias in forensic neuropsychological or disability assessment settings. The Response Bias Scale (RBS) consists of 28 MMPI-2 items that discriminated between persons who passed or failed the Word Memory Test (WMT), Computerized Assessment of Response Bias (CARB), and/or Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) in a sample of 1,212 nonhead-injury disability claimants. Incremental validity of the RBS was evaluated by comparing its ability to detect poor performance on four separate symptom validity tests with that of the F and F(P) scales and the Fake Bad Scale (FBS). The RBS consistently outperformed F, F(P), and FBS. Study results suggest that the RBS may be a useful addition to existing MMPI-2 validity scales and indices in detecting symptom complaints predominantly associated with cognitive response bias and overreporting in forensic neuropsychological and disability assessment settings.

Innovating in Digital Government in the American States

Abstract: Objective. The purpose of this research is to examine why some states have embraced digital government more extensively than others. Methods. Multivariate regression analysis is used to empirically test explanations for state innovation in e-government. The primary dependent variable is the percent of state-level government websites offering online services to citizens. Results. Republican-controlled legislatures are more likely to embrace e-government, implying that efficiency concerns may drive reliance on digital government. Innovators in e-government were states with fewer households with Internet access and less use of the initiative process, indicating that citizen demand was not a factor. More extensive use of e-government is also associated with legislative professionalization and professional networks—factors that may be useful for explaining the diffusion of other administrative reforms, and technical issues lacking political salience. Conclusions. These data suggest e-government implementation is driven by legislative professionalism and, to a lesser extent, state professional networks, rather than citizen demand. These indicators fit Lowi's (1972) conception of “constituent policy” as a top-down process, confined to administrative or legislative circles, compared to distributive, regulatory, and redistributive policy. We hypothesize that other administrative reforms, particularly those lacking political salience, may exhibit similar relationships with legislative professionalization and professional networks.

Retrograde amnesia for old (reactivated) memory: some anomalous characteristics

Abstract: Old memory, when reactivated by cue exposure, was disrupted by mild or deep hypothermia treatments. New memory was impaired only by deep cooling. Moreover, old but not new learning showed spontaneous recovery. Old reactivated memory may be qualitatively different from newly acquired memory.