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Institution

Kent State University

EducationKent, Ohio, United States
About: Kent State University is a education organization based out in Kent, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Liquid crystal & Population. The organization has 10897 authors who have published 24607 publications receiving 720309 citations. The organization is also known as: Kent State & KSU.


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Proceedings ArticleDOI
19 Apr 2006
TL;DR: The elements of Kansei testbed architecture are presented, including its hardware and software platforms as well as its hybrid simulation and sensor data generation engines.
Abstract: The Kansei testbed at the Ohio State University is designed to facilitate research on networked sensing applications at scale. Kansei embodies a unique combination of characteristics as a result of its design focus on sensing and scaling: (i) Heterogeneous hardware infrastructure with dedicated node resources for local computation, storage, data exfiltration and back-channel communication, to support complex experimentation, (ii) Time accurate hybrid simulation engine for simulating substantially larger arrays using testbed hardware resources, (iii) High fidelity sensor data generation and real-time data and event injection, (iv) Software components and associated job control language to support complex multi-tier experiments utilizing real hardware resources and data generation and simulation engines. In this paper, we present the elements of Kansei testbed architecture, including its hardware and software platforms as well as its hybrid simulation and sensor data generation engines.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Factor analysis of the Bell Object Relations Inventory items produced four subscales interpreted to be underlying dimensions of object relations, which appear to represent common features of personality and to sample a domain that is distinct from symptomatology, but related to variations in psychopathology.
Abstract: Factor analysis of the Bell Object Relations Inventory items produced four subscales interpreted to be underlying dimensions of object relations. Replication factor analysis confirmed the factor structure. Subscales had high internal consistency and were free of age, sex, or social desirability response bias. Subscales had low intercorrelations with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) sum scores, Global Assessment Scale scores, and most BPRS symptoms. Subscales appear to represent common features of personality and to sample a domain that is distinct from symptomatology, but related to variations in psychopathology. Percentage of high scoring subjects and subscale mean values are compared for seven criterion groups. High scores were least frequent among community active adults and most frequent among borderlines. Selected findings from the group comparisons are discussed to illustrate the potential of the instrument for empirical examination of theoretical assumptions about the object relations ego function and its components.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Teens who show higher levels of discounting of the future may be an important subgroup to identify at treatment onset, and youth with a greater tendency to discount the future might require different intervention strategies that address their impulsivity.
Abstract: The number of adolescents who were treated for primary marijuana abuse or dependence increased by over 300% from 1992 to 2007, and among adolescents admitted for substance abuse, the majority report marijuana as the primary drug of abuse (SAMHSA, 2009). An emerging literature indicates that adolescents in treatment for substance abuse have better outcomes than those not in treatment, and suggests that multiple types of individual and family based behavioral treatments hold promise (Waldron & Turner, 2008). While research evaluating the efficacy of treatment programs for adolescent substance use has increased in recent years, fewer studies have explored predictors of differential response to these treatment programs. Decision-making is one factor relevant to all treatment programs, as drug use can be characterized as a choice between short-term consumption and long-term abstinence. Perhaps due to the under development of brain systems that are related to optimal decision making, adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to deficits in making decisions related to substance use (Casey, Jones, & Hare, 2008). In delay discounting tasks, participants are asked to choose between a series of immediate and delayed rewards. Choices that favor immediate rewards over future rewards and choices that favor future rewards over immediate rewards can be used to calculate participants' delay discounting rate (Mazur, 1987). Delay discounting rates have shown discriminative validity across a wide range of substance use disorders, with individuals who use drugs being more likely to make choices that favor immediate rewards than non-users (e.g., Bickel, Odum, & Madden, 1999; Coffey, Gudleski, Saladin, & Brady, 2003; Kirby, Petry, & Bickel, 1999). Few studies, however, have examined delay discounting in adults who use marijuana (Johnson et al., 2010) and none have examined delay discounting among adolescents who use marijuana. Prior studies have found that delay discounting rates are associated with level of tobacco use among adolescents. For example, adolescents with steeper rates of delay discounting exhibit higher rates of cigarette smoking than adolescents with shallow rates of delay discounting (Audrain-McGovern et al., 2004). Rates of delay discounting were higher for daily smokers compared to never-smokers (Reynolds, Patak, & Shroff, 2007). Furthermore, rates of delay discounting were not significantly different between adolescents who smoke infrequently and those who have never smoked (Reynolds, Karraker, Horn, & Richards, 2003). Recent work has found that delay discounting rates are also predictive of treatment outcomes for tobacco cessation. Delay discounting rates predicted successful abstinence among pregnant women regardless of treatment condition (Yoon et al., 2007) and among highly dependent lower SES cigarette smokers (Sheffer, et al., in press). Among adolescent smokers, steeper rates of delay discounting were related to less success in a smoking cessation treatment program (Krishnan-Sarin et al., 2007). Thus, rates of delay discounting may predict treatment outcomes independent of assigned treatment condition. Current Study Many substance abusing adolescents fail to respond to even the best evidence based treatment (Dennis et al., 2004). Understanding differential response to treatment is critical. The primary purpose of the current study was to examine pre-treatment rates of delay discounting as predictors of abstinence from marijuana use during treatment, over and above the effects of treatment condition. Adolescents were enrolled in a behavioral treatment intervention for marijuana abuse or dependence that compared three 14-week behavioral treatment programs. This study also examined magnitude ($100 vs. $1,000) and commodity (money vs. marijuana) effects on delay discounting and concurrent relations between measures of decision-making (i.e., delay discounting) and demographic and substance use variables at treatment onset.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The notion that damping and stiffness may be sensitive indices of hypotonia-the most common description of neuromuscular deficiency in Down's syndrome is promoted.
Abstract: Following Asatryan and Fei'dman (1965), two experiments were conducted to describe the so-called invariant mechanical properties underlying movement control in Down's syndrome and normal subjects. The invariant characteristic is a curve on a graph of joint torque versus joint angle. The task required subjects to maintain a steady joint angle against an external load (torque). Torque was systematically changed via partial unloading in order to obtain torque by length (joint angle) functions at three separate initial joint angles. Instructions required subjects "not to intervene" when unloading occurred in Experiment 1 and to "tense" their muscles prior to unloading in Experiment 2. Both normal and Down's syndrome groups revealed systematic torque by length functions that might be expected according to a simple mass-spring system model. Although the gross organization of movement in Down's syndrome subjects was nearly the same as normals, important differences between the two groups were found. Down's syndrome subjects revealed underdamped motions relative to normals (as shown by differences in the degree of oscillation about the final equilibrium position) and were less able to regulate stiffness (as shown by differences in slope of the torque by angle functions in Experiment 2). We promote the notion that damping and stiffness may be sensitive indices of hypotonia-the most common description of neuromuscular deficiency in Down's syndrome

177 citations


Authors

Showing all 11015 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Russel J. Reiter1691646121010
Marco Costa1461458105096
Jong-Sung Yu124105172637
Mietek Jaroniec12357179561
M. Cherney11857249933
Qiang Xu11758550151
Lee Stuart Barnby11649443490
Martin Knapp106106748518
Christopher Shaw9777152181
B. V.K.S. Potukuchi9619030763
Vahram Haroutunian9442438954
W. E. Moerner9247835121
Luciano Rezzolla9039426159
Bruce A. Roe8929576365
Susan L. Brantley8835825582
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202354
2022160
20211,121
20201,077
20191,005
20181,103