Kent State University

About: Kent State University is a education organization based out in Kent, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Liquid crystal & Population. The organization has 10897 authors who have published 24607 publications receiving 720309 citations. The organization is also known as: Kent State & KSU.

The Relationship Between Frontal Gray Matter Volume and Cognition Varies Across the Healthy Adult Lifespan

Abstract: Objective Age-associated decline in gray matter brain volume and cognitive function in healthy adults has been reported in the literature. The goal of the current study is to examine the relationship between age-related changes in regional gray matter volumes and cognitive function in a large, cross-sectional sample of healthy adults across the lifespan. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive assessment were conducted on 148 adults aged 21–76 years. Multiple regression analyses examining the effect of age were performed on magnetic resonance image-derived gray matter brain volumes and standardized cognitive summary scores of attention and executive function. Regression was also performed to test the effect of age, gray matter volumes, and their interaction on the prediction of cognitive performance. Results Age significantly predicted performance on tests of attention ( F [1, 146]=50.97, p 2 =0.26) and executive function ( F [1, 146]=126.19, p 2 =0.46) and gray matter volumes for frontal subregions (lateral, medial, orbital), hippocampus, amygdala, and putamen ( F [2, 145]=45.34–23.96, p Conclusions The findings confirm age-associated decline in cognitive function and gray matter volumes, particularly in anterior cortical brain regions. Furthermore, the association between lateral frontal gray matter volume and the ability to successfully plan, organize, and execute strategies varies as a function of age across the healthy adult lifespan.

The impact of resource loss and traumatic growth on probable PTSD and depression following terrorist attacks.

Abstract: The authors interviewed by phone 2,752 randomly selected individuals in New York City within 6 to 9 months after the attacks of September 11, 2001 on the World Trade Center, and 1,939 of these were reinterviewed at a 12- to 16-month follow-up. It was hypothesized that resource loss would significantly predict probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and probable depression since September 11, and that resource loss's impact would be independent of previously identified predictors relating to individuals' demographic characteristics, history of stressful event exposure, prior trauma history, peritraumatic experience, and social support. Second, it was predicted that reported traumatic growth would be related to greater, not lesser, psychological distress. The authors' findings supported their hypotheses for resource loss, but traumatic growth was unrelated to psychological outcomes when other predictors were controlled.

Concentration on curves for nonlinear Schrödinger Equations

Abstract: We consider the problem where p > 1, e > 0 is a small parameter, and V is a uniformly positive, smooth potential. Let Γ be a closed curve, nondegenerate geodesic relative to the weighted arc length ∫ΓVσ, where σ = (p + 1)/(p − 1) − 1/2. We prove the existence of a solution uϵ concentrating along the whole of Γ, exponentially small in e at any positive distance from it, provided that e is small and away from certain critical numbers. In particular, this establishes the validity of a conjecture raised in 3 in the two-dimensional case. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The Impact of Oil Price Shocks on the Stock Market Return and Volatility Relationship

Abstract: This paper examines the impact of structural oil price shocks on the covariance of U.S. stock market return and stock market volatility. We construct from daily data on return and volatility the covariance of return and volatility at monthly frequency. The measures of daily volatility are realized-volatility at high frequency (normalized squared return), conditional-volatility recovered from a stochastic volatility model, and implied-volatility deduced from options prices. Positive shocks to aggregate demand and to oil-market specific demand are associated with negative effects on the covariance of return and volatility. Oil supply disruptions are associated with positive effects on the covariance of return and volatility. The spillover index between the structural oil price shocks and covariance of stock return and volatility is large and highly statistically significant.

The use of mobile technologies to assist with life skills/independence of students with moderate/severe intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorders: considerations for the future of school psychology

Abstract: To successfully integrate technology into any educational program, practitioners need awareness of available technology, an understanding of how it can assist with instruction, knowledge of ways it can support day-to-day activities and, finally, the ability to teach students as well as educators to use the technology. The proliferation of advanced mobile technologies specifically targeting individuals with moderate to severe intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder means increased access to new tools and a greater need for educational service providers to be trained and ready to identify, recommend and deploy appropriate supports. The rapid rate of change in the technology industry is a formidable barrier to adequately preparing anyone except a technology specialist to be current on the latest advances. This article presents recommendations for school psychologists in terms of becoming familiar with the generally available technologies and the underlying instructional techniques rather than any specific technology products. Complete familiarity with all emergent technologies is improbable but through understanding the general ways technology can be used and the basic instructional practices, school psychologists will be better equipped to recommend further exploration of technological solutions for students.