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Institution

Kettering University

EducationFlint, Michigan, United States
About: Kettering University is a education organization based out in Flint, Michigan, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: RNA & Antigen. The organization has 6842 authors who have published 7689 publications receiving 337503 citations. The organization is also known as: GMI Engineering & Management Institute & General Motors Institute.
Topics: RNA, Antigen, DNA, Cancer, Population


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
22 Nov 1968-Science
TL;DR: The objective of the laboratory studies reviewed here is to contribute to an understanding of the factors and mechanisms leading to the disease and thereby to eliminate decisive factors.
Abstract: The epidemiologic evidence contributing to the conclusions of various review committees in regard to the association of cigarette smoking with cancer of the lung oral cavity larynx esophagus and bladder has been supported by extensive experimental data but such data fail to establish incontrovertibly a causal relationship between smoking and cancer in humans. The final proof can only be obtained from epidemiologic findings. The objective of the laboratory studies reviewed here is to contribute to an understanding of the factors and mechanisms leading to the disease and thereby to eliminate decisive factors. Attention is focused on some characteristics of tobacco smoke respiratory and skin carcinogenesis bladder carcinogenesis chemical data suspected bladder carcinogens chemical indicators for carcinogenicity reduction of tumorigenicity and problems of experimental tobacco carcinogenesis. Finally the laboratory experience needs to be evaluated in terms of human data. The epidemiologist needs to investigate the cancer risk among groups smoking different types of cigarettes and different blends of tobaccos. In instances where the epidemiologic experience is supported by the laboratory data both data and experience assume greater significance. In this respect the question may be asked to what extent alteration of tobacco smoke to reduce its tumorigenic potential as expressed by chemical indicators and reflected in bioassays can be of importance to humans. It is reasoned from dose-response studies on humans and on the experimental animal that a reduction in exposure to total smoke will be associated with a reduction in the risk of contracting those diseases associated with cigarette smoking. It may be assumed that a reduction in specific toxic and tumorigenic agents which causes a reduction of toxicity and tumorigenicity in assays with animals will similarly affect humans.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1967-Cancer
TL;DR: Continuous suspension cultures of seven lines of cells derived from the blood of seven patients with acute leukemia who had large numbers of circulating leukemic cells are described, finding that the cells resembled primitive blast forms morphologically, were highly motile, had diploid or near‐diploid modal numbers of chromosomes, and had doubling times of between 20 and 70 hours.
Abstract: Continuous suspension cultures of seven lines of cells derived from the blood of seven patients with acute leukemia who had large numbers of circulating leukemic cells are described. Three cultures have been growing for more than 18 months and the other four for more than six months. Two of the cultures were obtained from children with lymphoblastic leukemia and five from patients with myeloblastic or myelomonocytic leukemia. In one of the myelomonocytic cultures, after several weeks in vitro, some of the blasts originally present underwent partial differentiation into pseudoeosinophils; these later died out, to be replaced by continuously‐growing blasts. In all of the established cultures, the cells resembled primitive blast forms morphologically, were highly motile, had diploid or near‐diploid modal numbers of chromosomes, and had doubling times of between 20 and 70 hours.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Structural studies have elucidated mechanisms pertinent to Ub/Ubl conjugation, recognition, and deconjugation, highlighting essential steps during Ub/ Ubl modification that illustrate common and divergent mechanistic themes within this important process.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show that a complex of plastoquinone and Fe can act as the stable "primary" electron acceptor in photosystem II reaction centers and that the interaction of its singly reduced form with the reduced intermediary acceptor, Pheo([unk]), is responsible for the EPR doublet.
Abstract: Photoreduction of the intermediary electron acceptor, pheophytin (Pheo), in photosystem II reaction centers of spinach chloroplasts or subchloroplast particles (TSF-II and TSF-IIa) at 220 K and redox potential Eh = -450 mV produces an EPR doublet centered at g = 2.00 with a splitting of 52 G at 7 K in addition to a narrow signal attributed to Pheo[unk] (g = 2.0033, ΔH ≈ 13 G). The doublet is eliminated after extraction of lyophilized TSF-II with hexane containing 0.13-0.16% methanol but is restored by reconstitution with plastoquinone A (alone or with β-carotene) although not with vitamin K1. TSF-II and TSF-IIa are found to contain ≈2 nonheme Fe atoms per reaction center. Incubation with 0.55 M LiClO4 plus 2.5 mM o-phenanthroline (but not with 0.55 M LiClO4 alone) decreases this value to ≈0.6 and completely eliminates the EPR doublet, but photoreduction of Pheo is not significantly affected. Partial restoration of the doublet (about 25%) was achieved by subsequent incubation with 0.2 mM Fe2+, but not with either Mn2+ or Mg2+. The Fe removal results in the development of a photoinduced EPR signal (g = 2.0044 ± 0.0003, ΔH = 9.2 ± 0.5 G) at Eh = 50 mV, which is not observed after extraction with 0.16% methanol in hexane. It is ascribed to plastosemiquinone no longer coupled to Fe in photosystem II reaction centers. The results show that a complex of plastoquinone and Fe can act as the stable “primary” electron acceptor in photosystem II reaction centers and that the interaction of its singly reduced form with the reduced intermediary acceptor, Pheo[unk], is responsible for the EPR doublet.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
08 Jul 1983-Science
TL;DR: A single recessive mutation on mouse chromosome 17 causes an apparent deficiency of both lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities, and mice homozygous for this defect develop lethal hyperchylomicronemia within 2 days postpartum as a consequence of nursing.
Abstract: Two triglyceride lipases, lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase, participate in the metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. A single recessive mutation, cld, on mouse chromosome 17 causes an apparent deficiency of both lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities. Mice homozygous for this defect develop lethal hyperchylomicronemia within 2 days postpartum as a consequence of nursing. Plasma triglyceride values in affected mice often reach 20,000 milligrams per deciliter (100 times higher than that in normal littermates), and total lipase activity in plasma or tissues is 5 to 20 percent of that in controls.

104 citations


Authors

Showing all 6853 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Joan Massagué189408149951
Chris Sander178713233287
Timothy A. Springer167669122421
Murray F. Brennan16192597087
Charles M. Rice15456183812
Lloyd J. Old152775101377
Howard I. Scher151944101737
Paul Tempst14830989225
Pier Paolo Pandolfi14652988334
Barton F. Haynes14491179014
Jedd D. Wolchok140713123336
James P. Allison13748383336
Harold E. Varmus13749676320
Scott W. Lowe13439689376
David S. Klimstra13356461682
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20238
202216
2021211
2020234
2019204
2018225