King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

About: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Membrane. The organization has 6221 authors who have published 22019 publications receiving 625706 citations. The organization is also known as: KAUST.

Oxidative stress signaling to chromatin in health and disease.

Abstract: Oxidative stress has a significant impact on the development and progression of common human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, hypertension and neurodegenerative diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress globally influences chromatin structure, DNA methylation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic post-translational modifications of histones and DNA-binding proteins. The effects of oxidative stress on these chromatin alterations mediate a number of cellular changes, including modulation of gene expression, cell death, cell survival and mutagenesis, which are disease-driving mechanisms in human pathologies. Targeting oxidative stress-dependent pathways is thus a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. We summarize recent research developments connecting oxidative stress and chromatin regulation.

A highly flexible and washable nonwoven photothermal cloth for efficient and practical solar steam generation

Abstract: Solar-driven water evaporation is emerging as a promising solar-energy utilization process. In the present work, a highly stable, flexible and washable nonwoven photothermal cloth is prepared by electrospinning for efficient and durable solar steam evaporation. The cloth is composed of polymeric nanofibers as the matrix and inorganic carbon black nanoparticles encapsulated inside the matrix as light absorbing components. The photothermal cloth with an optimized carbon loading shows desirable underwater black properties, absorbing 94% of the solar spectrum and giving rise to a state-of-the-art solar energy utilization efficiency of 83% during the pure water evaporation process. Owing to its compositions and special structural design, the cloth possesses anti-photothermal-component-loss properties and is highly flexible, mechanically strong, and chemically stable in various harsh environments such as strong acid, alkalis, organic solvents and salty water. It can be hand-washed more than 100 times without degrading its performance and thus offers a potential mechanism for foulant cleaning during practical solar steam generation and distillation processes. The results of this work stimulate more research in durable photothermal materials aiming at real world applications.