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Institution

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

EducationJeddah, Saudi Arabia
About: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Membrane & Catalysis. The organization has 6221 authors who have published 22019 publications receiving 625706 citations. The organization is also known as: KAUST.
Topics: Membrane, Catalysis, Fading, Population, Combustion


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a hydrophobic, hydrothermally stable metal-organic framework (MOF) was successfully incorporated into the selective polyamide (PA) layer of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes for water desalination.

344 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that Caucasus hunter-gatherers (CHG) belong to a distinct ancient clade that split from western hunter- Gatherers ∼45 kya, shortly after the expansion of anatomically modern humans into Europe and from the ancestors of Neolithic farmers ∼25 KYa, around the Last Glacial Maximum.
Abstract: We extend the scope of European palaeogenomics by sequencing the genomes of Late Upper Palaeolithic (13,300 years old, 1.4-fold coverage) and Mesolithic (9,700 years old, 15.4-fold) males from western Georgia in the Caucasus and a Late Upper Palaeolithic (13,700 years old, 9.5-fold) male from Switzerland. While we detect Late Palaeolithic–Mesolithic genomic continuity in both regions, we find that Caucasus hunter-gatherers (CHG) belong to a distinct ancient clade that split from western hunter-gatherers ∼45 kya, shortly after the expansion of anatomically modern humans into Europe and from the ancestors of Neolithic farmers ∼25 kya, around the Last Glacial Maximum. CHG genomes significantly contributed to the Yamnaya steppe herders who migrated into Europe ∼3,000 BC, supporting a formative Caucasus influence on this important Early Bronze age culture. CHG left their imprint on modern populations from the Caucasus and also central and south Asia possibly marking the arrival of Indo-Aryan languages.

343 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: L-lactate induces the expression of plasticity genes such as Arc, c-Fos, and Zif268 in neurons through a mechanism involving NMDA receptor activity and its downstream signaling cascade Erk1/2, revealing a previously unidentified action of l- lactate as a signaling molecule for neuronal plasticity.
Abstract: L-lactate is a product of aerobic glycolysis that can be used by neurons as an energy substrate. Here we report that in neurons L-lactate stimulates the expression of synaptic plasticity-related genes such as Arc, c-Fos, and Zif268 through a mechanism involving NMDA receptor activity and its downstream signaling cascade Erk1/2. L-lactate potentiates NMDA receptor-mediated currents and the ensuing increase in intracellular calcium. In parallel to this, L-lactate increases intracellular levels of NADH, thereby modulating the redox state of neurons. NADH mimics all of the effects of L-lactate on NMDA signaling, pointing to NADH increase as a primary mediator of L-lactate effects. The induction of plasticity genes is observed both in mouse primary neurons in culture and in vivo in the mouse sensory-motor cortex. These results provide insights for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the critical role of astrocyte-derived L-lactate in long-term memory and long-term potentiation in vivo. This set of data reveals a previously unidentified action of L-lactate as a signaling molecule for neuronal plasticity.

342 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work proposes a design for an optical convolutional layer based on an optimized diffractive optical element and demonstrates in simulation and with an optical prototype that the classification accuracies of the optical systems rival those of the analogous electronic implementations, while providing substantial savings on computational cost.
Abstract: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) excel in a wide variety of computer vision applications, but their high performance also comes at a high computational cost. Despite efforts to increase efficiency both algorithmically and with specialized hardware, it remains difficult to deploy CNNs in embedded systems due to tight power budgets. Here we explore a complementary strategy that incorporates a layer of optical computing prior to electronic computing, improving performance on image classification tasks while adding minimal electronic computational cost or processing time. We propose a design for an optical convolutional layer based on an optimized diffractive optical element and test our design in two simulations: a learned optical correlator and an optoelectronic two-layer CNN. We demonstrate in simulation and with an optical prototype that the classification accuracies of our optical systems rival those of the analogous electronic implementations, while providing substantial savings on computational cost.

342 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: By increasing the size of the chalcogen atom (S < Se < Te), polymer band gaps are narrowed mainly due to LUMO energy level stabilization and the larger heteroatomic size also increases intermolecular heteroatom-heteroatom interactions facilitating the formation of polymer aggregates leading to enhanced field-effect mobilities of 1.6 cm(2)/(V s).
Abstract: The design, synthesis, and characterization of a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymers with different chalcogenophene comonomers (thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene) for use in field-effect transistors and organic photovoltaic devices are reported. The effect of the heteroatom substitution on the optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties and charge carrier mobilities of these polymers is discussed. The results indicate that by increasing the size of the chalcogen atom (S < Se < Te), polymer band gaps are narrowed mainly due to LUMO energy level stabilization. In addition, the larger heteroatomic size also increases intermolecular heteroatom–heteroatom interactions facilitating the formation of polymer aggregates leading to enhanced field-effect mobilities of 1.6 cm2/(V s). Bulk heterojunction solar cells based on the chalcogenophene polymer series blended with fullerene derivatives show good photovoltaic properties, with power conversion efficiencies ranging from 7.1–8.8%. A hi...

342 citations


Authors

Showing all 6430 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Jian-Kang Zhu161550105551
Jean M. J. Fréchet15472690295
Kevin Murphy146728120475
Jean-Luc Brédas134102685803
Carlos M. Duarte132117386672
Kazunari Domen13090877964
Jian Zhou128300791402
Tai-Shung Chung11987954067
Donal D. C. Bradley11565265837
Lain-Jong Li11362758035
Hong Wang110163351811
Peng Wang108167254529
Juan Bisquert10745046267
Jian Zhang107306469715
Karl Leo10483242575
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023141
2022371
20212,836
20202,809
20192,544
20182,251