Showing papers by "Kongu Engineering College published in 2018"

Recent Advances in Electrochemical Performances of Graphene Composite (Graphene-Polyaniline/Polypyrrole/Activated Carbon/Carbon Nanotube) Electrode Materials for Supercapacitor: A Review

Abstract: The latest trend in the direction of miniaturized portable electronic devices has brought up necessitate for rechargeable energy sources Among the various non conventional energy devices, the supercapacitor is the promising candidate for gleaning the energy Supercapacitor, as a new energy device that colligates the gap between conventional capacitors and batteries, it has attracted more attention due to its high power density and long cycle life Many researchers work on, synthesizing new electrode material for the development of supercapacitor The electrode material possesses salient structure and electrochemical properties exhibit the efficient performance of the supercapacitor Graphene has high carrier mobility, thermal conductivity, elasticity and stiffness and also has a theoretical specific capacitance of 2630 m2g− 1 corresponds to a specific capacitance of 550 Fg− 1 This article summarizes and reviews the electrochemical performance and applications of various graphene composite materials such as graphene/polyaniline, graphene/polypyrrole, graphene/metal oxide, graphene/activated carbon, graphene/carbon nanotube as an electrode materials towards highly efficient supercapacitors and also dealt with symmetric, asymmetric and hybrid nature of the graphene based supercapacitor

A study on kerf characteristics of hybrid aluminium 7075 metal matrix composites machined using abrasive water jet machining technology

Abstract: Metal matrix composites are difficult to machine in traditional machining methods. Abrasive water jet machining is a state-of-the art technology which enables machining of practically all engineeri...

Fuzzy integrated QFD, FMEA framework for the selection of lean tools in a manufacturing organisation

Abstract: Lean Manufacturing (LM) is a well-established system to improve performance of any manufacturing industry by eliminating wastes through globally accepted tools and techniques. Industries are trying to adapt lean principles in order to optimise the resources like people, equipment, material and schedule for being efficient in the competitive market. This paper proposes an integrated approach for selecting appropriate lean tools in reliable lean perspective to enhance these critical resources. The approach exercise a hybrid model which uses fuzzy QFD to prioritise the critical resources in relation with identified wastes and fuzzy FMEA to assess the risk associated with each sub elements to address lean implementation. For waste identification, plant layout and Value Stream Mapping are considered. The model is demonstrated based on the data collected from a manufacturing industry to illustrate the application. Significant improvements are quantified with the help of future state map and plant layout.

An Intelligent-Based Fault-Tolerant System for Solar-Fed Cascaded Multilevel Inverters

Abstract: This paper presents an intelligent-based fault-tolerant system for a solar photovoltaic (PV) inverter. Artificial neural network based controller is used to monitor, detect, and diagnose the faults in solar PV panels, battery, semiconductor switches, and inverters. The cascaded multilevel inverter is connected across the combination of solar PV panel and battery for dc–ac conversion. The major advantage of the proposed topology is that it can deliver power from source to the load even under fault and partial shaded conditions. The paper also reviews on various faults in the solar PV energy conversion process and provides suitable solutions for each circumstance. Simulations are undertaken in MATLAB 2016a/Simulink and experimental investigation is carried out for a 3 kWp solar PV system. The results have proven that the system is capable to deliver power in spite of faulty environments. The comparison and discussion of the results were made to show the effectiveness of the proposed system.

A Review on Biodegradable Polymeric Materials Striving Towards the Attainment of Green Environment

Abstract: Polymers are a chain of repeating monomers that can be either non-biodegradable or biodegradable with technical properties for a wide range of applications. The present scenario drives industries to develop new and eco-friendly materials to replace non-biodegradable materials to attain a clean and green environment. Significant research work has been carried out on the development of biocomposites based on biodegradable polymers and natural fibers. The review article addresses the wide range of biodegradable composites that are capable of undergoing degradation by various routes. Our main emphasis has been on the preparation and characterization of biocomposites, using various biodegradable polymers and natural fibers for wide applications like biomedical, packaging, aerospace, agriculture etc. It is clear that blending of reinforcing fibers and fillers with biodegradable polymers significantly enhanced the physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, thermal and biodegradation properties of the base matrix.

Evaluation of the potential of cassava-based residues for biofuels production

Abstract: Cassava is the third significant source of calories after rice and maize in tropical countries. The annual production of cassava crop is approximately 550 million metric tons (MMT) which generates about 350 MMT of cassava solid residues, including peel, bagasse, stem, rhizome, and leaves. Cassava peel, bagasse, stem, and rhizome can be exploited for solid, liquid and gaseous biofuels production. Biofuels production from cassava starch started in the 1970s and researchers are now extensively studying cassava residues like peel, bagasse, stem, rhizome, and leaves to unravel their applications in biofuels production. However, there are technical and economic challenges to overcome the problems existing in the production of biofuels from cassava-based residues. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the techniques used for biofuels production from various cassava-based residues.

Fabrication and characterisation of nanofibrous polyurethane scaffold incorporated with corn and neem oil using single stage electrospinning technique for bone tissue engineering applications

Abstract: In bone tissue engineering, the design of scaffolds with ECM is still challenging now-a-days. The objective of the study to develop an electrospun scaffold based on polyurethane (PU) blended with corn oil and neem oil. The electrospun nanocomposites were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and tensile strength. The assays activated prothrombin time (APTT), partial thromboplastin time (PT) and hemolysis assay were performed to determine the blood compatibility parameters of the electrospun PU and their blends of corn oil and neem oil. Further, the cytocompatibility studies were performed using HDF cells to evaluate their proliferation rates in the electrospun PU and their blends. The morphology of the electrospun PU blends showed that the addition of corn oil and corn/neem oil resulted in reduced fiber diameter of about 845 ± 117.86 nm and 735 ± 126.49 nm compared to control (890 ± 116.911 nm). The FTIR confirmed the presence of corn oil and neem oil in PU matrix through hydrogen bond formation. The PU blended with corn oil showed hydrophobic (112° ± 1) while the PU together with corn/neem oil was observed to hydrophilic (64° ± 1.732) as indicated in the measurements of contact angle. The thermal behavior of prepared PU/corn oil and PU/corn/neem oil nanocomposites were enhanced and their surface roughness were decreased compared to control as revealed in the AFM analysis. The mechanical analysis indicated the enhanced tensile strength of the developed nanocomposites (PU/corn oil - 11.88 MPa and PU/corn/neem oil - 12. 96 MPa) than the pristine PU (7.12 MPa). Further, the blood compatibility assessments revealed that the developed nanocomposites possess enhanced anticoagulant nature compared to the polyurethane. Moreover, the developed nanocomposites was non-toxic to red blood cells (RBC) and human fibroblast cells (HDF) cells as shown in the hemolytic assay and cytocompatibility studies. Finally, this study concluded that the newly developed nanocomposites with better physio-chemical characteristics and biological properties enabled them as potential candidate for bone tissue engineering.

Investigations on mechanical and tribological properties of Al-Si10-Mg alloy/sugarcane bagasse ash particulate composites

Abstract: Aluminum metal matrix composites are a new generation of metal matrix composites that have the potential of sustaining the emerging demand for advanced engineering applications. These demands were satisfied due to massive mechanical and tribological properties of the aluminum hybrid composite material. In this work, abundantly available agricultural waste product (i.e., sugarcane bagasse ash) was used as a reinforcement material in AlSi10Mg alloy to enhance the alloy material properties for their better accomplishment in industrial applications. Initially, the chemical composition of the sugarcane bagasse ash particles was analyzed using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy test, which revealed the presence of rich Silica content in the ash particles. Sugarcane bagasse ash particles of three different weight percentages (i.e., 6, 9, and 12%) are reinforced with aluminum alloy (AlSi10Mg) using stir casting process. The wear mechanisms and fractured morphology of the tensile tested specimen were ana...

Data clustering using K-Means based on Crow Search Algorithm

Abstract: Cluster analysis is one of the popular data mining techniques and it is defined as the process of grouping similar data. K-Means is one of the clustering algorithms to cluster the numerical data. The features of K-Means clustering algorithm are easy to implement and it is efficient to handle large amounts of data. The major problem with K-Means is the selection of initial centroids. It selects the initial centroids randomly and it leads to a local optimum solution. Recently, nature-inspired optimization algorithms are combined with clustering algorithms to obtain the global optimum solution. Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) is a new population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm. This algorithm is based on the intelligent behaviour of the crows. In this paper, CSA is combined with the K-Means clustering algorithm to obtain the global optimum solution. Experiments are conducted on benchmark datasets and the results are compared to those from various clustering algorithms and optimization-based clustering algorithms. Also the results are evaluated with internal, external and statistical experiments to prove the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.

IoT based field parameters monitoring and control in press shop assembly

Abstract: Monitoring plays a more vital role in cloud computing platforms to pledge the dependability of cloud computing structures. IoT based remote platform has the main advantage of unveiling communication ports and firewall when multi-user cloud service was tangled. The proposed work focuses on a multi-user remote system encompasses Raspberry Pi with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. In this paper, it is aimed to develop a web Monitor for the press shop assembly in an industrial environment to effectively monitor and control the field parameters. In the present work, IoT based industrial monitoring and control system is applied to collect pressure and temperature from a press shop assembly section in the industry and expected to shrink commercial hardware and software expenses, permitting online dispersal and unrestricted usage. The established Web-Remote Monitor can be operated by Internet-oriented computational hardware which retrieves acquired data from the cloud as charts and logs. The developed IoT based industrial remote monitoring and control system executes identifying and fine-tuning press shop assembly monitoring via isolated firmware running on the cloud. Thus, this approach exploits Embedded System with PIC which commqunicates with an industrialized cloud-centric server profile via Raspberry Pi based Python System, hence not entails dedicated computing devices.

Fixed-Bed Adsorption of Ranitidine Hydrochloride Onto Microwave Assisted—Activated Aegle marmelos Correa Fruit Shell: Statistical Optimization and Breakthrough Modelling

Abstract: In this study, the feasibility of using microwave-irradiated Aegle marmelos Correa fruit shell was investigated in a fixed-bed column towards sorptive removal of ranitidine hydrochloride (RH) from simulated aqueous solution. Characterizations of adsorbent such as SEM, point of zero charge, BET surface area, Boehm surface functional groups, thermal and elemental analysis were carried out. Box–Behnken response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the process parameters such as influent flow rate (2.5–4.5 ml min−1), initial RH concentration (100–200 mg l−1), adsorbent particle size (0.082–0.20 mm), and fixed-bed height (5–10 cm). The highest fixed-bed adsorptive removal of RH at optimum conditions viz. bed height 9.19 cm, initial RH concentration 184.94 mg l−1, flow rate 3.76 ml min−1 and adsorbent particle size 0.2 mm was estimated to be 72.86%. Fixed-bed adsorption experiments were carried out at optimum conditions obtained at different bed heights, and the data obtained were fitted into different kinetic models to predict the applicable breakthrough curve model. Dose–response model was observed to be the best suited model for mathematical description of RH removal in fixed-bed column studies over other selected models.

Preparation, characterization and blood compatibility assessment of a novel electrospun nanocomposite comprising polyurethane and ayurvedic-indhulekha oil for tissue engineering applications

Abstract: Electrospun polyurethane based nanocomposite scaffolds were fabricated by mixing with indhulekha oil. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) portrayed the nanofibrous nature of the composite and the average diameters of the composite scaffold were smaller than the pristine scaffolds. The fabricated scaffold was found to be hydrophobic (114°) due to the inclusion of indhulekha oil, which was displayed in contact angle measurement analysis. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated that the indhulekha oil was dispersed in PU matrix identified by formation of hydrogen bond and peak shifting of CH group. The PU/indhulekha oil nanocomposite exhibits a higher decomposition onset temperature and also residual weight percentage at 900°C was more compared to the pure PU. Surface roughness was found to be increased in the composite compared to the pristine PU as indicated by the atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. In order to investigate the blood compatibility of electrospun nanocomposites the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay, prothrombin time (PT) assay and hemolytic assay were performed. The blood compatibility results APTT and PT revealed that the developed nanocomposites demonstrated delayed clotting time indicating the anticoagulant nature of the composite in comparison with the pristine PU. Further, it was also observed that the hemolytic index of nanocomposites was reduced compared to pure PU suggesting the non-hemolytic nature of the fabricated scaffold. Hence, the fabricated nanocomposites might be considered as a potent substitute for scaffolding damaged tissue due to their inherent physicochemical and blood compatibility properties.

A Review on Possibilities of Hearing Loss and Implantable Hearing Devices for Teenagers

Abstract: In the current world, one of the most predominant issues identified from children to older adults is hearing loss and it turns the attention of research community. The people identified with permanent sensori-neural hearing loss are required to use amplification devices, which is the most manageable option for them. This study brings out the causes and effects of hearing loss among teenagers and older adults and discusses the current IoT enabled techniques which provide the solution for hearing loss.

Proactive Decision Making Based IoT Framework for an Oil Pipeline Transportation System

Abstract: In today’s modest production atmosphere, process diligences ultimatum a completely incorporated control along with optimization elucidation which can upsurge throughput, dependability, and superiority while diminishing cost. Due to the intricacy and interdisciplinary style of evolving engineering strategies and clarifications of upgraded security and performances, provides us an authoritative tool to accomplish computer-based data acquisition and virtual instrumentation, which leads to profligate becoming a standard rather than an exemption. The appearance of the industrial Internet of Things (IoT) architype served better platform for increasing the monitoring proficiencies by the usage of virtual and embedded based field sensors. Sensor-produced data can be utilized to envisage adverse situations when it deviates from the normal operating functions which enable operators to resolve and act proactively. Hence this paper points out the importance of IoT for an oil pipeline system with diverse monitoring condition as a pragmatic aspect in the transportation and also it emphasizes the framework outline for a smart oil field system with its necessity and its advance feature incorporated using the Internet of Things (IoT).

Experimental Validation of an Eleven Level Symmetrical Inverter Using Genetic Algorithm and Queen Bee Assisted Genetic Algorithm for Solar Photovoltaic Applications

Abstract: This paper presents an 11-level symmetrical inverter with reduced number of semiconductor switches for the solar photovoltaic (PV) applications. The genetic algorithm (GA) and queen bee assisted ge...

Refractive index sensor using dual core photonic crystal fiber – glucose detection applications

Abstract: The article reports the numerical analysis of refractive index sensor using dual core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) which is aided for the detection of glucose concentration contains in the blood samples of humans. The sensing mechanism is facilitated by tuning the coupling between the silica mode and analyte mode. The change in concentration of glucose is reflected as shifts in the transmission spectrum. The sensitivity is reported as 8333 n m / [ R I U ] for the samples variation as 10 g / l to 20 g / l with the function of resonance wavelength.

Process design and optimization of bioethanol production from cassava bagasse using statistical design and genetic algorithm.

Abstract: Bioethanol production from agro-industrial residues is gaining attention because of the limited production of starch grains and sugarcane, and food–fuel conflict. The aim of the present stu...

Improve Efficient Keywords Searching Data Retrieval Process in Cloud Server

Abstract: Over the past several decades there is an exceptionally large improvement in the computer technology which leads to an uncountable number of data and information emerging in and all over the world. Due to this tremendous and huge dump of data as well as web data most popular search engines are experiencing a lot of irrelevant retrieval of data. To distinguish a precise information pursuit furthermore to produce information that originates from anywhere. Too substantial to store on a search engine to such an extent that the PCs are associated with each other by the cloud search engine. Plan of search engines and its foundation grave is fundamentally focused. Search Engine Optimization is gathering of strategy and takes after by which any site can support positioning in internet searcher.

Bioconversion of cassava stem to ethanol: oxalic acid pretreatment and co-culture fermentation.

Abstract: The aim of this study is to maximize the bioethanol production from cassava stem using statistical design of experiments. Therefore, organic acid catalysis was employed as an alternative pretreatme...

Saliency-Based Image Compression Using Walsh–Hadamard Transform (WHT)

Abstract: Owing to the development of multimedia technology, it is mandatory to perform image compression, while transferring an image from one end to another. The proposed method directly highlights the salient region in WHT domain, which results in the saliency map with lesser computation. The WHT-based saliency map is directly used to guide the image compression. Initially, the important and less important regions are identified using WHT-based visual saliency model. It significantly reduces the entropy and also reserves perceptual fidelity. The main aim of the proposed method is to produce the high-quality compressed images with lesser computational effort and thereby achieving high compression ratio. Due to the simplicity and high speed of WHT, the proposed visual saliency-based image compression method is producing reliable results, in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), compression ratio, and structural similarity (SSIM), compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

Morphological, thermal, and blood-compatible properties of electrospun nanocomposites for tissue engineering application

Abstract: In this work, the morphological, thermal, and blood compatibility properties of prepared polyurethane (PU) and gandharvahasthadi eranda thailam (GHT) nanocomposites were investigated. Morphological and thermal characterization revealed reduced diameter, improved surface roughness, and higher thermal degradation compared to control. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) assay revealed that the fabricated nanocomposites displayed delayed blood clotting time owing to improved surface morphology. The hemolytic assay suggested that nanocomposites would be nonhemolytic material due to low hemolytic index of about 1.15% compared to pure PU (2.733%) portraying its safety with the red blood cells. Thus, the newly developed PU/GHT composite scaffold possessing better physicochemical and blood compatibility may be considered as a potential substitute scaffold for replacing damaged tissue. POLYM. COMPOS., 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

Isolated Offline Tamil Handwritten Character Recognition Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Abstract: In this paper, a Convolutional Neural Network architecture (ConvNet) for offline isolated Tamil character recognition is proposed. A first-ever attempt has been made to recognize all 247 characters in the Tamil text using 124 unique symbols. The proposed architecture contains two Convolutional layers and Two Fully Connected (FC) Layers with ReLu activation function. Softmax function is used in the final layer to compute the probability of the classes. The 9.6 million parameters of the network are randomly initialized using He initialization and fine-tuned using Nesterov Accelerated batch gradient descent optimization algorithm. Dropout regularization method has been used to avoid over-fitting of the network to the training data. A total of 98,992 image samples from IWFHR database are divided into 69% for training set (68,488), 20% for validation set (20,584) and 11% for test set (9920). Cross entropy loss has been used during the training phase to measure the loss and thereby update the parameters of the network. The network has achieved 88.2% training accuracy and 71.1% testing accuracy. The reason for reduction in the test accuracy is analysed. The source code and the dataset have been published for a quicker reproducibility of the result.

Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beams with SIFCON at Various Locations in the Beam

Abstract: This paper reports the flexural behaviour of conventional reinforced concrete beams with Slurry Infiltrated Fibrous Concrete (SIFCON) at various locations in the beam. Composite beams are cast with a layer of SIFCON at various locations of the conventional RC beam. Beams made entirely with RC, Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC) and SIFCON are also investigated for comparison. A total number of twenty one specimens corresponding to seven test series are cast and tested under two point flexural forward cyclic loading system. The parameters like load carrying capacity, stiffness degradation, ductility and energy absorption capacity are assessed. The concrete mix for RC beams are designed to obtain a concrete grade of M30. For SIFCON, the fibre volume fraction is 9%. The steel fibers used in the study are round crimped fibers having 0.5 mm diameter and aspect ratio of 60. Results indicate that the use of SIFCON in conventional RC beams have enhanced the cracking behavior in terms of considerable increase in the first crack load and in the formation of larger number of finer cracks. The ultimate load carrying capacity, stiffness, ductility and energy absorption capacity are increased to a greater extent for composite beams compared with that of conventional RC beams.