Institution
Korea University
Education•Seoul, South Korea•
About: Korea University is a education organization based out in Seoul, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Thin film. The organization has 39756 authors who have published 82424 publications receiving 1860927 citations. The organization is also known as: Bosung College & Bosung Professional College.
Topics: Population, Thin film, Catalysis, Large Hadron Collider, Cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Understanding the levels and trends of the leading causes of death and disability among children and adolescents is critical to guide investment and inform policies and give guidance to policy makers in countries where more attention is needed.
Abstract: Importance The literature focuses on mortality among children younger than 5 years. Comparable information on nonfatal health outcomes among these children and the fatal and nonfatal burden of diseases and injuries among older children and adolescents is scarce. Objective To determine levels and trends in the fatal and nonfatal burden of diseases and injuries among younger children (aged Evidence Review Data from vital registration, verbal autopsy studies, maternal and child death surveillance, and other sources covering 14 244 site-years (ie, years of cause of death data by geography) from 1980 through 2013 were used to estimate cause-specific mortality. Data from 35 620 epidemiological sources were used to estimate the prevalence of the diseases and sequelae in the GBD 2013 study. Cause-specific mortality for most causes was estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble Model strategy. For some infectious diseases (eg, HIV infection/AIDS, measles, hepatitis B) where the disease process is complex or the cause of death data were insufficient or unavailable, we used natural history models. For most nonfatal health outcomes, DisMod-MR 2.0, a Bayesian metaregression tool, was used to meta-analyze the epidemiological data to generate prevalence estimates. Findings Of the 7.7 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 7.4-8.1) million deaths among children and adolescents globally in 2013, 6.28 million occurred among younger children, 0.48 million among older children, and 0.97 million among adolescents. In 2013, the leading causes of death were lower respiratory tract infections among younger children (905 059 deaths; 95% UI, 810 304-998 125), diarrheal diseases among older children (38 325 deaths; 95% UI, 30 365-47 678), and road injuries among adolescents (115 186 deaths; 95% UI, 105 185-124 870). Iron deficiency anemia was the leading cause of years lived with disability among children and adolescents, affecting 619 (95% UI, 618-621) million in 2013. Large between-country variations exist in mortality from leading causes among children and adolescents. Countries with rapid declines in all-cause mortality between 1990 and 2013 also experienced large declines in most leading causes of death, whereas countries with the slowest declines had stagnant or increasing trends in the leading causes of death. In 2013, Nigeria had a 12% global share of deaths from lower respiratory tract infections and a 38% global share of deaths from malaria. India had 33% of the world’s deaths from neonatal encephalopathy. Half of the world’s diarrheal deaths among children and adolescents occurred in just 5 countries: India, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan, Nigeria, and Ethiopia. Conclusions and Relevance Understanding the levels and trends of the leading causes of death and disability among children and adolescents is critical to guide investment and inform policies. Monitoring these trends over time is also key to understanding where interventions are having an impact. Proven interventions exist to prevent or treat the leading causes of unnecessary death and disability among children and adolescents. The findings presented here show that these are underused and give guidance to policy makers in countries where more attention is needed.
486 citations
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TL;DR: The in vivo feasibility of using focused ultrasound (FUS) to transiently modulate the function of regional brain tissue in rabbits is demonstrated and it is anticipated that the use of this technology will have an impact on brain research and may offer novel therapeutic interventions in various neurological conditions and psychiatric disorders.
486 citations
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Vardan Khachatryan1, Robin Erbacher2, C. A. Carrillo Montoya3, Chang-Seong Moon4 +2123 more•Institutions (138)
TL;DR: In this paper, the diphoton decay mode of the recently discovered Higgs boson and measurement of some of its properties are reported using the entire dataset collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions during the 2011 and 2012 LHC running periods.
Abstract: Observation of the diphoton decay mode of the recently discovered Higgs boson and measurement of some of its properties are reported. The analysis uses the entire dataset collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions during the 2011 and 2012 LHC running periods. The data samples correspond to integrated luminosities of 5.1 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and 19.7 inverse femtobarns at 8 TeV. A clear signal is observed in the diphoton channel at a mass close to 125 GeV with a local significance of 5.7 sigma, where a significance of 5.2 sigma is expected for the standard model Higgs boson. The mass is measured to be 124.70 +/- 0.34 GeV = 124.70 +/- 0.31 (stat) +/- 0.15 (syst) GeV, and the best-fit signal strength relative to the standard model prediction is 1.14 +0.26/-0.23 = 1.14 +/- 0.21 (stat) +0.09/-0.05 (syst) +0.13/-0.09 (theo). Additional measurements include the signal strength modifiers associated with different production mechanisms, and hypothesis tests between spin-0 and spin-2 models.
486 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the transverse momentum spectra of neutral pions in the range 1 < p_T < 10 GeV/c and showed that the pi^0 multiplicity in central reactions is significantly below the yields measured at the same squarert(s_NN) in peripheral Au+Au and p+p reactions scaled by the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions.
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra of neutral pions in the range 1 < p_T < 10 GeV/c have been measured at mid-rapidity by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. The pi^0 multiplicity in central reactions is significantly below the yields measured at the same sqrt(s_NN) in peripheral Au+Au and p+p reactions scaled by the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions. For the most central bin, the suppression factor is ~2.5 at p_T = 2 GeV/c and increases to ~4-5 at p_T ~= 4 GeV/c. At larger p_T, the suppression remains constant within errors. The deficit is already apparent in semi-peripheral reactions and increases smoothly with centrality.
485 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a simple but robust microfluidic assay combining three-dimensional and two-dimensional (2D) cell culture is described, which can be applied to multiple cell types interacting over distances of <1 mm, thereby replicating many aspects of the in vivo microenvironment.
Abstract: This protocol describes a simple but robust microfluidic assay combining three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. The microfluidic platform comprises hydrogel-incorporating chambers between surface-accessible microchannels. By using this platform, well-defined biochemical and biophysical stimuli can be applied to multiple cell types interacting over distances of <1 mm, thereby replicating many aspects of the in vivo microenvironment. Capabilities exist for time-dependent manipulation of flow and concentration gradients as well as high-resolution real-time imaging for observing spatial-temporal single-cell behavior, cell-cell communication, cell-matrix interactions and cell population dynamics. These heterotypic cell type assays can be used to study cell survival, proliferation, migration, morphogenesis and differentiation under controlled conditions. Applications include the study of previously unexplored cellular interactions, and they have already provided new insights into how biochemical and biophysical factors regulate interactions between populations of different cell types. It takes 3 d to fabricate the system and experiments can run for up to several weeks.
483 citations
Authors
Showing all 40083 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Anil K. Jain | 183 | 1016 | 192151 |
Hyun-Chul Kim | 176 | 4076 | 183227 |
Yongsun Kim | 156 | 2588 | 145619 |
Jongmin Lee | 150 | 2257 | 134772 |
Byung-Sik Hong | 146 | 1557 | 105696 |
Daniel S. Berman | 141 | 1363 | 86136 |
Christof Koch | 141 | 712 | 105221 |
David Y. Graham | 138 | 1047 | 80886 |
Suyong Choi | 135 | 1495 | 97053 |
Rudolph E. Tanzi | 135 | 638 | 85376 |
Sung Keun Park | 133 | 1567 | 96933 |
Tae Jeong Kim | 132 | 1420 | 93959 |
Robert S. Brown | 130 | 1243 | 65822 |
Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin | 129 | 646 | 85630 |
Klaus-Robert Müller | 129 | 764 | 79391 |