Kumamoto University

About: Kumamoto University is a education organization based out in Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 19602 authors who have published 35513 publications receiving 901260 citations. The organization is also known as: Kumamoto Daigaku.

Surgical treatment of patients with acute cholecystitis: Tokyo Guidelines

Abstract: Cholecystectomy has been widely performed in the treatment of acute cholecystitis, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been increasingly adopted as the method of surgery over the past 15 years. Despite the success of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as an elective treatment for symptomatic gallstones, acute cholecystitis was initially considered a contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The reasons for it being considered a contraindication were the technical difficulty of performing it in acute cholecystitis and the development of complications, including bile duct injury, bowel injury, and hepatic injury. However, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now accepted as being safe for acute cholecystitis, when surgeons who are expert at the laparoscopic technique perform it. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been found to be superior to open cholecystectomy as a treatment for acute cholecystitis because of a lower incidence of complications, shorter length of postoperative hospital stay, quicker recuperation, and earlier return to work. However, laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis has not become routine, because the timing and approach to the surgical management in patients with acute cholecystitis is still a matter of controversy. These Guidelines describe the timing of and the optimal surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis in a question-and-answer format.

Origins of sp(3)C peaks in C1s X-ray Photoelectron Spectra of Carbon Materials.

Abstract: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is among the most powerful techniques to analyze defective structures of carbon materials such as graphene and activated carbon. However, reported assignments of defects, especially sp3C and sp2C, are questionable. Most reports assign sp3C peaks to be higher than sp2C peaks, whereas a few reports assign sp3C peaks to be lower than sp2C peaks. Our group previously reported that calculated binding energies of sp3C were basically lower than those of sp2C. This work clarified that one of the reasons for the prevailing ambiguous assignments of sp3C peaks is charging effects of diamond.

Comprehensive analysis of genetic alterations and their prognostic impacts in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients.

Abstract: To clarify the cooperative roles of recurrently identified mutations and to establish a more precise risk classification system in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we comprehensively analyzed mutations in 51 genes, as well as cytogenetics and 11 chimeric transcripts, in 197 adult patients with de novo AML who were registered in the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group AML201 study. We identified a total of 505 mutations in 44 genes, while only five genes, FLT3, NPM1, CEBPA, DNMT3A and KIT, were mutated in more than 10% of the patients. Although several cooperative and exclusive mutation patterns were observed, the accumulated mutation number was higher in cytogenetically normal AML and lower in AML with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and CBFB-MYH11, indicating a strong potential of these translocations for the initiation of AML. Furthermore, we evaluated the prognostic impacts of each sole mutation and the combinations of mutations and/or cytogenetics, and demonstrated that AML patients could be clearly stratified into five risk groups for overall survival by including the mutation status of DNMT3A, MLL-PTD and TP53 genes in the risk classification system of the European LeukemiaNet. These results indicate that the prognosis of AML could be stratified by the major mutation status in combination with cytogenetics.

Advanced glycation end products are eliminated by scavenger-receptor-mediated endocytosis in hepatic sinusoidal Kupffer and endothelial cells.

Abstract: Long-term incubation of proteins with glucose leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE). Physiological aspects of the catabolism of non-enzymically glycated proteins were studied in aiao and in aitro. AGE-modified BSA (AGE-BSA) was a mixture of high-M r (cross-linked), monomeric and low-M r (fragmented) AGE-BSA. After intravenous administration in rat, all three fractions of AGE-BSA accumulated extremely rapidly and almost exclusively in liver. Uptake in liver endothelial, Kuper and parenchymal cells accounted for approx. 60% ,2 5 %and 10‐15% respectively of hepatic elimination. Both cross-linked and monomeric AGE-BSA were eciently