Institution
Kumamoto University
Education•Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan•
About: Kumamoto University is a education organization based out in Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 19602 authors who have published 35513 publications receiving 901260 citations. The organization is also known as: Kumamoto Daigaku.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Cell culture, Stem cell, Cellular differentiation
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental study was made of critical heat flux in a closed two-phase thermosyphon and the effects of inside diameter, heated length, working liquid, fill charge and inside temperature on the critical heat flow were investigated.
179 citations
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Kyoto University1, University of Tokushima2, National Presto Industries3, Jichi Medical University4, University of Tsukuba5, University of Edinburgh6, University College London7, Kōchi University8, Kumamoto University9, Gunma University10, University of Tokyo11, University of Miyazaki12, Laval University13, Institute of Medical Science14, Kansai Medical University15, Wakayama Medical University16
TL;DR: Analysis of ALS patient iPSC-derived motor neurons indicates that Src/c-Abl inhibitors may have potential for treating ALS, and a phenotypic screen to repurpose existing drugs using ALS motor neuron survival as readout shows that inhibitors of Src or c-ABL kinases promoted autophagy and rescued ALS motor neurons from degeneration.
Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal disease causing progressive loss of motor neurons, still has no effective treatment We developed a phenotypic screen to repurpose existing drugs using ALS motor neuron survival as readout Motor neurons were generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from an ALS patient with a mutation in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) Results of the screen showed that more than half of the hits targeted the Src/c-Abl signaling pathway Src/c-Abl inhibitors increased survival of ALS iPSC-derived motor neurons in vitro Knockdown of Src or c-Abl with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) also rescued ALS motor neuron degeneration One of the hits, bosutinib, boosted autophagy, reduced the amount of misfolded mutant SOD1 protein, and attenuated altered expression of mitochondrial genes Bosutinib also increased survival in vitro of ALS iPSC-derived motor neurons from patients with sporadic ALS or other forms of familial ALS caused by mutations in TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) or repeat expansions in C9orf72 Furthermore, bosutinib treatment modestly extended survival of a mouse model of ALS with an SOD1 mutation, suggesting that Src/c-Abl may be a potentially useful target for developing new drugs to treat ALS
178 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, low energy ion measurements on the lunar orbit are realized more than 30 years after the Apollo period by low energy charged particle analyzers MAP-PACE on board SELENE(KAGUYA), which have found that 0.1%∼1% of the solar wind protons are reflected back from the Moon instead of being absorbed by the lunar surface.
Abstract: [1] Interaction between the solar wind and objects in the solar system varies largely according to the settings, such as the existence of a global intrinsic magnetic field and/or thick atmosphere. The Moon's case is characterized by the absence of both of them. Low energy ion measurements on the lunar orbit is realized more than 30 years after the Apollo period by low energy charged particle analyzers MAP-PACE on board SELENE(KAGUYA). MAP-PACE ion sensors have found that 0.1%∼1% of the solar wind protons are reflected back from the Moon instead of being absorbed by the lunar surface. Some of the reflected ions are accelerated above solar wind energy as they are picked-up by the solar wind convection electric field. The proton reflection that we have newly discovered around the Moon should be a universal process that characterizes the environment of an airless body.
178 citations
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TL;DR: The study protocols and precautions for QTAP experiments including in silico target peptide selection, determination of peptide concentration by amino acid analysis, setup of selected/multiple reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) analysis, data analysis, and troubleshooting are described.
Abstract: Proteomics has opened a new horizon in biological sciences. Global proteomic analysis is a promising technology for the discovery of thousands of proteins, post-translational modifications, polymorphisms, and molecular interactions in a variety of biological systems. The activities and roles of the identified proteins must also be elucidated, but this is complicated by the inability of conventional proteomic methods to yield quantitative information for protein expression. Thus, a variety of biological systems remain “black boxes”. Quantitative targeted absolute proteomics (QTAP) enables the determination of absolute expression levels (mol) of any target protein, including low-abundance functional proteins, such as transporters and receptors. Therefore, QTAP will be useful for understanding the activities and roles of individual proteins and their differences, including normal/disease, human/animal, or in vitro/in vivo. Here, we describe the study protocols and precautions for QTAP experiments including in silico target peptide selection, determination of peptide concentration by amino acid analysis, setup of selected/multiple reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) analysis in liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, preparation of protein samples (brain capillaries and plasma membrane fractions) followed by the preparation of peptide samples, simultaneous absolute quantification of target proteins by SRM/MRM analysis, data analysis, and troubleshooting. An application of QTAP in biological sciences was introduced that utilizes data from inter-strain differences in the protein expression levels of transporters, receptors, tight junction proteins and marker proteins at the blood–brain barrier in ddY, FVB, and C57BL/6J mice. Among 18 molecules, 13 (abcb1a/mdr1a/P-gp, abcc4/mrp4, abcg2/bcrp, slc2a1/glut1, slc7a5/lat1, slc16a1/mct1, slc22a8/oat3, insr, lrp1, tfr1, claudin-5, Na+/K+-ATPase, and γ-gtp) were detected in the isolated brain capillaries, and their protein expression levels were within a range of 0.637-101 fmol/μg protein. The largest difference in the levels between the three strains was 2.2-fold for 13 molecules, although bcrp and mct1 displayed statistically significant differences between C57BL/6J and the other strain(s). Highly sensitive simultaneous absolute quantification achieved by QTAP will increase the usefulness of proteomics in biological sciences and is expected to advance the new research field of pharmacoproteomics (PPx).
178 citations
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TL;DR: The findings suggest that dry eye is one of the most common ocular disorders encountered by physicians, and if patients use VDTs or wear CLs, the likelihood of dry eye occurring is higher.
Abstract: • Background: The purpose of the investigation was to ascertain the prevalence of dry eye in new outpatients. • Methods: A total of 2127 consecutive new outpatients seen in eight Japanese centers from April 1992 to January 1993 underwent comprehensive examinations, including double vital staining and measurement of tear film break-up time, basal tear secretion, and tear clearance. Dry eye was diagnosed if patients had abnormalities of both the tear film and the ocular surface. • Results: Three hundred fifty-nine patients (17%) had dry eye. There was no seasonal pattern for dry eye. The condition was significantly more common in Tokyo than in suburban areas (P < 0.01). The prevalence of dry eye in visual display terminal (VDT) users and contact lens (CL) wearers was significantly higher than in non-VDT users and non-CL wearers (P < 0.05 and P < 0.02, respectively). • Conclusion: Our findings suggest that dry eye is one of the most common ocular disorders encountered by physicians. Furthermore, if patients use VDTs or wear CLs, the likelihood of dry eye occurring is higher.
178 citations
Authors
Showing all 19645 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Fred H. Gage | 216 | 967 | 185732 |
George D. Yancopoulos | 158 | 496 | 93955 |
Kenji Kangawa | 153 | 1117 | 110059 |
Tasuku Honjo | 141 | 712 | 88428 |
Hideo Yagita | 137 | 946 | 70623 |
Masashi Yanagisawa | 130 | 524 | 83631 |
Kazuwa Nakao | 128 | 1041 | 70812 |
Kouji Matsushima | 124 | 590 | 56995 |
Thomas E. Mallouk | 122 | 549 | 52593 |
Toshio Hirano | 120 | 401 | 55721 |
Eisuke Nishida | 112 | 349 | 45918 |
Hiroaki Shimokawa | 111 | 949 | 48822 |
Bernd Bukau | 111 | 271 | 38446 |
Kazuo Tsubota | 105 | 1379 | 48991 |
Toshio Suda | 104 | 580 | 41069 |