Showing papers by "Kyoto University published in 1969"
TL;DR: A cell line established in vitro from a spontaneous myeloid leukemia of SL strain mice was cytologically identified as myeloblast, and its normal differentiation appeared to be completely blocked in mass culture.
Abstract: A cell line was established in vitro from a spontaneous myeloid leukemia of SL strain mice. This cell line was cytologically identified as myeloblast, and its normal differentiation appeared to be completely blocked in mass culture. When the line cells were seeded in soft agar with a conditioned medium from normal cells, either macrophages or neutrophil granulocytes appeared from a single clone. The rate of formation of colonies containing differentiated cells always increased with an increase in the concentration of conditioned medium. The conditioned medium from this line cell was not as effective as was that from normal cells in inducing differentiation.
482 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the system of equations for the magneto-acoustic wave propagating along a critical direction is reduced to a simple dispersive equation similar to the Korteweg-de Vries equation except that the third order derivative (the dispersion term) is replaced by the fifth order one.
Abstract: The hydromagnetic waves with small but finite amplitude in a cold collision-free plasma are investigated by using a nonlinear perturbation method. In the lowest order of perturbation, we can show that the system of equations for the magneto-acoustic wave propagating along a `critical' direction is reduced to a simple dispersive equation similar to the Korteweg-de Vries equation except that the third order derivative (the dispersion term) is replaced by the fifth order one. An extension of the problem to more general dispersive system is also made. On the other hand, the system of equations for the Alfven wave is reduced to a modified Korteweg-de Vries equation in the sense that the non-linear term f ∂ f /∂ξ in the Korteweg-de Vries equation is replaced by f 2 ∂/∂ξ. In the case of steady propagation this equation can be integrated to give a solution in closed form, which exhibits a solitary wave. Two kinds of solitary wave (both compressive and rarefied) are found to be possible.
363 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of the Pauli principle in the interaction between clusters in the overlapping region of them has been clarified, and it is shown that both the characteristic inner oscillation and the almost energy-independent nodes of the relative wave function are produced by this orthogonality condition.
Abstract: The Pauli principle characterizes. the relative state between clusters in the overlapping region of them. A theory to clarify the role of the Pauli principle in the interaction be tween clusters in a simple way' is proposed. The equation of motion, for the relative state, obtained as a consequence of the total antisymmetrization, excludes naturally the states for bidden by the Pauli principle. The relative state is mainly determined by the orthogonality . condition to the forbidden states for the inside and by a local potential for the outside. It is shown that both the characteristic inner oscillation and the almost energy-independent nodes of the relative wave function, which appear in the a:-a: scattering and are interpreted as the origin of the effective repulsive core, are produced by this orthogonality condition. The fea tures of the a:-a: scattering are clarified on the basis of the theory proposed.
310 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the magnetic properties of single crystal of CsCuCl 3, CsNiCl 3, RbNiCl3, CsCoCl 3 and RbFeCl 3 were investigated by the measurements of magnetic susceptibilities, magnetic torques, ESR absorptions from liquid helium temperature to room temperature.
Abstract: Magnetic properties of single crystal of CsCuCl 3 , CsNiCl 3 , RbNiCl 3 , CsCoCl 3 , and RbFeCl 3 were investigated by the measurements of magnetic susceptibilities, magnetic torques, ESR absorptions from liquid helium temperature to room temperature. The experimental results were interpreted in terms of linear antiferromagnetic chains, taking into account the effect of crystal field. The anisotropic exchange interaction energies between the neighboring magnetic inos along a chain were estimated to be J // / k =-7.0°K, -11.0°K, -14.1°K, -85°K, and -11.5°K, and J ⊥ / k =-6.0°K, -11.0°K, -14.1°K, -17.0°K, and -3.8°K, for CsCuCl 3 , CsNiCl 3 , RbNiCl 3 , CsCoCl 3 , and RbFeCl 3 , respectively by the comparison with the calculated susceptibilities for linear antiferromagnetic chains with Heisenberg and Ising spins by Bonner, Fisher et al. . Properties which appeared in short range magnetic order were studied for two nickelous compounds above T N , 4.5°K in CsNiCl 3 and 11°K in RbNiCl 3 . A qualitative discuss...
261 citations
TL;DR: From May, 1964, to September, 1965, the author made ecological and sociological studies of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Western Tanzania, East Africa, and found that the continuity of the group of chimpanzees is not stable but temporary, as has been reported by Goodall, etc.
Abstract: From May, 1964, to September, 1965, the author made ecological and sociological studies of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Western Tanzania, East Africa. The vegetation of this area belongs to theBrachystegia andIsoberlinia savanna woodland. During the dry season, chimpanzees go out into the open forest and chiefly eat the hard seeds ofJulbernardia, Brachystegia, Isoberlinia, Pterocarpus, etc.
183 citations
TL;DR: A Yeast Capable of Utilizing Methanol was described in this article, where it was shown that it is a yeast capable of using Methanol as a fuel source.
Abstract: (1969). A Yeast Capable of Utilizing Methanol. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry: Vol. 33, No. 10, pp. 1519-1520.
139 citations
TL;DR: Changes in fine structures during the development of the cellular slime molds D. discoideum and D. mucoroides were studied, with emphasis on the regional differentiation between the prestalk and prespore cells of the slug.
Abstract: Changes in fine structures during the development of the cellular slime molds D. discoideum and D. mucovoides were studied, with emphasis on the regional differentiation between the prestalk and prespore cells of the slug. Cells in the prestalk region were in closer contact than those in the prespore region. Some differences were also noticed in the structure of plasma membrane between the two types of cells. An endoplasmic reticulum, vesicle, autophagic vacuole, and cytoplasmic fibril were found more abundantly in the prestalk cell than in the prespore cell. In the prespore cells there were observed a number of prespore specific vacuoles of ca. 0.61~ diameter which consist of membraneous and fibrous structures. The vacuole was never found in the prestalk cells, and was a sole structure that existed only in one of the two types of cells. A possible function of such a vacuole was discussed in relation to spore differentiation. No differences in structure and distribution of mitochondria and crystal bodies were noticed between the prestalk and prespore cells, although these structures underwent considerable changes during the development. The nucleolus underwent considerable structual differentiation between the prestalk and prespore cells as well as during the course of development.
131 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the exact sampling distributions of the ordinary and the two-stage least squares estimators of a structural parameter in a structural equation with two endogenous variables in a complete system of stochastic equations are presented.
Abstract: This paper presents the exact sampling distributions of the ordinary and the two-stage least squares estimators of a structural parameter in a structural equation with two endogenous variables in a complete system of stochastic equations. The results show that the distributions of the two estimators are essentially similar to each other. It can also be seen that both distributions depend crucially upon the deviation of a regression coefficient of disturbance terms of two endogenous variables from a structural parameter, and that the first estimator possesses moments up to the order N-2, while the second possesses them up to the order K-1, where N is the sample size and K is the number of exogenous variables excluded from the equation to be estimated. The small sample properties of the estimators are investigated by numerical evaluations of the density functions.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a discussion of "oxygenases" or enzymes which are involved in the biological fixation of molecular oxygen points out that biosynthesis of prostaglandins from unsaturated fatty acids is catalyzed by the action of two successive reactions involving a dioxygenase and a monooxygenase.
Abstract: A discussion of "oxygenases" or enzymes which are involved in the biological fixation of molecular oxygen points out that biosynthesis of prostaglandins from unsaturated fatty acids is catalyzed by the action of 2 successive reactions involving a dioxygenase and a monooxygenase.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple method of sequential sampling is developed which would make it automatically possible to secure, without excess sampling, a predetermined level of precision for a series of population estimates being required.
Abstract: A simple method of sequential sampling is developed which would make it automatically possible to secure, without excess sampling, a predetermined level of precision for a series of population estimates being required. It appears to have wide application to sampling field populations under various situations since it is simply based upon the relationship of variance to mean for which a comprehensive formula deduced for biological populations from the linearity in the regression of mean crowding on mean density could be adopted. Some problems that may arise in practical application of the method are also discussed.
123 citations
TL;DR: The wide distribution of this or a similar type of carbamyl phosphate synthetase activity among various mammalian tissues is demonstrated and relatively high activities are found in soluble fractions of tissues which are supposed to have a rapid rate of cellular proliferation, such as gastrointestinal tracts, spleen, thymus, and testis.
TL;DR: An experiment on line extraction and pattern detection in a photograph is performed and certain portions of a face may be enough for the decision even if the other portion of the face is hidden in noise and could not be detected as such.
TL;DR: In this article, the magnetic moment decreases very sharply from 1.3µ B in 30 at% Ni to 0.2 µ B in 20 at%Ni and the Mossbauer absorption spectra observed at liq. He temperature show the appearance of antiferromagnetism in the low nickel concentration range.
Abstract: Magnetization, Mossbauer absorption spectra and lattice constants have been measured on the γ phase (f.c.c.) Fe-Ni alloys of 20∼30 at% Ni using finely grained samples in which the γ→α martensitic transformation can be suppressed even at liq. He temperature. The magnetic moment decreases very sharply from 1.3µ B in 30 at% Ni to 0.2µ B in 20 at% Ni. The Mossbauer absorption spectra observed at liq. He temperature show the appearance of antiferromagnetism in the low nickel concentration range. These experimental facts indicate that in these composition range the alloys consist magnetically of two phases, namely ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ones. This magnetic heterogeneity is caused by the statistical concentration fluctuation and is discussed quantitatively by considering a Gaussian type concentration distribution. The temperature and composition variations of the lattice constant and the thermal expansion coefficient can also be interpreted quantitatively on the basis of the same Gaussian type conce...
TL;DR: In this article, it was pointed out that concentration fluctuations affect the magnetic properties of Fe-Ni Invar alloys, which behaves as collection of cells containing equally 60 atoms whose mean concentrations are different from cell to cell.
Abstract: It is pointed out that concentration fluctuations affect the magnetic properties of Fe-Ni Invar alloys, which behaves as collection of cells containing equally 60 atoms whose mean concentrations are different from cell to cell. The fluctuation can be expressed by a Gaussian distribution law when the proportion of the number of the cells having the same concentration is plotted against the mean concentration. The saturation magnetization vs. nickel concentration relation, the deviation of the magnetic saturation moment σ vs temperature T curves form the standard Brillouin function, the small thermal expansion coefficient around room temperature and other anomalous physical properties of the alloy were accounted for on the basis of the present model of the concentration fluctuations.
TL;DR: In this article, the formation of the three types of fundamental domain structure and the sizes of their elements were treated in terms of the equilibria governing formation of micelles at the critical concentration.
Abstract: Electron microscopic textures of A–B type block copolymers of styrene and isoprene cast from several solvents were investigated by means of the osmium tetroxide fixation technique. The two-phase structure, i.e., the semimicro heterogeneous structure due to the microphase separation of block segments, was observed to change systematically with the fraction of block segments and the kind of solvent. Three types of fundamental domain structure were found. With the assumption that domain structure originates from micellar structure at a critical concentration in relatively dilute solution during solvent casting, the formation of the three types of domain structure and the sizes of their elements were treated in terms of the equilibria governing the formation of micelles at the critical concentration. This analysis takes into account such thermodynamic and molecular parameters as the incompatibility between the A and B segments, the solvation of the segments, the casting temperature, the total chain length of the block copolymer, and the weight fraction composition of the block copolymer. It was concluded that the block segments are preferentially oriented along the direction perpendicular to the interface between the two phases. This particular orientation-aggregation of the block segments must make the bulk properties of the block copolymer much different from those of merely mechanical mixtures of the corresponding homopolymers, even if the same semimicro heterogeneous structures are formed in the mechanical mixtures.
TL;DR: In this article, it was found that pure Ni film deposited onto the glass substrate cooled by liquid nitrogen was amorphous and ferromagnetic, and spontaneous magnetization in the amorphized state showed a marked decrease compared with the crystalline state.
TL;DR: Greeting behavior, especially, and begging-and-food-sharing behavior show the existence of the chimpanzee's unique communicative system, which is backed by symbolic function, and appears to have an important role in the maintenance of the unique social organization of chimpanzees.
Abstract: The author studied the social organization and behavior of wild chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda, between September, 1966, and March, 1967. A population of more than 50 chimpanzees became habituated to the author and was followed continuously, by means of individual identification, throughout the study period. The present article deals with the chimpanzee's social behavior, with special reference to social organization. The central organization which controls and maintains chimpanzee society cannot be rigid dominance rank order, since agonistic interactions among chimpanzees were not frequent. On the other hand, friendly or associative social behavior was frequently observed, some of which was unique in non-human primates. Greeting behavior, especially, and begging-and-food-sharing behavior show the existence of the chimpanzee's unique communicative system, which is backed by symbolic function. This kind of communicative system appears to have an important role in the maintenance of the unique social organization of chimpanzees, which has a loose regional integration, though the animals frequently gather into parties and later split up. Sexual activity was observed throughout the study period, but the peak was seen between December and February, during the dry season.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the temperature dependences of electrical resistivity and thermal expansion for face-centered cubic Fe 65 (Ni 1-x Mn x ) 35 ternary alloys.
Abstract: The temperature dependences of electrical resistivity and thermal expansion were measured for face-centered cubic Fe 65 (Ni 1- x Mn x ) 35 ternary alloys. The electrical resistivity of ferromagnetic alloys ( x 0.3) increases below the Neel temperature and shows a resistance minimum. These behaviors are explained in terms of the magnetic scattering by induced moments below the magnetic ordering temperature. The expansion of volume due to the magnetic ordering was observed in both ferro- and antiferromagnetic alloys. To explain the volume expansion by the magnetic ordering, a new mechanism of magnetovolume effect based on the change of cohesive energy due to the spin polarization in 3 d band is proposed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the reaction of olefins with ethylidene iodide and diethylzinc was shown to be electrophilic and proceeds stereospecifically.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the mutants are different from the 5-methyltryptophan resistant mutants synthesizing the allosteric-inhibition insensitive enzyme which had been reported by other investigators, and that the operator is distinct from the trpE cistron controlling the structure of anthranilate synthetase.
TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanistic implication of photo-alkylation is discussed in terms of the acid-base equilibrium between carboxylic acid and the photoexrited nitrogen heterocycle.
TL;DR: Veneziano-type amplitudes for ππ, πK, KK and KK scattering are constructed and normalized at the ϱ pole in this paper, and S-wave scattering lengths are calculated in good agreement with those obtained by the method of current algebra.
TL;DR: The pathways of the neurites of various neurons and their interrelations through axon‐collaterals were investigated in the spinal cord of young kittens using silver impregation techniques.
Abstract: The pathways of the neurites of various neurons and their interrelations through axon-collaterals were investigated in the spinal cord of young kittens using silver impregation techniques. The cells of lamina II connect with other cells of laminae II and III through collaterals. The axons of lamina III cells enter the lateral cord and their collaterals connect with cells of laminae III–IV. The axons of lamina V cells enter the lateral cord and some of their collaterals terminate in the neighborhood and in lamina IX. The cells of lamina VI connect with cells of laminae II–VI. The posterior commissural cells give their collaterals to cells of the intermediate nucleus and of the posterior horn of the both sides. Intermediate-axoned cells (Valverde, '61) were found in the intermediomedial nucleus and lamina VII. Interconnections of small neurons of each lamina (Rexed, '52, '54) and their physiological significance were discussed.
TL;DR: Electron microscopic observations revealed that fat and protein are absorbed by different pathways in teteost larvae.
Abstract: The gut epithelium of larval and juvenile carp is composed principally of columnar cells and intermingled goblet cells. In the mid gut of juveniles so-called pear-shaped cells are occasionally found among the columnar epithelial cells.On the basis of absorption patterns, the gut of larvae or juveniles examined after feeding can be divided into two major portions: the mid gut and the posterior gut. In the mid gut, columnar epithelial cells are crowded with fairly large fat droplets. During fat absorption the microvilli and terminal web of the columnar cells appear normal, and no pinocytotic invaginations are seen. On the other hand, in the posterior gut, the columnar epithelial cells are loaded with peculiar vacuoles containing electron lucent materials related to ingested protein. In these cells, the apical cytoplasm is characterized by vigorous pinocytotic invaginations, small vesicles, tubules, and bundles of fine filaments, all associated with the vacuoles.Electron microscopic observations revealed that fat and protein are absorbed by different pathways in teteost larvae. The mid gut appears to be mainly involved in fat absorption without a process of pinocytosis, and the posterior gut is mainly implicated in protein absorption by a process of pinocytosis.
TL;DR: The Chromosomal location of genes for fertility-restoration, awnlessness, spelta-type ear and red coleoptile color of Triticum spelta var.
Abstract: Chromosomal location of genes for fertility-restoration, awnlessness, spelta-type ear and red coleoptile color of Triticum spelta var. duhamelianum, an effective fertility- restorer for the timopheevi cytoplasm, was determined by monosomic analysis. The results can be summarized as follows:T. spelta var. duhamelianum carries a dominant fertility-restoring gene Rf3 on its chromosome 1B. Chromosome 7D exerts a weak suppressing effect to this gene. Awnlessness is mainly due to an epistatic inhibitor B1 in chromosome 5A, while chromosome 6D has a promoting effect on awn development. As to the ear type, chromosome 5A carries a spelta gene q1, whereas chromosomes 2D and 3D possess some modifiers to this gene. Red coleoptile color is produced by genes in chromosomes 7A and 7D, while five other chromosomes, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3B and 6A, carry weak suppressors.
TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt has been made to understand various results obtained so far in the one-dimensional isotropic antiferromagnetic spin system from the point of view of the Fermi liquid theory.
Abstract: An attempt has been made to understand various results obtained so far in the one-di mensional isotropic antiferromagnetic spin system from the point of view of the Fermi liquid theory. Specific heat thus obtained is very close to the value given by Bonner and Fisher by the numerical calCulation. A brief discussion is. made on the exact solution of the mag netic susceptibility.
TL;DR: In this paper, the phase relation and electric and magnetic properties of Li x V 2−x O 2 were studied in the temperature range from liquid helium to 400°C, and the one phase region was determined to be in the range of 0.8≤x≤1.2 in Li xV 2−X O 2.
TL;DR: The administration of caffeine was used to establish a relationship between teratogenic activity and some modes of administration by using this compound and found it to be an advantageous tool for analytical studies of teratogenicity in experimental mammals.
TL;DR: The data from amino acid analysis of modified derivatives show that these reactions are specific for tryptophan, and do not affect the other amino acids.