Institution
Kyoto University
Education•Kyoto, Japan•
About: Kyoto University is a education organization based out in Kyoto, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Population. The organization has 85837 authors who have published 217215 publications receiving 6526826 citations. The organization is also known as: Kyōto University & Kyōto daigaku.
Topics: Catalysis, Population, Gene, Transplantation, Ion
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: The utility of various marginal donors in patients requiring liver transplantation will be described, including older donors, steatotic livers, non‐heart‐beating donors, donors with viral hepatitis, and donors with malignancies.
619 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, a silicon wafer hydrophobized with OTS was immersed into water to observe the surface in-situ by tapping-mode AFM and a large number of nano-size domain images were found on the surface.
Abstract: The silicon wafer hydrophobized with OTS was immersed into water to observe the surface in-situ by tapping-mode AFM. A large number of nano-size domain images were found on the surface. Their shape...
618 citations
••
Macquarie University1, University of Grenoble2, University of Cambridge3, Australian National University4, Royal Botanic Gardens5, University of Waikato6, Wageningen University and Research Centre7, University of Regina8, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute9, Tohoku University10, Florida International University11, Institut national de la recherche agronomique12, University of Toronto13, VU University Amsterdam14, University of Freiburg15, Max Planck Society16, Kyoto University17, Spanish National Research Council18, Forschungszentrum Jülich19, Columbia University20, Landcare Research21, University of Alcalá22, University of Stirling23, National Dong Hwa University24, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences25, University of Maryland, College Park26, University of Puerto Rico27, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras28
TL;DR: Traits generate trade-offs between performance with competition versus performance without competition, a fundamental ingredient in the classical hypothesis that the coexistence of plant species is enabled via differentiation in their successional strategies.
Abstract: Phenotypic traits and their associated trade-offs have been shown to have globally consistent effects on individual plant physiological functions, but how these effects scale up to influence competition, a key driver of community assembly in terrestrial vegetation, has remained unclear. Here we use growth data from more than 3 million trees in over 140,000 plots across the world to show how three key functional traits--wood density, specific leaf area and maximum height--consistently influence competitive interactions. Fast maximum growth of a species was correlated negatively with its wood density in all biomes, and positively with its specific leaf area in most biomes. Low wood density was also correlated with a low ability to tolerate competition and a low competitive effect on neighbours, while high specific leaf area was correlated with a low competitive effect. Thus, traits generate trade-offs between performance with competition versus performance without competition, a fundamental ingredient in the classical hypothesis that the coexistence of plant species is enabled via differentiation in their successional strategies. Competition within species was stronger than between species, but an increase in trait dissimilarity between species had little influence in weakening competition. No benefit of dissimilarity was detected for specific leaf area or wood density, and only a weak benefit for maximum height. Our trait-based approach to modelling competition makes generalization possible across the forest ecosystems of the world and their highly diverse species composition.
618 citations
••
TL;DR: The mechanism of olfactory discrimination by single unit recordings of responses to a series of normal aliphatic aldehydes from individual rabbit M/T cells was investigated and revealed that inhibitory responses are evoked in a M/ T cell by a defined subset of odor molecules with structures closely related to the excitatory odor molecules.
Abstract: Mitral/tufted cells (M/T cells) and granule cells form reciprocal dendrodendritic synapses in the main olfactory bulb; the granule cell is excited by glutamate from the M/T cell and in turn inhibits M/T cells by gamma-aminobutyrate. The trans-synaptically excited granule cell is thought to induce lateral inhibition in neighboring M/T cells and to refine olfactory information. It remains, however, elusive how significantly and specifically this synaptic regulation contributes to the discrimination of different olfactory stimuli. This investigation concerns the mechanism of olfactory discrimination by single unit recordings of responses to a series of normal aliphatic aldehydes from individual rabbit M/T cells. This analysis revealed that inhibitory responses are evoked in a M/T cell by a defined subset of odor molecules with structures closely related to the excitatory odor molecules. Furthermore, blockade of the reciprocal synaptic transmission by the glutamate receptor antagonist or the gamma-aminobutyrate receptor antagonist markedly suppressed the odor-evoked inhibition, indicating that the inhibitory responses are evoked by lateral inhibition via the reciprocal synaptic transmission. The synaptic regulation in the olfactory bulb thus greatly enhances the tuning specificity of odor responses and would contribute to discrimination of olfactory information.
617 citations
••
TL;DR: This primer describes the pleiotropic roles of Hes genes in some developmental processes and aims to clarify the basic mechanism of how gene networks operate in vertebrate embryogenesis.
Abstract: Embryogenesis involves orchestrated processes of cell proliferation and differentiation. The mammalian Hes basic helix-loop-helix repressor genes play central roles in these processes by maintaining progenitor cells in an undifferentiated state and by regulating binary cell fate decisions. Hes genes also display an oscillatory expression pattern and control the timing of biological events, such as somite segmentation. Many aspects of Hes expression are regulated by Notch signaling, which mediates cell-cell communication. This primer describes these pleiotropic roles of Hes genes in some developmental processes and aims to clarify the basic mechanism of how gene networks operate in vertebrate embryogenesis.
617 citations
Authors
Showing all 86225 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Kari Alitalo | 174 | 817 | 114231 |
Ralph M. Steinman | 171 | 453 | 121518 |
Masayuki Yamamoto | 171 | 1576 | 123028 |
Karl Deisseroth | 160 | 556 | 101487 |
Kenji Kangawa | 153 | 1117 | 110059 |
Takashi Taniguchi | 152 | 2141 | 110658 |
Ben Zhong Tang | 149 | 2007 | 116294 |
Takeo Kanade | 147 | 799 | 103237 |
Yuji Matsuzawa | 143 | 836 | 116711 |
Tasuku Honjo | 141 | 712 | 88428 |
Kenneth M. Yamada | 139 | 446 | 72136 |
Y. B. Hsiung | 138 | 1258 | 94278 |
Shuh Narumiya | 137 | 595 | 70183 |
Kevin P. Campbell | 137 | 521 | 60854 |
Junji Tojo | 135 | 878 | 84615 |