Institution
Kyoto University
Education•Kyoto, Japan•
About: Kyoto University is a education organization based out in Kyoto, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 85837 authors who have published 217215 publications receiving 6526826 citations. The organization is also known as: Kyōto University & Kyōto daigaku.
Topics: Population, Catalysis, Transplantation, Polymerization, Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
Max Planck Society1, Duke University2, Liverpool John Moores University3, Universidad Veracruzana4, Stanford University5, Smithsonian Institution6, University of St Andrews7, University of Pennsylvania8, University of Zurich9, University of Cambridge10, University of Rochester11, Kyoto University12, University of California, Berkeley13, University of Kentucky14, Yale University15, Federal University of Paraíba16, University of York17, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna18, McGill University19, University of Michigan20, Peking University21, Utah State University22
TL;DR: It is suggested that increases in absolute brain size provided the biological foundation for evolutionary increases in self-control, and implicate species differences in feeding ecology as a potential selective pressure favoring these skills.
Abstract: Cognition presents evolutionary research with one of its greatest challenges. Cognitive evolution has been explained at the proximate level by shifts in absolute and relative brain volume and at the ultimate level by differences in social and dietary complexity. However, no study has integrated the experimental and phylogenetic approach at the scale required to rigorously test these explanations. Instead, previous research has largely relied on various measures of brain size as proxies for cognitive abilities. We experimentally evaluated these major evolutionary explanations by quantitatively comparing the cognitive performance of 567 individuals representing 36 species on two problem-solving tasks measuring self-control. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that absolute brain volume best predicted performance across species and accounted for considerably more variance than brain volume controlling for body mass. This result corroborates recent advances in evolutionary neurobiology and illustrates the cognitive consequences of cortical reorganization through increases in brain volume. Within primates, dietary breadth but not social group size was a strong predictor of species differences in self-control. Our results implicate robust evolutionary relationships between dietary breadth, absolute brain volume, and self-control. These findings provide a significant first step toward quantifying the primate cognitive phenome and explaining the process of cognitive evolution.
554 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the late time behavior of horizon fluctuations in large anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes is governed by the random matrix dynamics characteristic of quantum chaotic systems.
Abstract: We argue that the late time behavior of horizon fluctuations in large anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes is governed by the random matrix dynamics characteristic of quantum chaotic systems. Our main tool is the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model, which we use as a simple model of a black hole. We use an analytically continued partition function |Z(β + it)|2 as well as correlation functions as diagnostics. Using numerical techniques we establish random matrix behavior at late times. We determine the early time behavior exactly in a double scaling limit, giving us a plausible estimate for the crossover time to random matrix behavior. We use these ideas to formulate a conjecture about general large AdS black holes, like those dual to 4D super-Yang-Mills theory, giving a provisional estimate of the crossover time. We make some preliminary comments about challenges to understanding the late time dynamics from a bulk point of view.
553 citations
••
TL;DR: Surprisingly, overexpression of CUC1 was sufficient to induce adventitious shoots on the adaxial surface of cotyledons and Expression analyses in the overexpressor and in loss-of-function mutants suggest that C UC1 acts upstream of the SHOOT MERISTEMLESS gene.
Abstract: In higher plants, molecular mechanisms regulating shoot apical meristem (SAM) formation and organ separation are largely unknown. The CUC1 (CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON1) and CUC2 are functionally redundant genes that are involved in these processes. We cloned the CUC1 gene by a map-based approach, and found that it encodes a NAC-domain protein highly homologous to CUC2. CUC1 mRNA was detected in the presumptive SAM during embryogenesis, and at the boundaries between floral organ primordia. Surprisingly, overexpression of CUC1 was sufficient to induce adventitious shoots on the adaxial surface of cotyledons. Expression analyses in the overexpressor and in loss-of-function mutants suggest that CUC1 acts upstream of the SHOOT MERISTEMLESS gene.
553 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the complete sequence of the liverwort mitochondrial DNA was determined and 94 possible genes in the sequence of 186,608 base-pairs were detected, including genes for three species of ribosomal RNA, 29 genes for 27 species of transfer RNA and 30 open reading frames (ORFs) for functionally known proteins.
553 citations
••
TL;DR: In this paper, an atomic-resolution tunneling-asymmetry imaging was used to detect tunneling asymmetry in cuprates, and the emerging picture is then of a partial hole localization within an intrinsic electronic glass evolving, at higher hole densities, into complete delocalization and highest temperature superconductivity.
Abstract: Removing electrons from the CuO2 plane of cuprates alters the electronic correlations sufficiently to produce high-temperature superconductivity. Associated with these changes are spectral-weight transfers from the high-energy states of the insulator to low energies. In theory, these should be detectable as an imbalance between the tunneling rate for electron injection and extraction-a tunneling asymmetry. We introduce atomic-resolution tunneling-asymmetry imaging, finding virtually identical phenomena in two lightly hole-doped cuprates: Ca(1.88)Na(0.12)CuO(2)Cl2 and Bi2Sr2Dy(0.2)Ca(0.8)Cu2O(8+delta). Intense spatial variations in tunneling asymmetry occur primarily at the planar oxygen sites; their spatial arrangement forms a Cu-O-Cu bond-centered electronic pattern without long-range order but with 4a(0)-wide unidirectional electronic domains dispersed throughout (a(0): the Cu-O-Cu distance). The emerging picture is then of a partial hole localization within an intrinsic electronic glass evolving, at higher hole densities, into complete delocalization and highest-temperature superconductivity.
553 citations
Authors
Showing all 86225 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Kari Alitalo | 174 | 817 | 114231 |
Ralph M. Steinman | 171 | 453 | 121518 |
Masayuki Yamamoto | 171 | 1576 | 123028 |
Karl Deisseroth | 160 | 556 | 101487 |
Kenji Kangawa | 153 | 1117 | 110059 |
Takashi Taniguchi | 152 | 2141 | 110658 |
Ben Zhong Tang | 149 | 2007 | 116294 |
Takeo Kanade | 147 | 799 | 103237 |
Yuji Matsuzawa | 143 | 836 | 116711 |
Tasuku Honjo | 141 | 712 | 88428 |
Kenneth M. Yamada | 139 | 446 | 72136 |
Y. B. Hsiung | 138 | 1258 | 94278 |
Shuh Narumiya | 137 | 595 | 70183 |
Kevin P. Campbell | 137 | 521 | 60854 |
Junji Tojo | 135 | 878 | 84615 |