Institution
Kyoto University
Education•Kyoto, Japan•
About: Kyoto University is a education organization based out in Kyoto, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 85837 authors who have published 217215 publications receiving 6526826 citations. The organization is also known as: Kyōto University & Kyōto daigaku.
Topics: Population, Catalysis, Transplantation, Polymerization, Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: The results suggest that the expression of thePD-1 antigen is tightly regulated and induced by signal transduction through the antigen receptor and do not exclude the possibility that the PD- 1 antigen may play a role in clonal selection of lymphocytes although PD-1 expression is not required for the common pathway of apoptosis.
Abstract: A mAb J43 has been produced against the product of the mouse PD-1 gene, a member of the Ig gene superfamily, which was previously isolated from an apoptosis-induced T cell hybridoma (2B4.11) by using subtractive hybridization. Analyses by flow cytometry and immunoprecipitation using the J43 mAb revealed that the PD-1 gene product is a 50-55 kDa membrane protein expressed on the cell surface of several PD-1 cDNA transfectants and 2B4.11 cells. Since the molecular weight calculated from the amino acid sequence is 29, 310, the PD-1 protein appears to be heavily glycosylated. Normal murine lymphoid tissues such as thymus, spleen, lymph node and bone marrow contained very small numbers of PD-1(+) cells. However, a significant PD-1(+) population appeared in the thymocytes as well as T cells in spleen and lymph nodes by the in vivo anti-CD3 mAb treatment. Furthermore, the PD-1 antigen expression was strongly induced in distinct subsets of thymocytes and spleen T cells by in vitro stimulation with either anti-CD3 mAb or concanavalin A (Con A) which could lead T cells to both activation and cell death. Similarly, PD-1 expression was induced on spleen B cells by in vitro stimulation with anti-IgM antibody. By contrast, PD-1 was not significantly expressed on lymphocytes by treatment with growth factor deprivation, dexamethasone or lipopolysaccharide. These results suggest that the expression of the PD-1 antigen is tightly regulated and induced by signal transduction through the antigen receptor and do not exclude the possibility that the PD-1 antigen may play a role in clonal selection of lymphocytes although PD-1 expression is not required for the common pathway of apoptosis.
1,445 citations
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TL;DR: The linear perturbation theory of spatially homogeneous and isotropic universes is reviewed and reformulated extensively in this article, with special attention paid to the geometrical meaning of the perturbations.
Abstract: The linear perturbation theory of spatially homogeneous and isotropic universes is reviewed and reformulated extensively. In the first half of the article, a gauge-invariant formulation of the theory is carried out with special attention paid to the geometrical meaning of the perturbation. In the second half of the article, the application of the theory to some important cosmological models is discussed.
1,443 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that the length of dsRNA is important for differential recognition by RIG-I and MDA5, and the Mda5 ligand, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, was converted to a Rig-I ligand after shortening of the ds RNA length.
Abstract: The ribonucleic acid (RNA) helicases retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5 (MDA5) recognize distinct viral and synthetic RNAs, leading to the production of interferons. Although 5′-triphosphate single-stranded RNA is a RIG-I ligand, the role of RIG-I and MDA5 in double-stranded (ds) RNA recognition remains to be characterized. In this study, we show that the length of dsRNA is important for differential recognition by RIG-I and MDA5. The MDA5 ligand, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, was converted to a RIG-I ligand after shortening of the dsRNA length. In addition, viral dsRNAs differentially activated RIG-I and MDA5, depending on their length. Vesicular stomatitis virus infection generated dsRNA, which is responsible for RIG-I–mediated recognition. Collectively, RIG-I detects dsRNAs without a 5′-triphosphate end, and RIG-I and MDA5 selectively recognize short and long dsRNAs, respectively.
1,442 citations
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Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic1, University of Saskatchewan2, Bayer3, Kansas State University4, University of California, Riverside5, Blaise Pascal University6, Kyoto University7, University of Dundee8, Punjab Agricultural University9, Indian Agricultural Research Institute10, University of Delhi11, University of Tsukuba12, Yokohama City University13, National Research Council14, Norwegian University of Life Sciences15, Sainsbury Laboratory16, Leibniz Association17, United States Department of Energy18, James Hutton Institute19, Institut national de la recherche agronomique20, University of Zurich21, Sabancı University22, Murdoch University23
TL;DR: Insight into the genome biology of a polyploid crop provide a springboard for faster gene isolation, rapid genetic marker development, and precise breeding to meet the needs of increasing food demand worldwide.
Abstract: An ordered draft sequence of the 17-gigabase hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome has been produced by sequencing isolated chromosome arms. We have annotated 124,201 gene loci distributed nearly evenly across the homeologous chromosomes and subgenomes. Comparative gene analysis of wheat subgenomes and extant diploid and tetraploid wheat relatives showed that high sequence similarity and structural conservation are retained, with limited gene loss, after polyploidization. However, across the genomes there was evidence of dynamic gene gain, loss, and duplication since the divergence of the wheat lineages. A high degree of transcriptional autonomy and no global dominance was found for the subgenomes. These insights into the genome biology of a polyploid crop provide a springboard for faster gene isolation, rapid genetic marker development, and precise breeding to meet the needs of increasing food demand worldwide.
1,421 citations
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Kanazawa Medical University1, Kansai Medical University2, Kanazawa University3, Sapporo Medical University4, University of Toyama5, Okayama University6, Nagoya University7, Shinshu University8, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital9, Tohoku University10, Kyushu University11, University of Tsukuba12, Kyoto University13, Keio University14, Kagoshima University15, Fujita Health University16, Nagoya City University17
TL;DR: The comprehensive diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD are practically useful for general physicians and nonspecialists and have increased the sensitivity of diagnosis to 100% for Igg4-related MD, KD, and AIP.
Abstract: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a novel clinical disease entity characterized by elevated serum IgG4 concentration and tumefaction or tissue infiltration by IgG4+ plasma cells Although IgG4-RD is not rare and is clinically important, its clinical diagnostic criteria have not been established Comprehensive diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD, including the involvement of various organs, are intended for the practical use of general physicians and nonspecialists Two IgG4-RD study groups, the Umehara and Okazaki teams, were organized by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare Japan As IgG4-RD comprises a wide variety of diseases, these groups consist of physicians and researchers in various disciplines, including rheumatology, hematology, gastroenterology, nephrology, pulmonology, ophthalmology, odontology, pathology, statistics, and basic and molecular immunology throughout Japan, with 66 and 56 members of the Umehara and Okazaki teams, respectively Collaborations of the two study groups involved detailed analyses of clinical symptoms, laboratory results, and biopsy specimens of patients with IgG4-RD, resulting in the establishment of comprehensive diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD Although many patients with IgG4-RD have lesions in several organs, either synchronously or metachronously, and the pathological features of each organ differ, consensus has been reached on two diagnostic criteria for IgG4RD: (1) serum IgG4 concentration >135 mg/dl, and (2) >40% of IgG+ plasma cells being IgG4+ and >10 cells/high powered field of biopsy sample Although the comprehensive diagnostic criteria are not sufficiently sensitive for the diagnosis of type 1 IgG4-related autoimmune pancreatitis (IgG4-related AIP), they are adequately sensitive for IgG4-related Mikulicz’s disease (MD) and kidney disease (KD) In addition, the comprehensive diagnostic criteria, combined with organ-specific diagnostic criteria, have increased the sensitivity of diagnosis to 100% for IgG4-related MD, KD, and AIP Our comprehensive diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD are practically useful for general physicians and nonspecialists
1,417 citations
Authors
Showing all 86225 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Kari Alitalo | 174 | 817 | 114231 |
Ralph M. Steinman | 171 | 453 | 121518 |
Masayuki Yamamoto | 171 | 1576 | 123028 |
Karl Deisseroth | 160 | 556 | 101487 |
Kenji Kangawa | 153 | 1117 | 110059 |
Takashi Taniguchi | 152 | 2141 | 110658 |
Ben Zhong Tang | 149 | 2007 | 116294 |
Takeo Kanade | 147 | 799 | 103237 |
Yuji Matsuzawa | 143 | 836 | 116711 |
Tasuku Honjo | 141 | 712 | 88428 |
Kenneth M. Yamada | 139 | 446 | 72136 |
Y. B. Hsiung | 138 | 1258 | 94278 |
Shuh Narumiya | 137 | 595 | 70183 |
Kevin P. Campbell | 137 | 521 | 60854 |
Junji Tojo | 135 | 878 | 84615 |