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Institution

Kyoto University

EducationKyoto, Japan
About: Kyoto University is a education organization based out in Kyoto, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 85837 authors who have published 217215 publications receiving 6526826 citations. The organization is also known as: Kyōto University & Kyōto daigaku.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
14 Mar 2013-Nature
TL;DR: It is suggested that osterix-expressing stromal cells comprise a distinct niche that supports B-lymphoid progenitors and retains HPCs in the bone marrow, and that expression of CXCL12 from stroma cells in the perivascular region, including endothelial cells and mesenchymal progenitor, supports HSCs.
Abstract: Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) primarily reside in the bone marrow where signals generated by stromal cells regulate their self-renewal, proliferation and trafficking. Endosteal osteoblasts and perivascular stromal cells including endothelial cells, CXCL12-abundant reticular cells, leptin-receptor-positive stromal cells, and nestin-green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive mesenchymal progenitors have all been implicated in HSC maintenance. However, it is unclear whether specific haematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) subsets reside in distinct niches defined by the surrounding stromal cells and the regulatory molecules they produce. CXCL12 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12) regulates both HSCs and lymphoid progenitors and is expressed by all of these stromal cell populations. Here we selectively deleted Cxcl12 from candidate niche stromal cell populations and characterized the effect on HPCs. Deletion of Cxcl12 from mineralizing osteoblasts has no effect on HSCs or lymphoid progenitors. Deletion of Cxcl12 from osterix-expressing stromal cells, which include CXCL12-abundant reticular cells and osteoblasts, results in constitutive HPC mobilization and a loss of B-lymphoid progenitors, but HSC function is normal. Cxcl12 deletion from endothelial cells results in a modest loss of long-term repopulating activity. Strikingly, deletion of Cxcl12 from nestin-negative mesenchymal progenitors using Prx1-cre (Prx1 also known as Prrx1) is associated with a marked loss of HSCs, long-term repopulating activity, HSC quiescence and common lymphoid progenitors. These data suggest that osterix-expressing stromal cells comprise a distinct niche that supports B-lymphoid progenitors and retains HPCs in the bone marrow, and that expression of CXCL12 from stromal cells in the perivascular region, including endothelial cells and mesenchymal progenitors, supports HSCs.

1,069 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Tadashi Kokubo1
TL;DR: It was shown that some new kinds of bioactive materials can be developed from CaO,SiO2-based glasses and they were shown to be useful as thermoseeds for hyperthermia treatment of cancer.

1,068 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: After standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy containing anthracycline, taxane, or both, the addition of adjuvant capecitabine therapy was safe and effective in prolonging disease‐free survival and overall survival among patients with HER2‐negative breast cancer who had residual invasive disease on pathological testing.
Abstract: BackgroundPatients who have residual invasive carcinoma after the receipt of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative breast cancer have poor prognoses. The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in these patients remains unclear. MethodsWe randomly assigned 910 patients with HER2-negative residual invasive breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (containing anthracycline, taxane, or both) to receive standard postsurgical treatment either with capecitabine or without (control). The primary end point was disease-free survival. Secondary end points included overall survival. ResultsThe result of the prespecified interim analysis met the primary end point, so this trial was terminated early. The final analysis showed that disease-free survival was longer in the capecitabine group than in the control group (74.1% vs. 67.6% of the patients were alive and free from recurrence or second cancer at 5 years; hazard ratio for recurrence, second cancer, or death, 0.70; 95% ...

1,066 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a catalog of modified theories of gravity for which strong-field predictions have been computed and contrasted to Einstein's theory is presented, and the current understanding of the structure and dynamics of compact objects in these theories is summarized.
Abstract: One century after its formulation, Einstein's general relativity (GR) has made remarkable predictions and turned out to be compatible with all experimental tests. Most of these tests probe the theory in the weak-field regime, and there are theoretical and experimental reasons to believe that GR should be modified when gravitational fields are strong and spacetime curvature is large. The best astrophysical laboratories to probe strong-field gravity are black holes and neutron stars, whether isolated or in binary systems. We review the motivations to consider extensions of GR. We present a (necessarily incomplete) catalog of modified theories of gravity for which strong-field predictions have been computed and contrasted to Einstein's theory, and we summarize our current understanding of the structure and dynamics of compact objects in these theories. We discuss current bounds on modified gravity from binary pulsar and cosmological observations, and we highlight the potential of future gravitational wave measurements to inform us on the behavior of gravity in the strong-field regime.

1,066 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Oluseun Adewumi1, Behrouz Aflatoonian2, Lars Ährlund-Richter3, Michal Amit4, Peter W. Andrews2, Gemma Beighton5, Paul Bello6, Nissim Benvenisty7, Lorraine S. Berry1, Simon Bevan, Barak Blum7, Justin Brooking8, Kevin G. Chen9, Andre Bh Choo, Gary A. Churchill, Marie Corbel10, Ivan Damjanov11, John S Draper12, Petr Dvorak13, Petr Dvorak14, Katarina Emanuelsson, Roland A. Fleck1, Angela Ford2, Karin Astrid Maria Gertow3, Karin Astrid Maria Gertow6, Marina Gertsenstein12, Paul J. Gokhale2, Rebecca S. Hamilton9, Alex Hampl14, Alex Hampl13, Lyn Healy1, Outi Hovatta3, Johan Hyllner, Marta P. Imreh3, Marta P. Imreh15, Joseph Itskovitz-Eldor4, Jamie P. Jackson2, Jackie Johnson6, Mark Jones2, Kehkooi Kee16, Benjamin L. King, Barbara B. Knowles, Majlinda Lako17, Franck Lebrin18, Barbara S. Mallon9, Daisy Manning19, Yoav Mayshar7, Ronald D.G. McKay9, Anna E. Michalska6, Milla Mikkola20, Masha Mileikovsky12, Stephen L. Minger21, Harry Moore2, Christine L. Mummery, Andras Nagy, Norio Nakatsuji22, Carmel M. O’Brien6, Steve Oh, Cia Olsson20, Timo Otonkoski20, Kye-Yoon Park9, Robert Passier, Hema Patel1, Minal Patel21, Roger A. Pedersen10, Martin F. Pera23, Marian S Piekarczyk19, Renee A. Reijo Pera16, Benjamin Reubinoff, Allan J. Robins, Janet Rossant12, Peter J. Rugg-Gunn12, Peter J. Rugg-Gunn10, Thomas C Schulz, Henrik Semb, Eric S Sherrer, Henrike Siemen16, Glyn Stacey1, Miodrag Stojkovic17, Hirofumi Suemori22, Jin P. Szatkiewicz, Tikva Turetsky, Timo Tuuri20, Steineke van den Brink, Kristina Vintersten12, Sanna Vuoristo20, Dorien Ward, Thomas A Weaver, Lesley Young1, Weidong Zhang 
TL;DR: The International Stem Cell Initiative characterized 59 human embryonic stem cell lines from 17 laboratories worldwide and found that despite diverse genotypes and different techniques used for derivation and maintenance, all lines exhibited similar expression patterns for several markers ofhuman embryonic stem cells.
Abstract: The International Stem Cell Initiative characterized 59 human embryonic stem cell lines from 17 laboratories worldwide. Despite diverse genotypes and different techniques used for derivation and maintenance, all lines exhibited similar expression patterns for several markers of human embryonic stem cells. They expressed the glycolipid antigens SSEA3 and SSEA4, the keratan sulfate antigens TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81, GCTM2 and GCT343, and the protein antigens CD9, Thy1 (also known as CD90), tissue- nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and class 1 HLA, as well as the strongly developmentally regulated genes NANOG, POU5F1 (formerly known as OCT4), TDGF1, DNMT3B, GABRB3 and GDF3. Nevertheless, the lines were not identical: differences in expression of several lineage markers were evident, and several imprinted genes showed generally similar allele-specific expression patterns, but some gene-dependent variation was observed. Also, some female lines expressed readily detectable levels of XIST whereas others did not. No significant contamination of the lines with mycoplasma, bacteria or cytopathic viruses was detected.

1,064 citations


Authors

Showing all 86225 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Kari Alitalo174817114231
Ralph M. Steinman171453121518
Masayuki Yamamoto1711576123028
Karl Deisseroth160556101487
Kenji Kangawa1531117110059
Takashi Taniguchi1522141110658
Ben Zhong Tang1492007116294
Takeo Kanade147799103237
Yuji Matsuzawa143836116711
Tasuku Honjo14171288428
Kenneth M. Yamada13944672136
Y. B. Hsiung138125894278
Shuh Narumiya13759570183
Kevin P. Campbell13752160854
Junji Tojo13587884615
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023234
2022679
20218,533
20208,740
20198,050
20187,932