Showing papers by "Kyushu University published in 1975"
01 Jan 1975
1,415 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the directional wave spectrum can be approximated by the product of the frequencyspectrum and a unimodal angular distribution with mean direction approximately equal to that of the wind, and that various forms of frequency spectra exist, even in relatively simple wave systems, dependingon their generating conditions.
Abstract: Analysis of the directional spectra of typical sets of surface wave data obtained in the open sea as well asa bay using a cloverleaf buoy system are reported. It is shown that the directional wave spectrum can be approximated by the product of the frequencyspectrum and a unimodal angular distribution with mean direction approximately equal to that of thewind, and that various forms of frequency spectra exist, even in relatively simple wave systems, dependingon their generating conditions. Ocean waves at fairly short dimensionless fetches show spectral forms withvery narrow spectral width, which are similar to those of laboratory wind waves. On the other hand, thespectral forms for ocean waves at very long dimensionless fetches are quite similar to the Pierson-Moskowitzspectra, which are considered, within our present data, to be the wave spectra with the largest spectral width.Finally, there exist many ocean waves at moderate dimensionless fetches, which show spectral forms with interminate spect...
551 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an improved analytical treatment is developed which makes possible the satisfactory prediction of the liquid velocity distribution in two-phase bubble flow, and the agreement between the measured velocity profiles and those calculated is quite close especially in the core region of a duct.
530 citations
343 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the EEG preceding and following the myoclonic jerk was simultaneously averaged by the CNV program to overcome various drawbacks of the conventional polygraphic study of a relationship between myoclonus and EEG.
135 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that patients with these retinal artery changes in the region near the optic disk, if moderate to severe, have an increased risk of having or incurring cerebral hemorrhage and infarction, but the arterialChanges in the ora serrata do not always indicate risk of cerebral hemorrhages.
Abstract: Histological examinations of the intracerebral and retinal arteries were performed in patients who had cerebrovascular disease and in those cases who did not. Fibrinoid degeneration, fibrous nodule, and splitting, which are most frequently found in putamen, thalamus and pons, are thought to be the main changes in cerebral hemorrhage and infarction. Fibrous and fibro-hyalinoid thickenings of the retinal arteries were found mainly in the neighboring region of the optic disk, which reflects the changes of the intracerebral arteries. Hyalinoid thickening was found in the ora serrata, which does not reflect the changes of the intracerebral arteries.
Our results suggest that patients with these retinal artery changes in the region near the optic disk, if moderate to severe, have an increased risk of having or incurring cerebral hemorrhage and infarction, but the arterial changes in the ora serrata do not always indicate risk of cerebral hemorrhage and infarction.
134 citations
TL;DR: The EMGs recorded from the flexor muscles of both scapes showed that the latency of the movement of the ipsilateral flagellum when induced by odour was about 71 msec shorter than that of the contralateral flageLLum.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, measurements are made of the unsteady lifts and wakes of rectangular prisms oscillating transversely in a uniform flow with the short sides normal to the flow direction.
Abstract: Measurements are made of the unsteady lifts and wakes of rectangular prisms oscillating transversely in a uniform flow with the short sides normal to the flow direction. Rectangular prisms tested have three different side ratios of l, 2, and 4, respectively, and the tests are carried out in a wind tunnel. The phase angles of the frequency response components of both the unsteady lift and the near-wake velocity show abrupt change when the critical reduced wind velocity for vortex shedding is approached. This is suggested to be one of the key phenomena to solving the problem of vortex excitation of bluff structures. For all of the three rectangular prisms tested, the linear quasi-steady aerodynamic theory of galloping is found to be applicable until reduced wind velocity is lowered fairly closely to the aforementioned critical reduced wind velocity. However, the reason why the applicability of the theory to such low reduced wind velocities may be fortuitous is also mentioned. Further analyses are made of the instability occurring in a restricted range of reduced wind velocity well below the critical.
101 citations
TL;DR: Malonic acid, mevalonic Acid, geraniol and nerol were incorporated into tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and cannabichromenic acid in Cannabis sativa and CannabichROMenic acid was shown to be formed on a side pathway from cannabigerolic acid.
95 citations
01 Feb 1975
TL;DR: In this article, a discussion whether or not the contribution of water must be introduced into a thermodynamic equation of micellization was made on the basis of a phase separation model.
Abstract: A discussion whether or not the contribution of water must be introduced into a thermodynamic equation of micellization was made on the basis of a phase separation model. As a result, an enthalpy change on micelle formation at very low CMC can be fairly approximated by the conventional expression, ΔHm = − nRT2(∂ ln CMC/∂T)p. The contributions of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups to the enthalpy change were investigated for the case of four kinds of sodium alkyl sulfates with different chain lengths from C8 to C14 over the temperature range from 10 to 55°C. It was found that the hydrophilic part has a major contribution at lower temperatures but at higher temperatures it gives a minor contribution, and that the hydrophilic part of ΔHm is always positive having a minimum around 40°C, while the hydrophobic part is always negative and decreases monotonically with temperature. Furthermore, the water around the hydrophilic head group was found to have a great effect on the CMC; when a parameter due to the water is selected properly, the degree of dissociation of micelle and other electrochemical properties at the micellar surface can be calculated to be the reasonable values.
92 citations
TL;DR: Using aluminum chloride as a catalyst, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were converted into carbons of two different structures, although at the early stage all carbonization processes proceeded via molten phase as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: Guinea pig polymorphonuclear leucocytes reduced cytochrome c when treated with cytochalasin E, which indicates that superoxide anions are generated and released into the outside medium by the treatment.
TL;DR: In this article, a second-order DWBA analysis was performed for the 124,130 Te(p, t) 122,128 Te reactions at E p = 51.9 MeV.
01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, self-diffusion coefficients of oxygen were determined for 40CaO•2OAl2O3•4OSiO2, 16Na2O•12 CaO•72SiO2 and 20NaO•80SiO 2 in the liquid state by a gas-liquid exchange technique using 0-18 as the tracer.
Abstract: Self-diffusion coefficients of oxygen were determined for 40CaO•2OAl2O3•4OSiO2, 16Na2O•12CaO•72SiO2, and 20Na2O•80SiO2 in the liquid state by a gas-liquid exchange technique using 0–18 as the tracer. The activation energies obtained were 54.3, 38.6, and 44.5 kcal/mol, respectively, which were close to those for viscous flow of the respective glasses. The relationship between the oxygen dif fusivity and viscosity was interpreted in accordance with Eyring’s model for viscous flow. Measurements of self-diffusion coefficients of oxygen for the slag and the soda-lime-silica glass were extended through the super-cooled liquid range to the solid state. In both cases the self-dif fusion coefficients showed steep temperature dependence in the temperature range until they finally reached the values reported for their respective solid states. The effect of surface exchange coefficient on the determined self-diffusion coefficient in the gas-liquid exchange technique was discussed.
TL;DR: It is suggested that bilateral carotid occlusion in SHR may cause more severe circulatory changes which result in increased anaerobic metabolism and spontaneous hyperventilation following cerebral ischemia.
Abstract: Brain lactate, pyruvate, and arterial acid-base balance were measured in normotensive rats (NTR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) 60 minutes after bilateral carotid artery ligation. Brain lactate and lactate-pyruvate ratios were significantly increased in both SHR and NTR following carotid occlusion, although lactate increase in the former was six and one-half times greater than in the latter. These findings suggest that bilateral carotid occlusion in SHR may cause more severe circulatory changes which result in increased anaerobic metabolism. Furthermore, higher brain lactate was concomitant with lower arterial carbon dioxide tension. The mechanism of spontaneous hyperventilation following cerebral ischemia was discussed.
TL;DR: It is suggested that certain taste bud cells of the foliate papilla contain a biogenic monoamine, probably 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin).
Abstract: The fluorescence histochemical examination on biogenic amines of the rabbit's foliate papilla revealed that a specific monoamine exhibiting an yellow fluorescence was present in a certain cell type of taste buds. The fluorescence had the emission maximum at 520 mμ and faded rapidly under the influence of the UV-irradiation. The green fluorescence of adrenergic nerve had the emission maximum at 480 mμ and was fairly stable upon the UV-irradiation. The yellow fluorescence disappeared completely following reserpine treatment, while it was markedly enhanced by nialamide treatment. From the observations, it is suggested that certain taste bud cells of the foliate papilla contain a biogenic monoamine, probably 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin).
TL;DR: Preincubation of bleomycin with these reducing or oxidizing agents reduced the DNA-degrading activity of the antibiotic, however, this reduction in activity was observed even in the absence of oxygen, or in preincubsation mixture supplemented with radical scavenger.
Abstract: The effects of reducing agents, such as 2-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol, L-ascorbic acid, or sodium borohydride, and oxidizing agents, such as hydrogen peroxide or dehydroascorbic acid, on the in vitro action of bleomycin were investigated. After the incubation of DNA with a low concentration of bleomycin and a reducing or oxidizing agent, single strand breaks were mainly caused in the DNA molecules. The degradation of DNA was largely prevented by the removal of oxygen, or by the addition of divalent cations or of S-(2-aminoethyl)isothiuronium bromide hydrobromide, a radical scavenger, to the incubation mixture. Preincubation of bleomycin with these reducing or oxidizing agents reduced the DNA-degrading activity of the antibiotic. However, this reduction in activity was observed even in the absence of oxygen, or in preincubation mixture supplemented with radical scavenger.
TL;DR: In this article, the growth rate of needle crystals showed maxima against titanium tetrachloride and nitrogen concentrations, and the maximum growth rate observed was ∼ 3 x 10-5 cm/sec.
TL;DR: Aspergillus awamori var. kawachi produced selectively one of the three types of glucoamylases under different conditions in the submerged cultures at the controlled pH of 6.5 to 7.0.
Abstract: Aspergillus awamori var. kawachi produced selectively one of the three types of glucoamylases under the following different conditions in the submerged cultures at the controlled pH of 6.5 to 7.0: (1) the raw-starch digestive glucoamylase, type I, by a cultivation in the synthetic medium containing ammonium citrate as a nitrogen source, deficient in zinc and sufficient in phosphate, for a shorter period of 30 hr at 35°C; (2) one of the raw-starch indigestive glucoamylases, type I, showing the same hydrolysis curves for gelatinized starch as the type I, by a cultivation in the synthetic medium containing ammonium acetate as a nitrogen source, sufficient in zinc, for 50 hr at 30°C; (3) the other of the raw-starch indigestive glucoamylases, type II, that was less susceptible for α-1,6 glucosidic linkages of gelatinized starch, by a cultivation in the synthetic medium containing glucose, casein-peptone and sufficient amount of inorganic elements, especially calcium and zinc, for 96 hr at 25°C.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the validity of the C M α criterion for torsional flutter by finding a possible correlation between the onset of flutter and the sign of C m α at each axis position.
Abstract: Prismatic bar models tested are of rectangular cross section and are provided with different side ratios (depth/height) of 1, 2, 4, and 5. The position of axis of rotation of the model, which is spring-mounted so as to oscillate in torsion, is varied along one of the center lines of the cross section to see the axis position effects on torsional flutter. The validity of the C M α criterion for torsional flutter is examined by finding a possible correlation between the onset of flutter and the sign of C M α (steady aerodynamic torsional moment derivative) at each axis position. Theoretical analyses of unsteady aerodynamic torsional moment acting on a bluff structure oscillating in torsion reveal that it has two constituents, one arising from the fluid memory effect, and other from the quasi-steady flow effect. It is indicated that the C M α criterion for torsional flutter is applicable to cases where the fluid memory effect is predominant. Further analysis comprising the measurements of the wake velocity variations and the flow visualization results emphasizes the significant role played by the fluid memory effect in the torsional flutter of structures.
TL;DR: In this article, the mineralogy of the clay fraction was determined by a combination of methods on samples of eight layers from each of two profiles, five layers were derived from andesitic ash and three layers from dacitic ash.
TL;DR: Feces protein particles (FPP), spherical or oval in shape, 1.0~3.5 μ in diameter, which were observed in the fresh feces of the Japanese, in an average density of 5 × 109/g, resembled the rice protein bodies (RPB) in electron-microscopical fine structure as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Feces protein particles (FPP), spherical or oval in shape, 1.0~3.5 μ in diameter, which were observed in the fresh feces of the Japanese, in an average density of 5 × 109/g, resembled the rice protein bodies (RPB) in electron-microscopical fine structure. The FPP decreased in the feces of the man who had been given a rice-free diet consisting of steamed sweet potato; when boiled rice had been fed, the FPP increased, and reached the level of the original density within 5 days. The FPP were concluded to be derived from an indigestible fraction of the RPB which were supplied to the Japanese with the daily intake of rice.
TL;DR: An increase in CSF lactate with a concomitant rise inCSF L/P ratio is a useful indicator for brain tissue hypoxia, even when CSF is hemorrhagic.
Abstract: The effect of blood injected into either subarachnoid space or subcortical brain tissue upon lactate and pyruvate concentrations as well as acid-base balance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was studied in the anesthetized dog CSF lactate and lactate/pyruvate ratio (L/P ratio) increased progressively following the intracranial injection of blood and reached the maximum level at six hours after injection These changes were significantly greater in animals with intracerebral hematoma than in those with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) An increase in CSF lactate and L/P ratio in hemorrhagic CSF seems to be caused by two different factors Shed blood cells per se produce lactate and pyruvate, and blood in the subarachnoid space and intracerebral hematomas cause secondary changes in brain tissue metabolism by a probable reduction of cerebral blood flow Therefore, an increase in CSF lactate with a concomitant rise in CSF L/P ratio is a useful indicator for brain tissue hypoxia, even when CSF is hemorrhagic The association of an increase in CSF lactate to a disproportionate decrease in CSF HCO-3 was also observed in these animals
TL;DR: The P1 component, “pre-motion positivity”, was recognized in 5 out of 9 subjects on unilateral thumb movement and P1 was dominant over the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to the contracting muscles on bilateral simultaneous thumb movement.
Abstract: Cortical potentials associated with unilateral and bilateral simultaneous thumb opposition were studied in 9 healthy subjects. The P1 component, “pre-motion positivity”, was recognized in 5 out of 9 subjects on unilateral thumb movement. In all subjects in whom P1 was recognized, P1 was dominant over the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to the contracting muscles. On bilateral simultaneous thumb movement, however, P1 was not discerned in any subject. This is compatible with the assumption that P1 is related to an inhibition of imitative movement of the opposite hand (mirror movement). The N2 component had its onset after the start of muscle contraction in most cases, suggesting that N2 might not reflect activation of the corticospinal pathways.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of water on the mechanical properties of a quartz-rich sand is investigated by using the results obtained from high pressure triaxial tests on the sand in both dry and saturated states.
TL;DR: In this paper, the nonlinear dependence of stress tensor on a thermal driving force is investigated by a direct extension of the mode-coupling theory to far-from-equilibrium situation.
Abstract: In a steady state of fluid the nonlinear dependence of stress tensor on a thermal driving force is investigated by a direct extension of the mode-coupling theory to far-from-equilibrium situation. The steady state is generated from a local equilibrium state having the same average values of gross variables as in the steady state. In the lowest approximation for the mode-coupling term ·the explicit expression of the stress tensor is obtained and evaluated. The effects of the higher mode-coupling approximations on the stress tensor are also briefly examined.
TL;DR: Results showed that antibody-fforming capacity of mice was depressed after tumor grafing and recovered after administration of PS-K, a protein-bound polysaccharide from a basidiomycetes.
Abstract: PS-K, a protein-bound polysaccharide from a basidiomycetes, was found to suppress tumor growth after grafting of sarcoma-180 or Ehrlich tumor in ICR mice. In the present study, effect of PS-K on antibody-forming capacities was examined in tumor-bearing mice and normal controls. 1) PS-K did not enhance the capacities of normal mice to produce antibodies against sheep erythrocytes (SRBC), hamster erythrocytes (HRBC), and trinitrophenyl group (TNP). 2) The capacities of mice to produce IgG antibody against SRBC, IgM antibody aganist HRBC, and IgG antibody against TNP were depressed after grafting of sarcoma-180. Intraperitoneal injection of PS-K restored these capacities to the normal levels. 3) Oral as well as intraperitoneal administration of PS-K restored the capacity of the mice bearing sarcoma-180 to produce IgG antibody against SRBC. 4) The capacity to produce IgG antibody against SRBC was depressed after grafting of Ehrlick tumor and it recovered to the normal level after intraperitoneal injection of PS-K. These results showed that antibody-fforming capacity of mice was depressed after tumor grafing and recovered after administration of PS-K.