Kyushu University

About: Kyushu University is a education organization based out in Fukuoka, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 68284 authors who have published 135190 publications receiving 3055928 citations. The organization is also known as: Kyūshū Daigaku.

Luminosity determination in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Abstract: The luminosity determination for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during pp collisions at s√= 8 TeV in 2012 is presented. The evaluation of the luminosity scale is performed using several luminometers ...

Role of nitric oxide in reactive hyperemia in human forearm vessels.

Abstract: BACKGROUNDThe role of nitric oxide (NO) in reactive hyperemia (RH) is not well known. We investigated whether NO plays a role in RH in human forearm vessels by examining the effects of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), a blocker of NO synthesis, on reactive hyperemic flow.METHODS AND RESULTSForearm blood flow (FBF) was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography with a venous occlusion technique. The left brachial artery was cannulated for drug infusion and direct measurement of arterial pressure. To produce RH, blood flow to the forearm was prevented by inflation of a cuff on the upper arm to suprasystolic pressure for intervals of 3 and 10 minutes. After the release of arterial occlusion (AO), FBF was measured every 15 seconds for 3 minutes. Resting FBF was 4.3 +/- 0.3 mL.min-1.100 mL-1 before 3 minutes of AO and 4.1 +/- 0.6 mL.min-1.100 mL-1 before 10 minutes of AO. FBF increased to 32.3 +/- 1.9 and 38.2 +/- 3.1 mL.min-1.100 mL-1 immediately after 3 and 10 minutes of AO, respectively, and gradually decay...

Catalytic autothermal reforming of methane and propane over supported metal catalysts

Abstract: Catalytic autothermal reforming of methane and propane over supported metal catalysts has been investigated in the present study. The carbon deposition region and the heat balance of the reaction have been determined from the equilibrium calculations. The sequence of the activities of the 2 wt.% metal on alumina support for autothermal reforming of methane was Rh>Pd>Ni>Pt>Co. The catalytic activity of 10 wt.% Ni/Al 2 O 3 was higher than that of the 2 wt.% Rh/Al 2 O 3 . The activity of Ni was significantly lowered by the preferential oxidation of the catalyst in the reactant gas at low temperatures. Although little carbon deposition was observed for the autothermal reforming of methane in the deposition-free region expected from the equilibrium, a large amount of carbon deposition was observed for the propane autothermal reforming even in the steam-rich conditions. The deposited carbon possessed fibrous morphology. The catalytic autothermal reforming appears to be initiated by decomposition of hydrocarbon at the inlet zone; then the reforming reaction subsequently proceeded in the catalyst bed.

Genome-wide parent-of-origin DNA methylation analysis reveals the intricacies of human imprinting and suggests a germline methylation-independent mechanism of establishment

Abstract: Genomic imprinting is a form of epigenetic regulation that results in the expression of either the maternally or paternally inherited allele of a subset of genes (Ramowitz and Bartolomei 2011). This imprinted expression of transcripts is crucial for normal mammalian development. In humans, loss-of-imprinting of specific loci results in a number of diseases exemplified by the reciprocal growth phenotypes of the Beckwith-Wiedemann and Silver-Russell syndromes, and the behavioral disorders Angelman and Prader-Willi syndromes (Kagami et al. 2008; Buiting 2010; Choufani et al. 2010; Eggermann 2010; Kelsey 2010; Mackay and Temple 2010). In addition, aberrant imprinting also contributes to multigenic disorders associated with various complex traits and cancer (Kong et al. 2009; Monk 2010). Imprinted loci contain differentially methylated regions (DMRs) where cytosine methylation marks one of the parental alleles, providing cis-acting regulatory elements that influence the allelic expression of surrounding genes. Some DMRs acquire their allelic methylation during gametogenesis, when the two parental genomes are separated, resulting from the cooperation of the de novo methyltransferase DNMT3A and its cofactor DNMT3L (Bourc'his et al. 2001; Hata et al. 2002). These primary, or germline imprinted DMRs are stably maintained throughout somatic development, surviving the epigenetic reprogramming at the oocyte-to-embryo transition (Smallwood et al. 2011; Smith et al. 2012). To confirm that an imprinted DMR functions as an imprinting control region (ICR), disruption of the imprinted expression upon genetic deletion of that DMR, either through experimental targeting in mouse or that which occurs spontaneously in humans, is required. A subset of DMRs, known as secondary DMRs, acquire methylation during development and are regulated by nearby germline DMRs in a hierarchical fashion (Coombes et al. 2003; Lopes et al. 2003; Kagami et al. 2010). With the advent of large-scale, base-resolution methylation technologies, it is now possible to discriminate allelic methylation dictated by sequence variants from imprinted methylation. Yet our knowledge of the total number of imprinted DMRs in humans, and their developmental dynamics, remains incomplete, hampered by genetic heterogeneity of human samples. Here we present high-resolution mapping of human imprinted methylation. We performed whole-genome-wide bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on leukocyte-, brain-, liver-, and placenta-derived DNA samples to identify partially methylated regions common to all tissues consistent with imprinted DMRs. We subsequently confirmed the partial methylated states in tissues using high-density methylation microarrays. The parental origin of methylation was determined by comparing microarray data for DNA samples from reciprocal genome-wide uniparental disomy (UPD) samples, in which all chromosomes are inherited from one parent (Lapunzina and Monk 2011), and androgenetic hydatidiform moles, which are created by the fertilization of an oocyte lacking a nucleus by a sperm that endoreduplicates. The use of uniparental disomies and hydatidiform moles meant that our analyses were not subjected to genotype influences, enabling us to characterize all known imprinted DMRs at base-pair resolution and to identify 21 imprinted domains, which we show are absent in mice. Lastly, we extended our analyses to determine the methylation profiles of all imprinted DMRs in sperm, stem cells derived from parthenogenetically activated metaphase-2 oocyte blastocytes (phES) (Mai et al. 2007; Harness et al. 2011), and stem cells (hES) generated from both six-cell blastomeres and the inner cell mass of blastocysts, delineating the extent of embryonic reprogramming that occurs at these loci during human development.

Oxadiazole- and triazole-based highly-efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for organic light-emitting diodes

Abstract: We developed highly-efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters containing 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (OXD) or 3,4,5-triphenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ) electron acceptor and phenoxazine (PXZ) electron donor moieties. Oxadiazole-based compounds PXZ-OXD and 2PXZ-OXD showed green emission, while the triazole-based ones PXZ-TAZ and 2PXZ-TAZ exhibited sky-blue emission. In toluene solution, the donor–acceptor–donor-type molecules 2PXZ-OXD and 2PXZ-TAZ showed more efficient TADF and higher photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) than the donor–acceptor-type molecules PXZ-OXD and PXZ-TAZ. When doped into a host material, 2PXZ-OXD displayed a high PLQY of 87%. An organic light-emitting diode using 2PXZ-OXD as an emitter exhibited an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.9%, which exceeds those obtained with conventional fluorescent emitters. This high EQE results from the efficient generation of TADF in 2PXZ-OXD.