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Institution

Laboratory of Molecular Biology

FacilityCambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
About: Laboratory of Molecular Biology is a facility organization based out in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Gene & RNA. The organization has 19395 authors who have published 24236 publications receiving 2101480 citations.
Topics: Gene, RNA, DNA, Population, Transcription (biology)


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
15 May 1975-Nature
TL;DR: An atomic model of the electron transfer protein ferredoxin was built, replaced its amino acid side chains in turn to correspond to the published sequences and searched for possible causes of the greater heat stability of ferredoxins from thermophile bacteria found that it arises mainly from external salt bridges linking residues near the amino terminus to others near the carboxy terminus.
Abstract: MOST enzymes are quickly inactivated above about 55 °C but those from thermophile bacteria are stable for long periods at higher temperatures1. We do not know why because so far their structures have proved too complex. For example although the tertiary and quaternary structures of the enzyme glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase from lobster muscle and from Bacterium stearothermophilus are alike their amino acid sequences differ by more than 130 out of some 330 positions which makes it hard to decide why the stearothermophilus enzyme is more stable. The electron transfer protein ferredoxin offers a better chance because its single polypeptide chain contains fewer than 60 residues; its structure is known and its heat stability and amino acid sequence have been determined in both mesophile and thermophile bacteria. We have built an atomic model of this protein, replaced its amino acid side chains in turn to correspond to the published sequences and searched for possible causes of the greater heat stability of ferredoxins from thermophile bacteria. We found that it arises mainly from external salt bridges linking residues near the amino terminus to others near the carboxy terminus. Haemoglobin A2 a minor fraction of adult human haemoglobin which is a little more heat stable than the major fraction, haemoglobin A, seemed another good choice because its amino acid sequence differs from that of A at only 10 positions. The atomic model suggests that at only two of these positions are the replacements likely to contribute to the extra stability of haemoglobin A2 one replacement providing an extra hydrogen bond between the α1 and β1 subunits and the other adding two non-polar interactions to a surface crevice within the β subunits. To account for the increased heat stability of the two proteins the extra bond energy provided by these interactions need not be larger than 10 kJ for ferredoxin or 5 kJ for haemoglobin A2.

404 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
16 Jun 1989-Cell
TL;DR: These tumors appear to be an adequate model for human breast cancers overexpressing c-neu, and the expression of the activated c-NEu oncogene was necessary but not sufficient to induce malignant transformation of the mammary epithelial cells.

404 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
28 Sep 1990-Science
TL;DR: Treatment of human endothelial cell populations with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to the human IL-1 alpha transcript prevented cell senescence and extended the proliferative life-span of the cells in vitro, suggesting that human endothelium cellsenescence in vitro is a dynamic process regulated by the potential intracellular activity of IL- 1 alpha.
Abstract: The proliferative potential of human diploid endothelial cells is finite, and cellular senescence in vitro is accompanied by the failure of the endothelial cell to respond to exogenous growth factors. Senescent human endothelial cells were shown to contain high amounts of the transcript for the cytokine interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), a potent inhibitor of endothelial cell proliferation in vitro. In contrast, transformed human endothelial cells did not contain detectable IL-1 alpha messenger RNA. Treatment of human endothelial cell populations with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to the human IL-1 alpha transcript prevented cell senescence and extended the proliferative life-span of the cells in vitro. Removal of the IL-1 alpha antisense oligomer resulted in the generation of the senescent phenotype and loss of proliferative potential. These data suggest that human endothelial cell senescence in vitro is a dynamic process regulated by the potential intracellular activity of IL-1 alpha.

404 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Derivatives of the pig muscle enzyme prepared by oxidation of the native enzyme with performic acid, and by carboxymethylation with iodo[1- 14 C]acetic acid in 8 M -urea, have been shown to contain four unique residues of cysteine, indicating that the structural monomer in the enzyme contains four unique cysteines and that disulphide bridges do not contribute to its molecular structure.

403 citations


Authors

Showing all 19431 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Robert J. Lefkowitz214860147995
Ronald M. Evans199708166722
Tony Hunter175593124726
Marc G. Caron17367499802
Mark Gerstein168751149578
Timothy A. Springer167669122421
Harvey F. Lodish165782101124
Ira Pastan1601286110069
Bruce N. Ames158506129010
Philip Cohen154555110856
Gerald M. Rubin152382115248
Ashok Kumar1515654164086
Kim Nasmyth14229459231
Kenneth M. Yamada13944672136
Harold E. Varmus13749676320
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20239
202265
20211,222
20201,165
20191,082
2018945