Showing papers by "Ladoke Akintola University of Technology published in 2017"
TL;DR: In this article, the threat posed by increasing amount of dyes on daily basis, especially on our ecosystem, has brought a serious search for more efficient low-cost adsorbents.
Abstract: The threat posed by increasing amount of dyes on daily basis, especially on our ecosystem, has brought a serious search for more efficient low-cost adsorbents. Sand is mixed with cement and water to make concrete, used in the manufacture of brick, glass and other materials, and it can also be used as a medium for the filtration of water. Sand, which is ubiquitous, has been used as an adsorbent because of its enormous availability in the local environment. This review reveals that further research must be conducted to bring to the fore the expansive laboratory, industrial and environmental usage of sand materials as dye adsorbents. Consequently, the usage of different types of sand in the field of adsorption science represents a viable and powerful tool, resulting into the superior improvement in pollution control and environmental preservation.
422 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss extensively multi-component synthetic organic compounds and phytochemicals of green inhibitors with S, N and O functionalities in their structure, for use as corrosion inhibitors against the corrosion of offshore oil and gas production facilities.
133 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new and novel adsorbent was obtained by impregnation of Moringa oleifera leaf in H2SO4 and NaOH, respectively.
Abstract: A new and novel adsorbent was obtained by impregnation of Moringa oleifera leaf in H2SO4 and NaOH, respectively. Prepared adsorbents were characterized using elemental analysis, FT-IR, SEM, TGA and EDX analyses, respectively. The effects of operational parameters, such as pH, moisture content, ash content, porosity and iodine number on these adsorbents were investigated and compared with those of commercial activated carbon (CAC). EDX results of acid activated M. oleifera leaf have the highest percentage of carbon by weight (69.40 %) and (76.11 %) by atom, respectively. Proximate analysis showed that the fixed carbon content of acid activated M. oleifera leaf (69.14 ± 0.01) was the highest of all adsorbents studied. Conclusively, the present investigation shows that acid activated M. oleifera leaf is a good alternative adsorbent that could be used in lieu of CAC for recovery of dyes and heavy metal from aqueous solutions and other separation techniques.
111 citations
TL;DR: Results showed that the regular administration of C. spinosa leaf or buds normalized all the biochemical parameters and reversed the liver/kidney injury with variable degrees of organ protection.
102 citations
TL;DR: Guava leaf, a waste material, was treated and activated to prepare adsorbent and the adsorent was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Guava leaf, a waste material, was treated and activated to prepare adsorbent. The adsorbent was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from guava leaf had appreciable carbon content (86.84 %). The adsorption of Congo red dye onto guava leaf-based activated carbon (GLAC) was studied in this research. Experimental data were analyzed by four different model equations: Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms and it was found to fit Freundlich equation most. Adsorption rate constants were determined using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion model equations. The results clearly showed that the adsorption of CR dye onto GLAC followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Intraparticle diffusion was involved in the adsorption process. The mean energy of adsorption calculated from D-R isotherm confirmed the involvement of physical adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters were obtained and it was found that the adsorption of CR dye onto GLAC was an exothermic and spontaneous process at the temperatures under investigation. The maximum adsorption of CR dye by GLAC was found to be 47.62 mg/g. The study shows that GLAC is an effective adsorbent for the adsorption of CR dye from aqueous solution.
86 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review article addresses the synthetic strategies with special emphasis on dynamic covalent chemistry and potential application of COFs for CO2 capture, including strategies of introducing extra tools in COFs to enhance their crystallininty, porosity and chemical stability.
Abstract: As a novel class of porous crystalline organic materials assembled from molecular building blocks, the synthetic strategies of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) allow for the design and construction of new crystalline materials since their properties can easily be tuned through appropriate selection of the building blocks and the linkage motif. Their fascinating and versatile properties have made them to emerge as a platform for functional explorations and applications in CO2 capture. This review article addresses the synthetic strategies with special emphasis on dynamic covalent chemistry and potential application of COFs for CO2 capture. Recent advancements in the synthesis of COFs, including the strategies and principles involved are discussed. Also discussed are strategies of introducing extra tools in COFs to enhance their crystallininty, porosity and chemical stability, which are important parameters in the applications of COFs for post-combustion capture of CO2 in the CCS technology.
83 citations
TL;DR: In-vivo assays showed that twice-daily administration of J. regia L. leaf resulted in weight gain, glycaemic control, reversal of dyslipidaemia and biochemical evidences of liver/kidney injury, and protection against pancreas, liver and kidney tissue injury.
78 citations
TL;DR: Results of the proximate analysis showed that moringa seed powder addition significantly contributed to micronutrient deficiency among children and pregnant women in Africa.
76 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of different concentrations of AgNPs biologically synthesized using pod extract of Cola nitida on antioxidant activity, phenolic contents, flavonoid contents and compositions of Amaranthus caudatus L. was investigated.
Abstract: This study investigates the influence of different concentrations of AgNPs biologically synthesized using pod extract of Cola nitida on antioxidant activity, phenolic contents, flavonoid contents and compositions of Amaranthus caudatus L. AgNPs of 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 ppm were utilized in growing A. caudatus while water was used as control. Delayed germination for two days was observed for A. caudatus grown with 150 ppm of AgNPs, while others showed no difference. There were 43.3, 38.7, 26.7 and 6.48% improvements in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity of A. caudatus grown with 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm of AgNPs, respectively, compared to control. Antioxidant activity of A. caudatus grown with AgNPs reduced with increase in the concentrations of AgNPs. A. caudatus grown with 50 ppm of AgNPs was the most potent with the least IC50 of 0.67 mg/ml. Significant improvements obtained for phenolic and flavonoid contents grown with AgNPs were concentration dependent. Enhancements of 21.9, 68.19, and 1.98% in phenolic contents were achieved in treatments with 25, 50 and 75 ppm AgNPs, respectively, while 32.58, 35.80, and 7.20% improvement in flavonoids were obtained for 25, 50 and 100 ppm treatments, respectively. Kaempferol and quercetin were the most abundant flavonoids in A. caudatus treated with 50 ppm of AgNPs, showing the highest flavonoid composition. This further confirms A. caudatus grown with 50 ppm of AgNPs as the most potent. This study has shown that concentration-dependent AgNPs can be used to boost antioxidant activity and phytochemical contents of vegetables.
73 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, cocoa bean extract (CBE) was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) under ambient conditions, which had size range of 8.96-54.22nm with λmax occurring at 438.5-nm.
Abstract: In this work, cocoa bean extract (CBE) was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) under ambient conditions. The fairly polydispersed spherical CBE-AgNPs had size range of 8.96–54.22 nm with λmax occurring at 438.5 nm. The prominent peaks at 3275.13 and 1635.54 cm−1 from FTIR data laid credence to the involvement of phenolics and proteins in the biofabrication and stabilization of CBE-AgNPs. Energy dispersive X-ray and selected area electron diffraction studies showed the conspicuous presence of silver in colloidal solution with distinctive crystalline face-centered cubic phase of AgNPs. CBE-AgNPs showed appreciable activities against multi-drug resistant bacteria, producing zones of inhibition of 10–14 mm, and also enhanced activities of ampicillin, cefuroxime, cefixime and erythromycin by 42.9–100 % in synergistic studies. It produced pronounced antimicrobial activities against several bacteria and fungi, when incorporated into emulsion paint. Furthermore CBE-AgNPs showed good larvicidal activities against Anopheles gambiae mosquito larvae with LC50 of 44.37 µg/ml, while it also prevented the coagulation of human blood. This study established synthesis of AgNPs using CBE as a viable green route approach, with remarkable antimicrobial, larvicidal and anticoagulant activities. As far as we know, this is the first report of the use of CBE to synthesize AgNPs.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the hydrogen peroxide scavenging, anticoagulant and thrombolytic activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that were biosynthesized using extracts obtained from spider cobweb (CB), pod (KP), seed (KS) and seed shell (KSS) of kolanut (Cola nitida).
Abstract: The present study examines the hydrogen peroxide scavenging, anticoagulant and thrombolytic activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that were biosynthesized using extracts obtained from spider cobweb (CB), pod (KP), seed (KS) and seed shell (KSS) of kolanut (Cola nitida). The nearly spherical shaped AgNPs, with surface plasmon resonance of 431.5–457.5 nm, were polydispersed having sizes of 3–50, 12–80, 8–50, and 5–40 nm for CB, KP, KS and KSS-AgNPs respectively. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of 77–99.8% were obtained using 1–20 µg/ml of AgNPs. The particles prevented the coagulation of blood, and also showed thrombolytic activities of 55.76–89.83%, with KSS-AgNPs having the highest activity. Microscopic examination of the lyzed blood clot supported the thrombolytic activities. On the other hand, silver nitrate solution showed negligible activity of 1.92%, while thrombolysis of 7.55, 8.70, 8.93 and 30.19% were obtained for the extracts of KSS, CB, KS and KP respectively. The results herein presented showed potential biomedical applications of the biosynthesized AgNPs to scavenge free radicals and for the management of blood coagulation disorders and thrombotic diseases.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT) from model oil by silver nanoparticles modified activated carbon prepared from brewer's spent grains using wet impregnation (WI) method.
Abstract: This study reports removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT) from model oil (DBT dissolved in n-heptane) by silver nanoparticles modified activated carbon prepared from brewer’s spent grains using wet impregnation (WI) method. The removal efficiency follows the order A g N P s c w / A C > A g N P s k p / A C > ACB. The AgNPskp/AC and AgNPscw/AC exhibit higher adsorption capacities for DBT with maximum values of 25.7 and 29.8 mg DBT/gAds at 25 °C respectively, than ACB with 13.9 mg DBT/gAds. The two-fold enhancement in the DBT uptake capacities of modified ACs can be attributed to the introduction of Ag(1) ion, a weak Lewis acid as an additional adsorption site. A significant decrease from 212.9 to 136.2 m2/g in the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of AgNPscw/AC is observed following the loading of DBT. The equilibrium adsorption data is adequately represented by Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption kinetics of DBT by these adsorbents followed pseudo second-order (PSO) model and the mechanism of adsorption was controlled by film and intra-particle diffusion. The change in entropy and heat of adsorption for DBT adsorption by these adsorbents range from 0.18 to 0.19 kJ/mol K and 21.5 to 23.9 kJ/mol, respectively. The results indicate that Ag nanoparticles-modified ACs from brewer’s spent grains can be used as adsorbent for the removal of DBT from model oil.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Reports have shown that bioactive compounds in plants with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, ability to protect vascular endothelium, prevent lipid oxidation, and augment endogenous antioxidant system are cardioprotective, and Phenolics and flavonoids in medicinal plants have been widely reported to play these major roles.
Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is a compound name for clusters of disorders afflicting the heart and blood vessels; it is assuming an increasing role as a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Unhealthy practices such as smoking, high intake of saturated fat and cholesterol, diabetes and physical inactivity are predisposing factors. The risk factors cause alteration in vascular integrity, compromised membrane integrity, increase free radical generation and reduced endogenous antioxidant system resulting in oxidative stress. Substance with ability to maintain vascular integrity, prevent, or reduce radical formation are able to treat cardiovascular disease. Conventional drugs in use to this effect are with side effect and as alternative, medicinal plants are increasingly gaining acceptance from the public and medical professionals. Reports have shown that bioactive compounds in plants with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, ability to protect vascular endothelium, prevent lipid oxidation, and augment endogenous antioxidant system are cardioprotective. Phenolics and flavonoids in medicinal plants have been widely reported to play these major roles. This study reviewed the role of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants using a wide range database search.
TL;DR: Physiologically individualized therapy based on renin/aldosterone phenotyping significantly improved blood pressure control in a sample of African patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
TL;DR: An eco-friendly and economical synthesis of AuNPs by non-pathogenic strains of Enterococcus species for various nanobiotechnological applications is presented.
Abstract: In the current work, cell-free extracts of four strains of non-pathogenic Enterococcus species of food origin, were studied for the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) The AuNPs were evaluated for their Anopheles gambiae larvicidal, dye degradation, antioxidant and thrombolytic activities The blue-black colloidal AuNPs which absorbed maximally at 549-552nm were nearly spherical in shape, and crystalline in nature with size of 8-50nm The EDX spectra showed formation of AuNPs to the tune of 89-94% The prominent FTIR peaks obtained at 3251-3410, 2088 and 1641-1643cm-1 alluded to the fact that proteins were involved in the biofabrication and capping of AuNPs AuNPs degraded methylene blue and malachite green by 243-576%, and 8885-9736% respectively in 24h, whereas at 12h, larvicidal activities with LC50 of 2128-4233μg/ml were obtained DPPH scavenging activities of 3324-5147% were obtained for the biosynthesized AuNPs The AuNPs prevented coagulation of blood and also achieved 94-946% lysis of blood clot showing potential nanomedical applications This study has presented an eco-friendly and economical synthesis of AuNPs by non-pathogenic strains of Enterococcus species for various nanobiotechnological applications
TL;DR: The acid-modified adsorbent (MOSPAC) was characterized using Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), pH point of zero charge (pHpzc) and Boehm Titration (BT) techniques, respectively as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Moringa oliferia seed pod was modified using orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) and used as adsorbent for sequestering Rhodamine B (Rh-B) dye from aqueous solution. The acid-modified adsorbent (MOSPAC) was characterized using Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), pH point of zero charge (pHpzc) and Boehm Titration (BT) techniques, respectively. Operational parameters such as contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH and solution temperature were studied in batch process. Optimum dye adsorption was observed at pH 3.01. Equilibrium adsorption data was tested data using four different isotherm models: Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich. Langmuir isotherm model fitted most with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 1250 mg g–1. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the best correlation for the experimental data. Thermodynamic study showed that the process is endothermic, spontaneous and feasible. ...
TL;DR: The ways of overcoming barriers to fly ash utilization together with regeneration studies are discussed, and adsorption process is considered better than other methods because of convenience, easy operation and simplicity of design.
TL;DR: The results showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa has the ability to grow and reduce surface tension under a wide range of pH and carbon source and application of the strain C1501 biosurfactant is suggested as an appropriate candidate for many applications such as biomedical, food industries, agriculture, and bioremediation.
TL;DR: In this article, the adsorptive removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solutions using chemically modified lime-peel-based activated carbon (LPAC) was investigated.
Abstract: This study investigates the adsorptive removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solutions using chemically modified lime-peel-based activated carbon (LPAC). The adsorbent prepared was characterized using FTIR, SEM, Proximate analysis and BET techniques, respectively. Central composite design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the adsorption process. The effects of three variables: activation temperature, activation time and chemical impregnation ratio (IR) using KOH and their effects on percentage of dye removal and LPAC yield were investigated. Based on CCD design, quadratic models and two factor interactions (2FI) were developed correlating the adsorption variables to the two responses. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to judge the adequacy of the model. The optimum conditions of MG dye removal using LPAC are: activation temperature (796 °C), activation time (1.0 h) and impregnation ratio (2.6), respectively. The percentage of MG dye removal obtained was 94.68 % resulting in 17.88 % LPAC yield. The percentage of error between predicted and experimental results for the removal of MG dye is 0.4 %. Model prediction was in good agreement with experimental results and LPAC was found to be effective in removing MG dye from aqueous solution.
TL;DR: The binding mode showed that SC-2 is well embedded within the trimeric chains of the GP EBOV with molecular interactions with some amino acids, and might be a good potential candidate with efficacy against the E BOV pathogen and subsequently receive necessary approval to be used as antiviral drug for the treatment of EVD.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, a phytochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial in vitro assay of Pleurotus pulmonarius-LAU09 (JF736658) was evaluated.
Abstract: The phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial in vitro assay of Pleurotus pulmonarius-LAU09 (JF736658) was evaluated. The metabolite obtained from Pleurotus pulmonarius was characterized by IR analysis. It revealed the absorption of O-H, C-H, C-O bonds and hydrated water peaks (1650.6cm-1), without no absorption at uronic acid peak (1730cm-1). 1HNMR spectrum analysis of the metabolite has anomeric carbon peaks of 5.10 and 4.51ppm, characterized as α and β linkages of glucan compoumd. The phytochemical screening of the mushroom extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids, phlobatannins, flavonoids and anthraquinones. The metabolite was active against all tested pathogens except Pseudomonas aeruginosa with percentage activity of 85.75%. The highest zone of inhibition was obtained against Staphylococcus aureus (30mm), while the lowest zone size obtained was against E. coli (7mm). The antioxidant activity of evaluated mushroom extracts gave positive results with free radical scavenging activity found to be higher in all used in vitro methods. The result obtained from this study has shown the potential of mushroom extract as a potent therapeutic agent and a food supplement. Keywords: phytochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial, metabolite, mushroom.
TL;DR: A phenotypic approach to investigating the genetic architecture of RHT uncovered a surprisingly high yield of variants in candidate genes, suggesting that this novel approach may assist in understanding the genetic Architecture of R HT in Blacks and explain their two fold risk of stroke.
TL;DR: Melatonin may have the potential of a possible therapeutic agent and/or adjunct in the management of schizophrenia and was associated with variable degrees of reversal of these effects.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of operational parameters such as the initial dye concentration (10-50 mg/L), contact time (5-160 minutes), and solution temperature (30-50°C) on the amount of the Congo red dye adsorbed was found to increase as these operational parameters increased.
Abstract: This study investigates the adsorption of Congo red (CR) dye onto corn cob based activated carbon (CCAC) in the batch process. The activated carbon was characterized using FTIR, SEM, and EDX techniques, respectively. The effect of operational parameters such as the initial dye concentration (10–50 mg/L), contact time (5–160 minutes), and solution temperature (30–50°C) were studied. The amount of the CR dye adsorbed was found to increase as these operational parameters increased. Kinetic data for CR dye adsorption onto CCAC were best represented by the pseudo second-order kinetic model. Four different isotherms namely Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were used to test the adsorption data. It fitted the Langmuir isotherm model most. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH0, ΔS0, and ΔG0 were evaluated. The adsorption process was found to be exothermic and spontaneous. The study shows that CCAC is an effective adsorbent for the adsorption of CR dye from aqueous solution.
TL;DR: In this article, the reduction of % FFA by esterification and its subsequent utilization by transesterification for biodiesel production in a two stage process for optimization studies was investigated using response surface methodology based on a central composite design (CCD).
University of Ibadan1, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital2, University of Alabama at Birmingham3, Medical University of South Carolina4, University of Ghana5, University of Ilorin6, Obafemi Awolowo University7, Ahmadu Bello University8, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology9, Columbia University10, University of Kentucky11
TL;DR: Environmental risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle may contribute to the higher proportion of ischemic stroke in AA compared with IA, whereas racial factors may contribute with the higherportion of hypertension and diabetes mellitus among stroke subjects of African ancestry.
Abstract: Background and Purpose— The relative contributions of racial and geographic factors to higher risk of stroke in people of African ancestry have not been unraveled. We compared stroke type and contributions of vascular risk factors among indigenous Africans (IA), African Americans (AA), and European Americans (EA).
Methods— SIREN (Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network) is a large multinational case–control study in West Africa—the ancestral home of 71% AA—whereas REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) is a cohort study including AA and EA in the United States. Using harmonized assessments and standard definitions, we compared data on stroke type and established risk factors for stroke in acute stroke cases aged ≥55 years in both studies.
Results— There were 811 IA, 452 AA, and 665 EA stroke subjects, with mean age of 68.0±9.3, 73.0±8.3, and 76.0±8.3 years, respectively ( P <0.0001). Hemorrhagic stroke was more frequent among IA (27%) compared with AA (8%) and EA (5.4%; P <0.001). Lacunar strokes were more prevalent in IA (47.1%), followed by AA (35.1%) and then EA (21.0%; P <0.0001). The frequency of hypertension in decreasing order was IA (92.8%), followed by AA (82.5%) and then EA (64.2%; P <0.0001) and similarly for diabetes mellitus IA (38.3%), AA (36.8%), and EA (21.0%; P <0.0001). Premorbid sedentary lifestyle was similar in AA (37.7%) and EA (34.0%) but lower frequency in IA (8.0%).
Conclusions— Environmental risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle may contribute to the higher proportion of ischemic stroke in AA compared with IA, whereas racial factors may contribute to the higher proportion of hypertension and diabetes mellitus among stroke subjects of African ancestry.
TL;DR: In this article, five trace metals in Leptodius exarata, epipellic sediments and surface water from an intertidal ecosystem in the Niger Delta (Nigeria) were studied to evaluate their spatial distributions, degrees of contamination, and associated ecological and health risks.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the influence of carbonization and acid activation on the activated carbon using SEM, FTIR, EDX, pHpzc and Boehm titration techniques, respectively.
Abstract: Preparation and characterization of raw and activated carbon derived from three different selected agricultural wastes: kola nut pod raw and activated (KNPR and KNPA), bean husk raw and activated (BHR and BHA) and coconut husk raw and activated (CHR and CHA) were investigated, respectively. Influences of carbonization and acid activation on the activated carbon were investigated using SEM, FTIR, EDX, pHpzc and Boehm titration techniques, respectively. Carbonization was done at 350 °C for 2 h followed by activation with 0.3 M H3PO4 (ortho-phosphoric acid). Results obtained from SEM, FTIR, and EDX revealed that, carbonization followed by acid activation had a significant influence on morphology and elemental composition of the samples. SEM showed well-developed pores on the surface of the precursors after acid treatment, FTIR spectra revealed reduction, broadening, disappearance or appearance of new peaks after acid activation. EDX results showed highest percentage of carbon by atom respectively in the order BHA > KNPA > CHA respectively. The pHpzc was found to be 5.32, 4.57 and 3.69 for KNPA, BHA and CHA, respectively. Boehm titration result compliments that of pHpzc, indicating that the surfaces of the prepared adsorbents are predominantly acidic. This study promotes a sustainable innovative use of agro-wastes in the production of cheap and readily available activated carbons, thereby ensuring more affordable water and effluent treatment adsorbents.
TL;DR: This study highlights an obstacle to seeking the 'ideal' protective agent against acetaminophen overdose in vulnerable tissues by assessing behaviours, antioxidant status, tissue histological changes and biochemical parameters of hepatic/renal function.
TL;DR: It has been shown that rhamnolipid can serve as an adjuvant in order to enhance the penetrability of bioherbicide active ingredient for controlling weeds.
Abstract: Rhamnolipid (Rh) is a biosurfactant produced by the bacterial Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This present study investigates rhizospheric strain C1501 of P. aeruginosa with an accession number KF976394 with the best production of rhamnolipid: a biosurfactant. The partially purified rhamnolipid from strain C1501 and Tween 80 was tested on mycelial growth of wild strain C1136. The enzyme activities involved in biodegradation, as well as necrosis induction on the tested weeds, were performed using scanning electron microscopy. It was observed that the different concentrations of rhamnolipid tested enhanced the dry mycelia weight yield of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae which has been established to be producing a phytotoxic metabolite for killing weeds. It was observed that strain C1136 had a high level of cellulase and xylanase enzyme activities during this study. The scanning electron microscopy showed that the mutant strain of C1136 combined with 0.003% v/v of rhamnolipid enhances biodegradability and a high level of necrosis on the tested weeds compared with that on the untreated weeds. The highest CMCase activities and xylanase activities were obtained on the fourth day from the phytotoxic metabolite produced from the mutant strain of L. pseudotheobromae when combined with 0.003% v/v of rhamnolipid. This study has shown that rhamnolipid can serve as an adjuvant in order to enhance the penetrability of bioherbicide active ingredient for controlling weeds.