Showing papers by "Ladoke Akintola University of Technology published in 2020"
TL;DR: Determination of the length and phases of the estrous cycle and induction of estrus are useful in teaching and research and evaluating the effects of drugs/chemicals on the reproductive functions.
Abstract: Determination of the phases of the estrous cycle and induction of estrus (heat) in experimental animals remains useful, especially in reproductive function research. This review provides a detailed description and discusses extensively the variations observed in different phases of the estrous cycle in laboratory animals using rats and mice as examples. It also illustrates how these phases can be determined and how to induce estrus ‘heat’ when required. The phases of the estrous cycle can be determined using various methods such as visual assessment, vaginal smear/cytology, histology of female reproductive organs (vagina, uterus and ovaries), vaginal wall impedance assessment and determination of urine biochemical parameters. Female animals can be artificially brought to estrus phase ‘heat’ to make them receptive to male counterparts. Determination of the length and phases of the estrous cycle and induction of estrus are useful in teaching and research and evaluating the effects of drugs/chemicals on the reproductive functions.
190 citations
TL;DR: This review focus on collection of comprehensive information from recent developments in the synthesis, characterization and applications from previous scientific findings on biological method of synthesizing CuONPs due to the acclaimed advantages of been cheap, environmentally friendly, convenient and possibility of been scale up in into large scale production reported by numerous researchers.
181 citations
TL;DR: The corrosion inhibition of Luffa cylindrica Leaf Extract was investigated using gravimetric, depth of attack and surface analysis techniques and the result obtained compared well with many reported green inhibitors for MS corrosion.
86 citations
TL;DR: The potential use of xylanases to synthesize AuNPs is demonstrated, which to the best knowledge, is the first report of such, and the biosynthesized nanoparticles displayed activities making it predisposed for potential use as excellent biomedical agents.
Abstract: The involvement of enzymes in green nanotechnology is rapidly developing and has continued to blossom in recent times. The present study examines the use of fungal xylanases from Aspergillus niger L3 (NEA) and Trichoderma longibrachiatum L2 (TEA) to biosynthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for biomedical applications. AuNPs were synthesized with indication of colour change from light yellow to purple, and surface plasmon resonance at 545 and 560 nm were obtained for NEA-AuNPs and TEA-AuNPs respectively. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that protein molecules were responsible for the capping and stabilization of the nanoparticles, which were mainly spherical (NEA-AuNPs) and flower-shaped (TEA-AuNPs). The sizes of the nanoparticles ranged from 4.88 to 123.99 nm, and displayed maximum antibacterial activity of 44.3% at 100 µg/ml, and antifungal activity of 87% at 150 µg/ml. While the AuNPs scavenged DPPH by 53.79%, hydrogen peroxide was scavenged by 96%. The biosynthesized AuNPs showed excellent anticoagulant and thrombolytic activities on human blood. This study demonstrated the potential use of xylanases to synthesize AuNPs, which to the best our knowledge, is the first report of such. The biosynthesized nanoparticles displayed activities making it predisposed for potential use as excellent biomedical agents.
76 citations
TL;DR: A review of the recent advances in the synthesis, mechanism routes, characterization techniques, and applications of biosynthesized ZnO NPS in agriculture, medicine, and textile industries is presented in this paper.
Abstract: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are one of the prominent metal oxide nanoparticles with significant applications in many industries and research institutes. Various methods of synthesis have been adopted in the production of ZnO NPs so as to meet its high demand. The environmental implications and economic challenges attached to most of the means of ZnO NPs synthesis have resulted in the quest for other alternatives with environmental and economic benefits. Interestingly, the biological method of synthesis using plant sources have been found appropriate for the production of ZnO NPs dues to its numerous health, environmental, economic, and medicinal benefits. The distinctive features of ZnO NPs synthesized using plant extracts enhanced its application in agriculture for the production of fertilizers, pesticides, and fumigants. In the field of medicine and pharmacy, phytosynthesized ZnO NPs have gained remarkable usage in the production of disinfectant, antifungal, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetics agents. Despite the enlisted benefits of biosynthesized ZnO NPs, the difficulties associated with the elucidation of formation mechanism and reactions still remain unraveled. This review described the summary of the recent advances in the synthesis, mechanism routes, characterization techniques, and applications of biosynthesized ZnO NPS in agriculture, medicine, and textile industries.
74 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the various ways in which DMC has been used in biodiesel production, starting from its usefulness in in-situ transesterification and extraction processes to its application in supercritical and non-supercritical transesterion processes.
73 citations
TL;DR: An epidemic model based on system of ordinary differential equations is formulated by taking into account the transmission routes from symptomatic, asymptomatic and hospitalized individuals, and it is shown that the model has a globally asymPTotically stable disease-free equilibrium if the basic reproduction number of the novel coronavirus transmission is less than one.
Abstract: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by a new strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains the current global health challenge. In this paper, an epidemic model based on system of ordinary differential equations is formulated by taking into account the transmission routes from symptomatic, asymptomatic and hospitalized individuals. The model is fitted to the corresponding cumulative number of hospitalized individuals (active cases) reported by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), and parameterized using the least squares method. The basic reproduction number which measures the potential spread of COVID-19 in the population is computed using the next generation operator method. Further, Lyapunov function is constructed to investigate the stability of the model around a disease-free equilibrium point. It is shown that the model has a globally asymptotically stable disease-free equilibrium if the basic reproduction number of the novel coronavirus transmission is less than one. Sensitivities of the model to changes in parameters are explored, and safe regions at certain threshold values of the parameters are derived. It is revealed further that the basic reproduction number can be brought to a value less than one in Nigeria, if the current effective transmission rate of the disease can be reduced by 50%. Otherwise, the number of active cases may get up to 2.5% of the total estimated population. In addition, two time-dependent control variables, namely preventive and management measures, are considered to mitigate the damaging effects of the disease using Pontryagin’s maximum principle. The most cost-effective control measure is determined through cost-effectiveness analysis. Numerical simulations of the overall system are implemented in
$$\hbox {MatLab}^\circledR $$
for demonstration of the theoretical results.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mini-review of the wet-chemical methods of preparing MoS2 and their electrochemical properties were summarized, and it was suggested that the modified methods of preparation and appropriate composite materials can enhance the supercapacitor properties of MoS 2 based materials.
Abstract: Molybdenum-based supercapacitors, a fast promising area where researchers are exploring the possibilities of improving the performance of its electrode materials and their derivatives for energy storage. Molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) has attracted considerable interest because of its superior properties as a supercapacitor-based material. In this mini-review, the wet-chemical methods of preparing MoS2 and their electrochemical properties were summarized. The preparation methods and their composite substrates of MoS2 based supercapacitors have been highlighted to be one of the determining factors for improving the electrochemical output being reported. This review suggested that the modified methods of preparation and appropriate composite materials can enhance the supercapacitor properties of MoS2 based materials. Finally, we explore the future opportunities for advance storage potential presented by MoS2 based materials.
62 citations
15 Dec 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present some of the main technologies including primary treatment, secondary treatment including biological and membrane treatment and tertiary treatment especially advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that have been used for the treatment of PW from oil and gas extraction; and to provide an overview of treatment technologies.
Abstract: Produced water (PW) is the largest volume of wastewater generated during oil and gas recovery operations. It is a complex mixture of dissolved and particulate inorganic and organic matters ranging from near freshwater quality to concentrated saline brine. The management of PW has been the main focus of oil and gas industry in view of the stringent legislations on the discharge of oil and gas PW into the environment and the potential of PW as a source of fresh water, which hitherto comes from surface water, groundwater or municipal water, for water deficient oil producing countries. This article reviews current technologies for the management of oil and gas PW with a view of not only for more efficient removal and recovery of oils and other toxic agents, but also for environmental sustainability and fit-for-purpose reuse. The purpose of this article is to present some of the main technologies including primary treatment, secondary treatment including biological and membrane treatment and tertiary treatment especially advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that have been used for the treatment of PW from oil and gas extraction; and to provide an overview of treatment technologies. The future developmental research needs for management of PW is also discussed.
60 citations
TL;DR: The H2O2 scavenging and anticoagulant activities of TiO2 NPs are reported for the first time, showing that the particles can be useful for catalytic and biomedical applications.
59 citations
TL;DR: The cost analysis established that GALAC is approximately eleven times cheaper than CAC thereby providing a saving of 351.41USD/kg and adsorption kinetic data best fitted the PSO kinetic model.
TL;DR: In this article, the use of pomegranate-fruit-peel activated carbon (PFPAC) was explored for the adsorptive removal of Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) dye from synthetic wastewater.
TL;DR: In this paper, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained attention as promising materials for liquid-phase adsorptive removal of organic pollutants, such as large adsorption capacity, high surface area, tunable porosity, hierarchical structure, and recyclability give MOFs an edge over conventional adsorbents.
TL;DR: Chronic codeine use resulted in testicular degeneration and testosterone suppression, which is attributable to TNF-α/nitric oxide-/oxidative stress-mediated caspase-dependent apoptotic testicular cell death and loss of testicular function.
Abstract: Background Codeine, a 3-methylmorphine, and other related opioids have been implicated in androgen suppression, although the associated mechanisms remain unclear. Aim Therefore, the objective of the current study was to elucidate the in vivo molecular mechanisms underlying codeine-induced androgen suppression. Methods This study made use of twenty-one healthy male rabbits, distributed into three groups randomly, control and codeine-treated groups. The control had 1ml of normal saline daily p.o. The codeine-treated groups received either 4mg/kg b.w of codeine or 10mg/kg b.w of codeine p.o. for six weeks. Reproductive hormonal profile, testicular weight, testicular enzymes, oxidative and inflammatory parameters, testicular DNA fragmentation, histological examination and apoptosis marker were evaluated to examine the effects of codeine use. Key findings Oral administration of codeine resulted in testicular atrophy and alterations in testicular histomorphology, elevated testicular enzymes, and suppression of circulatory and intra-testicular testosterone. These changes were associated with a marked rise in oxidative markers and decline in the activities of testicular enzymatic antioxidants, as well as oxidative DNA damage, inflammatory response, testicular DNA fragmentation, and caspase-dependent apoptosis (p<0.05). Significance In conclusion, chronic codeine use resulted in testicular degeneration and testosterone suppression, which is attributable to TNF-α/nitric oxide-/oxidative stress-mediated caspase-dependent apoptotic testicular cell death and loss of testicular function.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive report on the recent development in the synthesis, optimization conditions, mechanism, and characterization techniques of AgNPs synthesized from plant extracts, and a thorough discussion on the application of AgNs synthesised from plant as therapeutic agent against bacterial infections was made.
Abstract: Developments in nanotechnology and natural product research toward the search for novel antibacterial agents have drawn the interest of many scientists to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from natural product (especially plants) due to its numerous benefits over other methods of synthesis such as been easy, economical, convenient, and environmental friendly. Aside from the aforementioned advantages, the synthesis of AgNPs from medicinal plant has been reported as the best approach of synthesizing AgNPs with great biological activities due to the numerous biomolecules found in plants. Recently, the number of researches toward the improvement of the yield, morphological properties, analytical techniques, and the development of optimal conditions and exact mechanism for synthesizing AgNPs from plants have been increasing tremendously. In this review, we present a comprehensive report on the recent development in the synthesis, optimization conditions, mechanism, and characterization techniques of AgNPs synthesized from plant extracts. Furthermore, a thorough discussion on the recent advances in the application of AgNPs synthesized from plant as therapeutic agent against bacterial infections was made.
TL;DR: In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) was developed to model the Pseudo- Second Order (PSO) kinetics of orange peel-paracetamol adsorption process.
TL;DR: The reproductive function of humans is regulated by several sex hormones which are secreted in synergy with the circadian timing of the body and the influence of sleep disturbances post-menopausal is associated with irregular synthesis and secretion of female sex steroid hormones.
Abstract: The reproductive function of humans is regulated by several sex hormones which are secreted in synergy with the circadian timing of the body. Sleep patterns produce generic signatures that physiologically drive the synthesis, secretion, and metabolism of hormones necessary for reproduction. Sleep deprivation among men and women is increasingly reported as one of the causes of infertility. In animal models, sleep disturbances impair the secretion of sexual hormones thereby leading to a decrease in testosterone level, reduced sperm motility and apoptosis of the Leydig cells in male rats. Sleep deprivation generates stressful stimuli intrinsically, due to circadian desynchrony and thereby increases the activation of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis, which, consequently, increases the production of corticosterone. The elevated level of corticosteroids results in a reduction in testosterone production. Sleep deprivation produces a commensurate effect on women by reducing the chances of fertility. Sleeplessness among female shift workers suppresses melatonin production as well as excessive HPA activation which results in early pregnancy loss, failed embryo implantation, anovulation and amenorrhea. Sleep deprivation in women has also be found to be associated with altered gonadotropin and sex steroid secretion which all together lead to female infertility. Poor quality of sleep is observed in middle-aged and older men and this also contributes to reduced testosterone concentrations. The influence of sleep disturbances post-menopausal is associated with irregular synthesis and secretion of female sex steroid hormones.
TL;DR: The result showed that the drying kinetics of Dioscorea rotundata existed in the falling rate period, and the drying time decreased with increased temperature, air velocity, and decreased slice thickness.
TL;DR: The particles exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation with effective antimicrobial activity against a battery of bacterial strains and cytotoxicity in HaCaT cell line, revealed the potential biomedical applications of the particles and further work will be required to establish its molecular mechanism of action.
TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics, energy requirement and kinetics of open sun, solar, hot air oven (50-70°C) and microwave (450-700 W) thin layer drying of green microalgae (Chlorella sp.) paste were investigated.
01 Mar 2020
TL;DR: The qualitative analysis carried out on the autonomous model reveals the existence of backward bifurcation, where the locally asymptotically stable malaria-free and malaria-present equilibria coexist as the basic reproduction number crosses unity.
Abstract: A mathematical model of malaria dynamics with naturally acquired transient immunity in the presence of protected travellers is presented. The qualitative analysis carried out on the autonomous mode...
TL;DR: The ethanolic leaf extract was observed to show the highest antimicrobial activity when compared to chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts, which could be due to its high antimicrobial effects on some pathogens like Klebsiella sp and E. coli.
Abstract: Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial analysis of Moringa oleifera leaf collected from Ogbomoso, Nigeria were carried out. The secondary metabolites in M. oleifera leaf were extracted by macera...
TL;DR: The study investigated bioenergy generation from anaerobic co-digestion of food wastes, cow dung and piggery dung to determine the physicochemical parameters of the substrates before and after digestion following standard procedures after mechanical pretreatment.
TL;DR: Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used as a Machine Learning tool for prediction of PCM adsorption efficiency on chemically modified orange peel (CMOP) and the results obtained showed that ANN is efficient in predicting the adsorptive efficiency ofPCM on CMOP.
TL;DR: The use of sole cobalt as MAM has gained significant attention due to its EM properties and suitable saturation magnetization, however, large density, eddy current loss, and poor corrosion resistance are some of the factors that hinder its practical application as an ideal MAM as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: The review divulges the ethnobotanical and pharmacological activities of the plant and also justifies the ethnomedical claims.
Abstract: Senna alata is a medicinal herb of Leguminosae family. It is distributed in the tropical and humid regions. The plant is traditionally used in the treatment of typhoid, diabetes, malaria, asthma, ringworms, tinea infections, scabies, blotch, herpes, and eczema. The review is aimed at unveiling the ethnobotanical description and pharmacological activities of S. alata. Different parts of the plant are reported in folk medicine as therapeutic substances for remediation of diverse diseases and infections. The extracts and isolated compounds displayed pronounced pharmacological activities. Display of antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, dermatophytic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antilipogenic, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antimalarial, anthelmintic, and antiviral activities could be due to the array of secondary metabolites such as tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, anthraquinone, saponins, phenolics, cannabinoid alkaloids, 1,8-cineole, caryophyllene, limonene, α-selinene, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, cinnamic acid, pyrazol-5-ol, methaqualone, isoquinoline, quinones, reducing sugars, steroids, and volatile oils present in different parts of the plant. The review divulges the ethnobotanical and pharmacological activities of the plant and also justifies the ethnomedical claims. The significant medicinal value of this plant necessitates a scientific adventure into the bioactive metabolites which constitute various extracts.
TL;DR: An overview of studies carried out on selected agricultural residues is presented in this article, where the residues were characterized by evaluating their chemical, physical and mineralogical properties, and their influence on the characteristics of concrete and mortar such as workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength water absorption and acid attack.
Abstract: Affordable housing had become elusive to the teaming population of the world due to ever increasing cost of construction materials. Concrete, being the most commonly used building material has been seriously affected by high cost of ingredient materials. The search for alternative materials for concrete led to the investigation of agricultural residues as supplementary materials in mortar and concrete. Effective use of these materials in concrete will result to the green method of disposal of large quantity of waste, which would have caused environmental nuisance. Research has been given attention on the incorporation of agricultural residues in concrete and mortar with findings showing their great potentials. An overview of studies carried out on selected agricultural residues is presented in this paper. The review considered the utilization of the residues as partial substitution for cement in mortar and concrete. The residues were characterized by evaluating their chemical, physical and mineralogical properties. Also, their influence on the characteristics of concrete and mortar such as workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength water absorption and acid attack were discussed in detail. It was concluded based on the various studies in this article that appropriate treatment methods and careful selection of materials will aid the improvement of concrete and mortar properties made with agricultural residues.
TL;DR: In this paper, the photocatalytic properties of NiO NPs were studied through the solid phase degradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film.
TL;DR: This study highlights the need to understand more fully the drivers of infectious disease in sub-Saharan Africa and its impact on mortality and morbidity.
Abstract: Cite this article: Pan Africa Medical Journal. 2020;35(2):4. DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.35.4.22703 Received: 07 Apr 2020 Accepted: 08 Apr 2020 Published: 14 Apr 2020 Domain: Epidemiology,Global health,Public health