Ladoke Akintola University of Technology

About: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology is a education organization based out in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adsorption. The organization has 2786 authors who have published 3066 publications receiving 36850 citations. The organization is also known as: Oyo State University of Technology & LAUTECH.

Adsorption of dyes using different types of sand: A review

Abstract: The threat posed by increasing amount of dyes on daily basis, especially on our ecosystem, has brought a serious search for more efficient low-cost adsorbents. Sand is mixed with cement and water to make concrete, used in the manufacture of brick, glass and other materials, and it can also be used as a medium for the filtration of water. Sand, which is ubiquitous, has been used as an adsorbent because of its enormous availability in the local environment. This review reveals that further research must be conducted to bring to the fore the expansive laboratory, industrial and environmental usage of sand materials as dye adsorbents. Consequently, the usage of different types of sand in the field of adsorption science represents a viable and powerful tool, resulting into the superior improvement in pollution control and environmental preservation. KEYWORDS Adsorption, dyes, low-cost adsorbents, sand.

Mass-volume-are related and mechanical properties of soybean as a function of moisture and variety

Abstract: Selected physical properties of three varieties of soybean were determined within a moisture content range of 6.25 to 11.60% dry basis. The seed length, width and thickness for the three varieties increased with the increase in moisture content while the sphericity and roundness of the three varieties increased within the range of 43.0 to 72.3% and 45.5 to 75.9% respectively. True density, bulk density and porosity decreased with increase in moisture content within the range of 1203 to 964 kgm−3, 809 to 740 kgm−3 and 0.35 to 0.22. The coefficient of friction also decreased with increase in moisture and the highest and lowest value was 23.7 and 17.3 on plywood while that on glass was 19.8 and 11.6, respectively. The angle of repose and terminal velocity increased within the range of 10.2° to 15.3° and 10.10° to 12.60 m/s for the varieties. The compressive force however decreased and the highest and lowest value was 12.85 and 3.5 N respectively for the three varieties.

Adsorption of Crude Oil using Meshed Corncobs

Abstract: The potential of using corncobs a typical agro-based waste as an adsorbent for removal of oil contaminated water was investigated in this work. Gradually, the awareness of the impact of spilled crude oil and products from it on human health and environment is on the increase. Corncobs wastes generated in local maize flour processing plants, road-side corn vendors and individuals, were converted into an adsorbent. The corncobs were treated and meshed to adsorb crude oil from water at various experimental conditions. Investigations carried out include the effects of parametric variations of different adsorbate and adsorbent masses, time, temperature, particle size and mixing speed on the adsorption of crude oil. Meshed corncobs, especially the 80 micrometer particle size exhibited high affinity for crude oil adsorption. The maximum adsorption was observed at 15 °C for the temperature range considered. The results demonstrated that a crude oil adsorption with this readily available and biodegradable waste material is feasible. Due to its high affinity for oil and low water pick up, meshed corncobs adsorbent is convincingly oleophilic or hydrophobic.

Combining ability and heterosis of elite drought-tolerant maize inbred lines evaluated in diverse environments of lowland tropics

Abstract: Estimates of combining abilities and heterosis of inbred lines are imperative for selection of suitable parents of maize hybrids. This study examined the combining ability of 24 drought-tolerant maize inbred lines, 12 each from International Centre for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT) and International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). The lines were allotted into six groups each comprising four lines. The four lines in one group were used as females and crossed to the four lines in another group as males in six different sets using a North Carolina Design II mating scheme to generate 96 hybrids. The hybrids were evaluated together with four checks across six environments in the rainforest and savannah agro-ecologies of Nigeria between 2011 and 2012. The parental inbred lines were also evaluated in separate trial in each location. Significant hybrids × environment interaction was observed for grain yield and other measured traits. GCA effects accounted for 83.3% of the variation for grain yield at Bagauda, 78.1% at Saminaka, and 77.7% at Ikenne. GCA also contributed 91.1 and 80.0% to the variation observed for plant height and ear aspect, respectively, across the environments. Significant SCA × environment interaction detected for grain yield suggests that hybrids were not stable across test environments. Prediction of grain yield in hybrids using midparent values resulted in a R 2 value of 0.13. Midparent heterosis for grain yield varied from 80 to 411%, with the top 36 hybrids recording >200%. Four CIMMYT (EXL02, EXL06, EXL04 and EXL16) and three IITA (ADL33, ADL41, and ADL32) inbred lines had positive and significant GCA effects for grain yield across environments. The novel alleles present in the CIMMYT lines will improve the adapted IITA germplasm in a new population for extracting new set of more productive inbred lines for developing adapted high yielding drought-tolerant maize hybrids.

Extraction, Compositional and Physicochemical Characteristics of Cashew (Anarcadium occidentale) Nuts Reject Oil

Abstract: Cashew nut (Anarcadium occidentale) reject is a waste material from cashew nut processing industry usually regarded as non valuable. The oil was extracted using Soxhlet and mechanical methods separately; the proximate composition and physicochemical characteristics of the oil were investigated using standard analytical methods. The mean values of various parameters for proximate composition (%) obtained were: moisture content (8.90 + 0.2), crude protein (22.10 + 0.2), crude fiber (0.90 + 0.3), ether extract (40.23 + 0.1), ash content (3.73 + 0.1), Nitrogen free extract (24.04), tannin (1.02) and phytic acid (0.50). The oil yields are 40% and 26.66% for soxhlet and mechanical methods respectively. The results of the physicochemical properties ( the mean values), for soxhlet and mechanical extraction are: Colour (Winsor orange; yellowish), Specific gravity at 200C(0.909; 0.913 ), Acid value (2.24; 2.62 + 0.4 mg KOH/g), Saponification value (212; 167 + 0.3 mg KOH/g), Iodine value (50.61; 84.77 + 0.1mgI2/g), Peroxide value (10.58; 10.0 + 0.2 Meq/kg), Free Fatty acid (2.24; 2.45 + 0.1 mg KOH/g), pH (5.7; 5.2), Density (0.91,0.90kg/m3), Acidity (114.50; 102.2 mg/l) and Turbidity (586.5; 675.2 FTU) respectively. The results showed that the method of soxhlet extraction gave the highest yield and that the cashew nuts reject oil is non- drying, non - edible and can be employed for soap making, biodiesel production and other industrial uses.