Leicester Royal Infirmary

About: Leicester Royal Infirmary is a healthcare organization based out in Leicester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Carotid endarterectomy. The organization has 5300 authors who have published 6204 publications receiving 208464 citations.

British HIV Association guidelines for the treatment of HIV-1-positive adults with antiretroviral therapy 2015

Abstract: Writing Group Duncan Churchill, Chair, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK Laura Waters, Vice Chair, Mortimer Market Centre, London, UK Nadia Ahmed, Mortimer Market Centre, London, UK Brian Angus, University of Oxford, UK Marta Boffito, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK Mark Bower, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK David Dunn, University College London, UK Simon Edwards, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, UK Carol Emerson, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK Sarah Fidler, Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary’s, London, UK †Martin Fisher, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, UK Rob Horne, University College London, UK Saye Khoo, University of Liverpool, UK Clifford Leen, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK Nicola Mackie, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK Neal Marshall, Royal Free Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK Fernando Monteiro, UK-CAB Mark Nelson, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

The rice bran constituent tricin potently inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes and interferes with intestinal carcinogenesis in ApcMin mice

Abstract: While brown rice is a staple dietary constituent in Asia, rice consumed in the Western world is generally white, obtained from brown rice by removal of the bran. Rice bran contains the flavone tricin, which has been shown to inhibit colon cancer cell growth. We tested the hypothesis that tricin interferes with adenoma formation in the ApcMin mouse. Mice received tricin (0.2%) in their American Institute of Nutrition 93G diet throughout their postweaning life span (4–18 weeks). Consumption of tricin reduced numbers of intestinal adenomas by 33% ( P < 0.05) compared with mice on control diet. We explored whether tricin may exert its effect via inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. Its effect on COX activity was assessed in purified enzyme preparations in vitro and its ability to reduce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in human colon–derived human colon epithelial cell (HCEC) and HCA-7 cells in vitro and in ApcMin mice in vivo . Tricin inhibited activity of purified COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme preparations with IC50 values of ∼1 μmol/L. At 5 μmol/L, it reduced PGE2 production in HCEC or HCA-7 cells by 36% ( P < 0.01) and 35% ( P < 0.05), respectively. COX-2 expression was reduced by tricin weakly in HCEC and unaffected in HCA-7 cells. PGE2 levels in the small intestinal mucosa and blood of ApcMin mice that had received tricin were reduced by 34% ( P < 0.01) and 40% ( P < 0.05), respectively, compared with control mice. The results suggest that tricin should be further evaluated as a putative colorectal cancer chemopreventive agent.

Comparison of different doses of remifentanil on the cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.

Abstract: We have compared three bolus and infusion regimens of remifentanil on the cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and orotracheal intubation in three groups of 20 ASA I-II female patients, in a randomized, double-blind study. Patients in group 1 received glycopyrolate 200 micrograms i.v. followed by a bolus dose of remifentanil 1 microgram kg-1 over 30 s and an infusion of remifentanil at a rate of 0.5 microgram kg-1 min-1. The other patients received remifentanil 0.5 microgram kg-1 over 30 s and an infusion of 0.25 microgram kg-1 min-1 with (group 2) or without (group 3) pretreatment with glycopyrrolate 200 micrograms. All patients then received a sleep dose of propofol, rocuronium 0.6 mg kg-1 and 1% isoflurane with 67% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation were performed 3 min later. Heart rate and arterial pressure were recorded at 1-min intervals from before induction of anaesthesia until 5 min after intubation. Baseline heart rate was similar in all groups, but decreased in group 3 (no glycopyrrolate) after induction and remained significantly lower after intubation compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Heart rate and arterial pressure increased slightly after intubation in each group but there were no significant differences in mean arterial pressure between groups at any time. The incidence of bradycardia (one patient in group 2) and hypotension (two patients in groups 1 and 2 and three patients in group 3) was low.

Diagnostic Testing of Patients Suspected of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Abstract: Rationale: Electron microscopy (EM) of ciliated epithelium is widely used to diagnose primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) has been used to screen samples to determine whether EM is indicated. Beat pattern analysis has been advocated as an additional diagnostic test. Neither has been subject to formal review.Objectives: To determine the ability of CBF and beat pattern analysis to predict EM-diagnosed PCD.Methods: CBF calculation and beat pattern analysis, using high-speed video microscopy, and EM were performed on nasal tissue from 371 patients consecutively referred to the Leicester Royal Infirmary for diagnostic assessment for PCD. With EM as the “gold standard,” receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were calculated for CBF less than 11 Hz, ciliary dyskinesia score equal to or exceeding 2, at least 90% of ciliated edges beating dyskinetically, and an immotility index ...