scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

Leicester Royal Infirmary

HealthcareLeicester, United Kingdom
About: Leicester Royal Infirmary is a healthcare organization based out in Leicester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Carotid endarterectomy. The organization has 5300 authors who have published 6204 publications receiving 208464 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: R-chlorambucil may improve outcome for patients who are ineligible for fludarabine-based treatments, suggesting that the addition of rituximab to chlorambucin may improve efficacy with no unexpected adverse events.
Abstract: Purpose Most patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are elderly and/or have comorbidities that may make them ineligible for fludarabine-based treatment. For this population, chlorambucil monotherapy is an appropriate therapeutic option; however, response rates with chlorambucil are low, and more effective treatments are needed. This trial was designed to assess how the addition of rituximab to chlorambucil (R-chlorambucil) would affect safety and efficacy in patients with CLL. Patients and Methods Patients with first-line CLL were treated with rituximab (375 mg/m2 on day 1, cycle one, and 500 mg/m2 thereafter) plus chlorambucil (10 mg/m2/d all cycles; day 1 through 7) for six 28-day cycles. For patients not achieving complete response (CR), six additional cycles of chlorambucil alone could be administered. The primary end point of the study was safety. Results A total of 100 patients were treated with R-chlorambucil, with a median follow-up of 30 months. Median age of patients was 70 years (rang...

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Pre-eclampsia is a progressive disease with a very variable mode of presentation and rate of progression; of all the features of the syndrome, hypertension, pregnancy-induced proteinuria, excessive weight gain and oedema are the classic clinical manifestations.
Abstract: Fits occurring in pregnant women were recognized and recorded as early as the 4th century BC by Hippocrates [94]. The condition was termed eclampsia—a Greek word which translates literally as ‘shine forth’—implying a sudden development. Little was known about eclampsia until 1843, when Lever of Guy’s Hospital found that many of the women who had fits also had albumin in their urine [74]. However, it was not until the widespread use of the sphygmomanometer that the condition was known to be associated with raised systemic arterial pressure. Because it was recognized that albuminuria and hypertension could precede the onset of fits, the term pre-eclampsia was coined although this nomenclature is now criticized because only a small proportion of patients with pre-eclampsia subsequently develop eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is a multisystem disorder of unknown aetiology and unique to pregnant women after 20 weeks’ gestation. In the UK, 18.6 % of maternal deaths are caused by hypertensive diseases [42]. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are common, affecting 10.6 % of pregnant women [109]. Preeclampsia (i.e. proteinuric hypertension) affects 5.8 % of primigravidas, and 0.4 % of secundagravid women [84]. While premature labour is the leading cause of very low birthweight neonates, the next most common cause is hypertension which accounts for 23 % of all viable very low birthweight singleton infants [2]. Pre-eclampsia is a progressive disease with a very variable mode of presentation and rate of progression. Of all the features of the syndrome, hypertension, pregnancy-induced proteinuria, excessive weight gain and oedema are the classic clinical manifestations. Other features include, thrombocytopenia, hyperuricaemia, abnormal liver function tests, haemoconcentration, hypoalbuminaemia and eclampsia. Eclampsia is a rare but serious complication of pre-eclampsia; it complicates about 1:2000 deliveries in Europe and the developed countries [45] and from 1 : 100 to 1 : 1700 deliveries in developing

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
J H Pringle1, L Primrose1, Clive N. Kind2, Ian C. Talbot1, I. Lauder1 
TL;DR: An in situ hybridization technique has been developed for assessing poly(A)+ RNA preservation in routine pathology specimens and biotin labelled hybrids are demonstrated after hybridization under standard conditions by the application of streptavidin and biotinylated alkaline phosphatase.
Abstract: An in situ hybridization technique has been developed for assessing poly(A)+ RNA preservation in routine pathology specimens. The method detects poly-adenylated RNA sequences in tissue sections using a biotinylated polydeoxythymidine (poly d(T)) probe. The probe was prepared from single-stranded 25-30 base oligo d(T) and was biotinylated using the enzyme terminal deoxynucleotide transferase with biotin-11-dUTP and dTTP in the ratio 1:4. The hybridization protocol uses varying concentrations of proteinase K to unmask mRNA sequences and the biotin-labelled hybrids are demonstrated after hybridization under standard conditions by the application of streptavidin and biotinylated alkaline phosphatase. Alkaline phosphatase was visualized using a Fast Red naphthol-capture method and the sections were counterstained with haematoxylin. The results have confirmed that the method is specific for poly(A)+ RNA and shows that poly(A)+ RNA can be demonstrated in routine formalin-fixed sections using non-radioactive techniques with retention of morphology. It also provides a means of optimizing the hybridization conditions for specific mRNA probes and produces a staining pattern demonstrating the relative level of poly(A)+ RNA per cell which may reveal new information about cell activity and tissue function.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These data demonstrate excellent absolute and relative reliability of CBFV, whereas ARI is of comparable reliability with the measurement of HR, but more work is needed to understand the determinants of intra-subject variability in autoregulatory parameters.
Abstract: Spontaneous fluctuations in BP (blood pressure) and subsequent change in CBFV (cerebral blood flow velocity) in the MCA (middle cerebral artery) can be used to assess dynamic cerebral autoregulation using transfer function analysis; however, the reliability of this technique has not been assessed, in particular the contribution of intra-subject variability relative to inter-subject variability. Three bilateral CBFV, BP and RR interval recordings were performed in ten healthy volunteers on four separate occasions over a 2-week period. Data were analysed to provide the ARI (autoregulatory index), CBFV, RAP (resistance-area product) and CrCP (critical closing pressure). We also measured systolic and diastolic BP, and resting HR (heart rate). We calculated the SEM (standard error of measurement) and the ICC (intra-class correlation coefficient) and their 95% CIs (confidence intervals) for each parameter to assess their absolute (intra-subject) and relative (inter-subject) reliability. The CV (coefficient of variation) of SEM ranged from 1.7% (for CBFV) to 100.0% (for RAP), whereas the ICC was 0.8 for CBFV and diastolic BP. These data demonstrate excellent absolute and relative reliability of CBFV, whereas ARI is of comparable reliability with the measurement of HR. Using these results it is possible to determine the sample size required to demonstrate a change in ARI, with a sample of 45 subjects in each group required to show a change in ARI of 1, whereas to detect a change in ARI >2 would require only 11 subjects per group. The results of the present study could be valuable to the future planning of cerebral autoregulation studies, but more work is needed to understand the determinants of intra-subject variability in autoregulatory parameters.

111 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The origin and frequency of alarm soundings in a general purpose intensive therapy unit were recorded by the nursing staff for 3 weeks and only eight out of a total of 1455 soundings indicated potentially life threatening problems.
Abstract: Summary The origin and frequency of alarm soundings in a general purpose intensive therapy unit were recorded by the nursing staff for 3 weeks. Only eight out of a total of 1455 soundings indicated potentially life threatening problems. There were many false alarms from the monitoring system and the infusion rate pump. The overall frequency of soundings varied little by day or night. There is a need for a graded system of alarms to reflect the priority of the disturbance detected.

111 citations


Authors

Showing all 5314 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
George Davey Smith2242540248373
Nilesh J. Samani149779113545
Peter M. Rothwell13477967382
John F. Thompson132142095894
James A. Russell124102487929
Paul Bebbington11958346341
John P. Neoptolemos11264852928
Richard C. Trembath10736841128
Andrew J. Wardlaw9231133721
Melanie J. Davies8981436939
Philip Quirke8937834071
Kenneth J. O'Byrne8762939193
David R. Jones8770740501
Keith R. Abrams8635530980
Martin J. S. Dyer8537324909
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
St Thomas' Hospital
15.5K papers, 624.3K citations

92% related

Southampton General Hospital
9.9K papers, 546.6K citations

91% related

St Bartholomew's Hospital
13.2K papers, 501.1K citations

90% related

St Mary's Hospital
12.8K papers, 445.9K citations

90% related

Guy's Hospital
15.3K papers, 646K citations

90% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20234
202219
2021168
2020120
2019110
2018121