scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

London School of Economics and Political Science

EducationLondon, United Kingdom
About: London School of Economics and Political Science is a education organization based out in London, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 8759 authors who have published 35017 publications receiving 1436302 citations.


Papers
More filters
Posted Content
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the economic impact of industrial robots using new data on a panel of industries in 17 countries from 1993-2007 and found that industrial robots increased both labor productivity and value added.
Abstract: Despite ubiquitous discussions of robots' potential impact, there is almost no systematic empirical evidence on their economic effects In this paper we analyze for the first time the economic impact of industrial robots, using new data on a panel of industries in 17 countries from 1993-2007 We find that industrial robots increased both labor productivity and value added Our panel identification is robust to numerous controls, and we find similar results instrumenting increased robot use with a measure of workers' replaceability by robots, which is based on the tasks prevalent in industries before robots were widely employed We calculate that the increased use of robots raised countries' average growth rates by about 037 percentage points We also find that robots increased both wages and total factor productivity While robots had no significant effect on total hours worked, there is some evidence that they reduced the hours of both low-skilled and middle-skilled workers

377 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that because these assumptions are so divergent, they cannot both properly be incorporated within a single model of human resource management and conclude that the rhetoric adopted by companies frequendy embraces the tenets of the soft, commitment model, while the reality experienced by employees is more concerned with strategic control, similar to the hard model.
Abstract: Two of the most widely adopted models of human resource management are the hard and soft versions. These are based on opposing views of human nature and managerial control strategies. The hard model is based on notions of tight strategic control, and an economic model of man according to Theory X, while the soft model is based on control through commitment and Theory Y. We argue that because these assumptions are so divergent, they cannot both properly be incorporated within a single model of human resource management. Eight in-depth case studies were carried out, involving questionnaires, interviews and focus groups in order to find out whether organizations were practising either form of HRM. We found that no pure examples of either form existed. The paper concludes that the rhetoric adopted by Ae companies frequendy embraces the tenets of the soft, commitment model, while the reaUty experienced by employees is more concerned with strategic control, similar to the hard model. This distinction between rhetoric and reality needs to be taken into account in conceptualizations of human resource management.

376 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data collected in 2001 and 2002 to investigate the effects of the weak institutional environment in Russia on entrepreneurship, comparing it with all available GEM country samples and in more detail with Brazil and Poland.
Abstract: In this paper we use a comparative perspective to explore the ways in which institutions and networks have influenced entrepreneurial development in Russia. We utilize Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data collected in 2001 and 2002 to investigate the effects of the weak institutional environment in Russia on entrepreneurship, comparing it first with all available GEM country samples and second, in more detail, with Brazil and Poland. Our results provide strong evidence that Russia's institutional environment is important to explain its relatively low levels of entrepreneurship development, where the latter is measured in terms of both number of start-ups and of existing business owners. In addition, Russia's business environment contributes to the relative advantage of entrepreneurial insiders (those already in business) to entrepreneurial outsiders (newcomers) in terms of new business startups.

376 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors found that national party policies are the strongest predictors of voting behavior in the European Parliament and that the EP parties force MEPs to toe the party line when national party and EP party preferences conflict, which way do MEPs respond?to the principals who control their election (the national parties) or the principals that control their influence in the EP (the EP par? ties)?
Abstract: The European Parliament has be? come one of the most powerful insti? tutions in the European Union. Mem? bers of the European Parliament (MEPs) can now enact legislation, amend the European Union budget, veto the nominee for the European Union Commission President, and censure the Commission. But, we know little about what determines MEPs' voting behavior. Do they vote according to their personal policy preferences? Do the EP parties force MEPs to toe the party line? And, when national party and EP party preferences conflict, which way do MEPs respond?to the principals who control their election (the national parties) or the principals who control their influence in the EP (the EP par? ties)? The results reported here show that national party policies are the strongest predictors of voting behav? ior in the EP.

376 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline a sample model to explain why a digital divide may exist between rich and poor, and identify the key factors that foster local ownership and the availability of content and services that respond to the most pressing needs of the poor.
Abstract: Information and Communications Technology (ICT) can reduce poverty by improving poor people's access to education, health, government and financial services. ICT can also help small farmers and artisans by connecting them to markets. It is clear that in rural India -as well as in much of the developing world- realization of this potential is not guaranteed. This paper outlines a sample model to explain why a digital divide may exist between rich and poor. Low-cost access to information infrastructure is a necessary prerequisite for the successful use of ICT by the poor, but it is not sufficient. The implementation of ICT projects needs to be performed by organizations and individuals who have the appropriate incentives to work with marginalized groups. Furthermore, grassroots intermediaries and the involvement of the community are identified as the key factors that foster local ownership and the availability of content and services that respond to the most pressing needs of the poor.

376 citations


Authors

Showing all 9081 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Ichiro Kawachi149121690282
Amartya Sen149689141907
Peter Hall132164085019
Philippe Aghion12250773438
Robert West112106153904
Keith Beven11051461705
Andrew Pickles10943655981
Zvi Griliches10926071954
Martin Knapp106106748518
Stephen J. Wood10570039797
Jianqing Fan10448858039
Timothy Besley10336845988
Richard B. Freeman10086046932
Sonia Livingstone9951032667
John Van Reenen9844040128
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
Tilburg University
22.3K papers, 791.3K citations

89% related

World Bank
21.5K papers, 1.1M citations

89% related

National Bureau of Economic Research
34.1K papers, 2.8M citations

86% related

Economic Policy Institute
14.2K papers, 765.8K citations

85% related

University of Essex
24.4K papers, 752.8K citations

85% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023135
2022457
20212,030
20201,835
20191,636
20181,561