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Institution

London School of Economics and Political Science

EducationLondon, United Kingdom
About: London School of Economics and Political Science is a education organization based out in London, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 8759 authors who have published 35017 publications receiving 1436302 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the complementarity between the capabilities framework and the social model of disability is discussed, and the benefits of exposure to each can benefit from exposure to the other, which has implications for analysis (for example in identifying poverty or disadvantage), and for policy.
Abstract: This article seeks to illuminate the complementarity between the capabilities framework, developed by Amartya Sen and others, and the social model of disability. Common themes include the relationship between social barriers and individual limitations, the importance of autonomy and the value of freedom, and dissatisfaction with income as a measure of well‐being. Bringing the two approaches together has implications for analysis (for example in identifying poverty or disadvantage), and for policy, which are briefly illustrated. The article concludes that the capabilities framework provides a more general theoretical framework in which to locate the social model of disability, without compromising any of its central tenets; and the social model provides a thorough‐going application of the capabilities framework. Each can benefit from exposure to the other.

362 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a nonparametric procedure was used to calculate local Zipf exponents from the mean and variance of city growth rates to test the validity of Zipf's Law for cities.

362 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore whether monitoring for compliance with corporate codes of conduct, currently the principal way both global corporations and labor rights non-governmental organizations (NGOs) address poor working conditions in global supply chain factories, achieved remediation, as indicated by improved working conditions and stepped-up enforcement of labor rights.
Abstract: Using a unique data set based on factory audits of working conditions in over 800 of Nike's suppliers across 51 countries over the years 1998–2005, the authors explore whether monitoring for compliance with corporate codes of conduct—currently the principal way both global corporations and labor rights non-governmental organizations (NGOs) address poor working conditions in global supply chain factories—achieved remediation, as indicated by improved working conditions and stepped-up enforcement of labor rights. Despite substantial efforts and investments by Nike and its staff to improve working conditions among its suppliers, monitoring alone appears to have produced only limited results. However, when monitoring efforts were combined with other interventions focused on tackling some of the root causes of poor working conditions—in particular, by enabling suppliers to better schedule their work and to improve quality and efficiency—working conditions seem to have improved considerably.

362 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article provided a comprehensive history of anchor or reference currencies, exchange rate arrangements, and a new measure of foreign exchange restrictions for 194 countries and territories over 1946-2016, finding that the often cited post-Bretton Woods transition from fixed to flexible arrangements is overstated; regimes with limited flexibility remain in the majority.
Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive history of anchor or reference currencies, exchange rate arrangements, and a new measure of foreign exchange restrictions for 194 countries and territories over 1946-2016. We find that the often cited post-Bretton Woods transition from fixed to flexible arrangements is overstated; regimes with limited flexibility remain in the majority. Even if central bankers' communications jargon has evolved considerably in recent decades, it is apparent that many still place a large implicit weight on the exchange rate. The U.S. dollar scores as the world's dominant anchor currency by a very large margin. By some metrics, its use is far wider today than 70 years ago. In contrast, the global role of the euro appears to have stalled. We argue that in addition to the usual safe assets story, the record accumulation of reserves since 2002 may also have to do with many countries' desire to stabilize exchange rates in an environment of markedly reduced exchange rate restrictions or, more broadly, capital controls: an important amendment to the conventional portrayal of the macroeconomic trilemma.

361 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The concept of the "feminisation of poverty" has been used to give gender an increasingly prominent place within international discourses on poverty and poverty reduction as discussed by the authors, but the way in which gender has been incorporated pragmatically has rarely relieved women of the onus of coping with poverty in their households, and has sometimes exacerbated their burdens.
Abstract: The construct of the ‘feminisation of poverty’ has helped to give gender an increasingly prominent place within international discourses on poverty and poverty reduction. Yet the way in which gender has been incorporated pragmatically – predominantly through the ‘feminisation’ of anti-poverty programmes – has rarely relieved women of the onus of coping with poverty in their households, and has sometimes exacerbated their burdens. In order to explore how and why this is the case, as well as to sharpen the methodological and conceptual parameters of the ‘feminisation of poverty’ thesis, this paper examines four main questions. First, what are the common understandings of the ‘feminisation of poverty’? Second, what purposes have been served by the popularisation and adoption of this term? Third, what problems are there with the ‘feminisation of poverty’ analytically, and in respect of how the construct has been taken up and responded to in policy circles? Fourth, how do we make the ‘feminisation of ...

361 citations


Authors

Showing all 9081 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Ichiro Kawachi149121690282
Amartya Sen149689141907
Peter Hall132164085019
Philippe Aghion12250773438
Robert West112106153904
Keith Beven11051461705
Andrew Pickles10943655981
Zvi Griliches10926071954
Martin Knapp106106748518
Stephen J. Wood10570039797
Jianqing Fan10448858039
Timothy Besley10336845988
Richard B. Freeman10086046932
Sonia Livingstone9951032667
John Van Reenen9844040128
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023135
2022457
20212,030
20201,835
20191,636
20181,561