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Institution

London School of Economics and Political Science

EducationLondon, United Kingdom
About: London School of Economics and Political Science is a education organization based out in London, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 8759 authors who have published 35017 publications receiving 1436302 citations.


Papers
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Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a discussion on the dynamic models of labor demand and examine the theoretical explanations of facts and investigates the extent to which these explanations are consistent with empirical data.
Abstract: Publisher Summary The chapter presents a discussion on the dynamic models of labor demand. A firm does not hire its workforce afresh each day for the reason that it is cheaper not to do so. Hiring and firing generate costs for the firm over and above the weekly wage payment. As it is discussed, these costs ensure that the firm's demand for labor depends not only on current exogenous factors but also on the initial size of the workforce and expectations about the future levels of such factors. The firm's demand for labor cannot be described by a static model. The chapter examines the theoretical explanations of facts and investigates the extent to which these explanations are consistent with empirical data. The chapter discusses the size and structure of the “adjustment” costs imposed on the firm by turnover. This is an important issue because the structure of these costs is crucial in determining the temporal pattern of labor demand in response to exogenous shocks. This is followed by analyses of a number of dynamic models of the demand for labor. The chapter also discusses the formulation of empirical models and presents some of the limited amount of empirical work, which is explicitly based on a formulated dynamic theory. The chapter concludes with some general remarks on the directions in which research in this area might proceed.

312 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A livelihood perspective helps to strengthen resilience thinking by placing greater emphasis on human needs and their agency, empowerment and human rights, and considering adaptive livelihood systems in the context of wider transformational changes.
Abstract: The resilience concept requires greater attention to human livelihoods if it is to address the limits to adaptation strategies and the development needs of the planet's poorest and most vulnerable people. Although the concept of resilience is increasingly informing research and policy, its transfer from ecological theory to social systems leads to weak engagement with normative, social and political dimensions of climate change adaptation. A livelihood perspective helps to strengthen resilience thinking by placing greater emphasis on human needs and their agency, empowerment and human rights, and considering adaptive livelihood systems in the context of wider transformational changes.

312 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors randomly assign an $8.50 incentive to households in rural Bangladesh to temporarily out-migrate during the lean season, and the incentive induces 22% of households to send a seasonal migrant, their consumption at the origin increases significantly, and treated households are 8-10 percentage points more likely to remigrate 1 and 3 years after the incentive is removed.
Abstract: Hunger during pre-harvest lean seasons is widespread in the agrarian areas of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. We randomly assign an $8.50 incentive to households in rural Bangladesh to temporarily out-migrate during the lean season. The incentive induces 22% of households to send a seasonal migrant, their consumption at the origin increases significantly, and treated households are 8–10 percentage points more likely to re-migrate 1 and 3 years after the incentive is removed. These facts can be explained qualitatively by a model in which migration is risky, mitigating risk requires individual-specific learning, and some migrants are sufficiently close to subsistence that failed migration is very costly. We document evidence consistent with this model using heterogeneity analysis and additional experimental variation, but calibrations with forward-looking households that can save up to migrate suggest that it is difficult for the model to quantitatively match the data. We conclude with extensions to the model that could provide a better quantitative accounting of the behavior.

311 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article examined whether firms and executives with long-term political connections through contributions and lobbying incur lower costs from the enforcement actions by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and found that politically connected firms on average are less likely to be involved in SEC enforcement actions and face lower penalties if they are prosecuted by the SEC.
Abstract: In this study, I examine whether firms and executives with long-term political connections through contributions and lobbying incur lower costs from the enforcement actions by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). I find that politically connected firms on average are less likely to be involved in SEC enforcement actions and face lower penalties if they are prosecuted by the SEC. Contributions to politicians in a strong position to put pressure on the SEC are more effective than others at reducing the probability of enforcement and penalties imposed by an enforcement action. Moreover, the amounts paid to lobbyists with prior employment links to the SEC, and the amounts spent on lobbying the SEC directly, are more effective than other lobbying expenditures at reducing enforcement costs faced by firms.

311 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2000-Geoforum
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of new media developers in New York's "Silicon Alley" demonstrates that place and distance are still important in new media development, and that the most important aspect of this co-location is the possibility of social interaction.

311 citations


Authors

Showing all 9081 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Ichiro Kawachi149121690282
Amartya Sen149689141907
Peter Hall132164085019
Philippe Aghion12250773438
Robert West112106153904
Keith Beven11051461705
Andrew Pickles10943655981
Zvi Griliches10926071954
Martin Knapp106106748518
Stephen J. Wood10570039797
Jianqing Fan10448858039
Timothy Besley10336845988
Richard B. Freeman10086046932
Sonia Livingstone9951032667
John Van Reenen9844040128
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023135
2022457
20212,030
20201,835
20191,636
20181,561