Louisiana State University

About: Louisiana State University is a education organization based out in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 40206 authors who have published 76587 publications receiving 2566076 citations. The organization is also known as: LSU & Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College.

Local Capitalism, Civic Engagement, and Socioeconomic Well-Being

Abstract: This analysis is designed to extend a newly emerging body of social stratification research grounded in theories of civil society. The goal of this larger body of research and writing is to provide an alternative social and economic developmentparadigm to the dominant neoclassical/rational choice/human capital perspective. In an economic world woven together by global marketforces, local social structures can become key variables that influence which places prosper and which decline. We begin by hypothesizing that local capitalism and civic engagement variables are associated with positive socioeconomic outcomes (higher income levels and lower levels of income inequality, poverty, and unemployment). To test these notions, we employ data on more than 3,000 U.S. counties. Net of the substantial effects of the control variables, three measures of local civic society -small manufacturing establishments, familyfarms, and civically engaged religious denominations - vary as hypothesized in three offour models. The performance of these local capitalism and civic engagement variables suggests a robust association with beneficial local socioeconomic outcomes. We conclude by outlining needed research on civil society that would contributefurther to a social developmentperspective. Over the past twenty-five years, social scientists have begun to define the contours of a global system of economic production and mass consumption (Wallerstein 1974). During this time, the orienting frame for analysis has shifted from an

Mechanisms of acute and chronic intestinal inflammation induced by indomethacin

Abstract: The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanisms of acute and chronic intestinal mucosal injury and inflammation induced by subcutaneously injected indomethacin (Indo). One injection of Indo (7.5 mg/kg) produced acute injury and inflammation in the distal jejunum and proximal ileum that were maximal at three days and completely resolved within one week. Two daily subcutaneous injections of Indo produced a more extensive and chronic inflammation that lasted in an active form in more than 75% of the rats for at least two weeks. Epithelial injury, as measured by enhanced mucosal permeability, was significantly elevated only at one day in the acute model (one injection) but was persistently elevated in the chronic model (two injections). Bile duct ligation completely attenuated increased mucosal permeability in the acute model, however, depletion of circulating neutrophils had no effect. Neither Indo (0-0.1 mg/ml) nor normal bile was cytotoxic to cultured rat intestinal epithelial cells; however, they synergistically promoted significant cytotoxicity. Bile collected from rats treated with Indo was cytotoxic towards the epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Sulfasalazine and metronidazole (100 mg/kg/day, both) attenuated enhanced mucosal permeability in the chronic model. Massive bacterial translocation into the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and spleen following two injections of Indo was significantly attenuated by metronidazole. We conclude that: (1) a single injection of Indo produces acute intestinal mucosal injury and inflammation that resolve completely within three to seven days, whereas two daily injections of Indo produce both acute and chronic injury and inflammation, (2) enterohepatic circulation of Indo is important in promoting the acute phases of injury and inflammation, (3) circulating neutrophils do not play a role in the pathogenesis of this model, and (4) endogenous bacteria play an important role in exacerbating and/or perpetuating the chronic phases of injury and inflammation.

Regionally isolated populations of an imperiled Caribbean coral, Acropora palmata.

Abstract: The movements of larvae between marine populations are difficult to follow directly and have been the subject of much controversy, especially in the Caribbean. The debate centres on the degree to which populations are demographically open, such that depleted populations can be replenished by recruitment from distant healthy populations, or demographically closed and thus in need of local management. Given the depressed state of many tropical reef populations, the understanding of these movements now bears critically on the number, placement, and size of marine reserves. Most genetic analyses assume that dispersal patterns have been stable for thousands of generations, thus they commonly reflect past colonization histories more than ongoing dispersal. Recently developed multilocus genotyping approaches, however, have the demonstrated ability to detect both migration and population isolation over far shorter timescales. Previously, we developed five microsatellite markers and demonstrated them to be both Mendelian and coral-specific. Using these markers and Bayesian analyses, we show here that populations of the imperiled reef-building coral, Acropora palmata, have experienced little or no recent genetic exchange between the western and the eastern Caribbean. Puerto Rico is identified as an area of mixing between the two subregions. As a consequence of this regional isolation, populations in the western and eastern Caribbean should have the potential to adapt to local conditions and will require population-specific management strategies.

The Relationship between Perceived and Objective Price-Quality:

Abstract: Four studies were conducted to assess the accuracy with which consumers perceive objective price-quality relationships. Results across four studies indicate that, overall, consumers perceive object...