Institution
Lund University
Education•Lund, Sweden•
About: Lund University is a education organization based out in Lund, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 42345 authors who have published 124676 publications receiving 5016438 citations. The organization is also known as: Lunds Universitet & University of Lund.
Topics: Population, Cancer, Breast cancer, Insulin, Transplantation
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss problems in PLFA interpretation, the extent of turnover of PLFAs in soil, and the flawed use of diversity indices to evaluate PLFA patterns.
Abstract: The determination of the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) pattern of soil organisms has become one of the most commonly used methods to study microbial community structure. Here we recapitulate the background of our work applying the PLFA method to soil in the early 1990s. We also stress that although the PLFA method was, and still is, a rapid and sensitive method to detect changes in the microbial community in soil, as with all popular methods it can be misused. We discuss problems in PLFA interpretation, the extent of turn-over of PLFAs in soil, and the flawed use of diversity indices to evaluate PLFA patterns.
941 citations
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Montreal General Hospital1, McGill University2, University of Pittsburgh3, SUNY Downstate Medical Center4, Toronto Western Hospital5, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine6, University of Calgary7, University of Birmingham8, Hanyang University9, University College London10, NHS Lanarkshire11, Yeshiva University12, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill13, Lund University14, University of Alabama at Birmingham15, Université de Montréal16, Dalhousie University17, University of British Columbia18, University of Western Ontario19, Royal University Hospital20, University of Manitoba21, Northwestern University22
TL;DR: The Lupus Survival Study Group data are reviewed and particularly the data from the State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, NY is reviewed.
Abstract: Objective. To examine mortality rates in the largest systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort ever assembled. Methods. Our sample was a multisite international SLE cohort (23 centers, 9,547 patients). Deaths were ascertained by vital statistics registry linkage. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR; ratio of deaths observed to deaths expected) estimates were calculated for-all deaths and by cause. The effects of sex, age, SLE duration, race, and calendar-year periods were determined. Results. The overall SMR was 2.4 (95% confidence interval 2.3-2.5). Particularly high mortality was seen for circulatory disease, infections, renal disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and lung cancer. The highest SMR estimates were seen in patient groups characterized by female sex, younger age, SLE duration < 1 year, or black/African American race. There was a dramatic decrease in total SMR estimates across calendar-year periods, which was demonstrable for specific causes including death due to infections and death due to renal disorders. However, the SMR due to circulatory diseases tended to increase slightly from the 1970s to the year 2001. Conclusion. Our data from a very large multicenter international cohort emphasize what has been demonstrated previously in smaller samples. These results highlight the increased mortality rate in SLE patients compared with the general population, and they suggest particular risk associated with female sex, younger age, shorter SLE duration, and black/African American race. The risk for certain types of deaths, primarily related to lupus activity (such as renal disease), has decreased over time, while the risk for deaths due to circulatory disease does not appear to have diminished. (Less)
940 citations
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Oregon State University1, University of Antwerp2, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli3, Max Planck Society4, University of New Hampshire5, Tuscia University6, University of Edinburgh7, University of Oxford8, University of Liège9, Dresden University of Technology10, University College Dublin11, Institut national de la recherche agronomique12, Tulane University13, University of Minnesota14, Pennsylvania State University15, VU University Amsterdam16, University of California, Irvine17, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences18, Oak Ridge National Laboratory19, United States Department of Agriculture20, Harvard University21, University of Helsinki22, Wageningen University and Research Centre23, Lund University24, Finnish Meteorological Institute25, University of Lisbon26, University of Milan27, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology28
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive global database for forest ecosystems, which includes carbon budget variables (fluxes and stocks), ecosystem traits (e.g., leaf area index, age), as well as ancillary site information such as management regime, climate, and soil characteristics.
Abstract: Terrestrial ecosystems sequester 2.1 Pg of atmospheric carbon annually. A large amount of the terrestrial sink is realized by forests. However, considerable uncertainties remain regarding the fate of this carbon over both short and long timescales. Relevant data to address these uncertainties are being collected at many sites around the world, but syntheses of these data are still sparse. To facilitate future synthesis activities, we have assembled a comprehensive global database for forest ecosystems, which includes carbon budget variables (fluxes and stocks), ecosystem traits (e.g. leaf area index, age), as well as ancillary site information such as management regime, climate, and soil characteristics. This publicly available database can be used to quantify global, regional or biome-specific carbon budgets; to re-examine established relationships; to test emerging hypotheses about ecosystem functioning [e.g. a constant net ecosystem production (NEP) to gross primary production (GPP) ratio]; and as benchmarks for model evaluations. In this paper, we present the first analysis of this database. We discuss the climatic influences on GPP, net primary production (NPP) and NEP and present the CO2 balances for boreal, temperate, and tropical forest biomes based on micrometeorological, ecophysiological, and biometric flux and inventory estimates. Globally, GPP of forests benefited from higher temperatures and precipitation whereas NPP saturated above either a threshold of 1500 mm precipitation or a mean annual temperature of 10 degrees C. The global pattern in NEP was insensitive to climate and is hypothesized to be mainly determined by nonclimatic conditions such as successional stage, management, site history, and site disturbance. In all biomes, closing the CO2 balance required the introduction of substantial biome-specific closure terms. Nonclosure was taken as an indication that respiratory processes, advection, and non-CO2 carbon fluxes are not presently being adequately accounted for.
938 citations
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University of Cambridge1, Medical Research Council2, University of Glasgow3, Pasteur Institute4, University of Groningen5, The Heart Research Institute6, University of California, San Diego7, Boston University8, University of Gothenburg9, German Cancer Research Center10, University College London11, University of Oxford12, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich13, University of Vermont14, University of Bristol15, VU University Amsterdam16, Lund University17, University of Minnesota18, University of Edinburgh19, Cardiff University20, Harvard University21, Istituto Superiore di Sanità22, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention23, Erasmus University Rotterdam24, Memorial Hospital of South Bend25, Karolinska Institutet26, Osaka University27, University of Copenhagen28, Innsbruck Medical University29, Kyushu University30, University of Ulm31, Wageningen University and Research Centre32, University of Pittsburgh33, University of London34, National Institute for Health and Welfare35, Istanbul University36, Harokopio University37, University of Washington38, University of Hawaii at Manoa39, University of Eastern Finland40, Analytical Services41, Columbia University42, Maastricht University43, University of Oulu44, Merck & Co.45, Yeshiva University46, Umeå University47, Leiden University48, St George's, University of London49, University of Sydney50, University of Iceland51
TL;DR: It is estimated that under current treatment guidelines, assessment of the CRP or fibrinogen level in people at intermediate risk for a cardiovascular event could help prevent one additional event over a period of 10 years for every 400 to 500 people screened.
Abstract: Background There is debate about the value of assessing levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and other biomarkers of inflammation for the prediction of first cardiovascular events. Methods We analyzed data from 52 prospective studies that included 246,669 participants without a history of cardiovascular disease to investigate the value of adding CRP or fibrinogen levels to conventional risk factors for the prediction of cardiovascular risk. We calculated measures of discrimination and reclassification during follow-up and modeled the clinical implications of initiation of statin therapy after the assessment of CRP or fibrinogen. Results The addition of information on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to a prognostic model for cardiovascular disease that included age, sex, smoking status, blood pressure, history of diabetes, and total cholesterol level increased the C-index, a measure of risk discrimination, by 0.0050. The further addition to this model of information on CRP or fibrinogen increased the C-index by 0.0039 and 0.0027, respectively (P = 20%) (P = 20% and for those with certain other risk factors, such as diabetes, irrespective of their 10-year predicted risk), additional targeted assessment of CRP or fibrinogen levels in the 13,199 remaining participants at intermediate risk could help prevent approximately 30 additional cardiovascular events over the course of 10 years. Conclusions In a study of people without known cardiovascular disease, we estimated that under current treatment guidelines, assessment of the CRP or fibrinogen level in people at intermediate risk for a cardiovascular event could help prevent one additional event over a period of 10 years for every 400 to 500 people screened. (Funded by the British Heart Foundation and others.)
938 citations
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TL;DR: The continental crust of the Baltic Shield was formed between 3.5 and 1.5 Ga ago during four periods of orogenic activity as mentioned in this paper, during which an extensive area of tonalitic-trondhjemitic crust was generated.
938 citations
Authors
Showing all 42777 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
Fred H. Gage | 216 | 967 | 185732 |
Kari Stefansson | 206 | 794 | 174819 |
Mark I. McCarthy | 200 | 1028 | 187898 |
Ruedi Aebersold | 182 | 879 | 141881 |
Jie Zhang | 178 | 4857 | 221720 |
Feng Zhang | 172 | 1278 | 181865 |
Martin G. Larson | 171 | 620 | 117708 |
Michael Snyder | 169 | 840 | 130225 |
Unnur Thorsteinsdottir | 167 | 444 | 121009 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Carl W. Cotman | 165 | 809 | 105323 |
Dennis R. Burton | 164 | 683 | 90959 |
Jaakko Kaprio | 163 | 1532 | 126320 |
Panos Deloukas | 162 | 410 | 154018 |