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Institution

Maastricht University

EducationMaastricht, Limburg, Netherlands
About: Maastricht University is a education organization based out in Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 19263 authors who have published 53291 publications receiving 2266866 citations. The organization is also known as: Universiteit Maastricht & UM.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a new dimension of long- versus short-term orientation, a dimension originally found by Bond among students in 23 countries, became Hofstede's fifth dimension of national cultures.
Abstract: Long- versus short-term orientation, a national value dimension originally found by Bond among students in 23 countries, became Hofstede's (1991) fifth dimension of national cultures. Recent analyses by Minkov (2007) of World Values Survey data, collected from representative samples of national populations, allow the calculation of a new version of this dimension, this time across 93 countries. National scores on the dimension correlate with certain family values, with school results, with business values, with environmental values and, under favorable historical conditions, with economic growth. In 1988 the dimension scores led to a prediction of China's economic success. The new scores allow new predictions for economic developments in different parts of the world.

460 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two progressive strategies for MCTS are introduced, called progressive bias and progressive unpruning, which enable the use of relatively time-expensive heuristic knowledge without speed reduction.
Abstract: Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a new best-first search guided by the results of Monte-Carlo simulations. In this article, we introduce two progressive strategies for MCTS, called progressive bias and progressive unpruning. They enable the use of relatively time-expensive heuristic knowledge without speed reduction. Progressive bias directs the search according to heuristic knowledge. Progressive unpruning first reduces the branching factor, and then increases it gradually again. Experiments assess that the two progressive strategies significantly improve the level of our Go program Mango. Moreover, we see that the combination of both strategies performs even better on larger board sizes.

458 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Increased atrial pressure in the isolated rabbit heart resulted in a significant increase in vulnerability to AF that was closely correlated to shortening of the AERP and no correlation was found with the spatial dispersion between right and left AERPs.
Abstract: Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequently observed under conditions that are associated with atrial dilatation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of atrial dilatation on the substrate of AF. Methods and Results In 15 Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts, the interatrial septum was perforated, and after occlusion of the caval and pulmonary veins, biatrial pressure was increased by raising the level of an outflow cannula in the pulmonary artery. Right and left atrial effective refractory periods (AERPs), monophasic action potentials (MAPs), and inducibility of AF by single premature stimuli were measured as a function of atrial pressure. Increasing the atrial pressure from 0.5±0.7 to 16.2±2.2 cm H2O resulted in a progressive shortening of the right AERP from 82.2±9.8 to 48.0±5.1 ms. In the left atrium, an increase in pressure up to 7.4±0.3 cm H2O had no effect on the AERP. At higher pressures, however, the left AERP also shortened, from 67.5±7.5 to 49.3±2.0 ms. The duration of MAPs ...

458 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The authors found no evidence of a positive association between total dietary fat intake and the risk of breast cancer, even among women whose energy intake from fat was less than 20 percent of total energy intake.

458 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Compared with individuals classed as normal, participants with preclinical Alzheimer's disease had an increased risk of death after adjusting for covariates, and could be an important target for therapeutic intervention.
Abstract: Summary Background New research criteria for preclinical Alzheimer's disease have been proposed, which include stages for cognitively normal individuals with abnormal amyloid markers (stage 1), abnormal amyloid and neuronal injury markers (stage 2), or abnormal amyloid and neuronal injury markers and subtle cognitive changes (stage 3). We aimed to investigate the prevalence and long-term outcome of preclinical Alzheimer's disease according to these criteria. Methods Participants were cognitively normal (clinical dementia rating [CDR]=0) community-dwelling volunteers aged at least 65 years who were enrolled between 1998 and 2011 at the Washington University School of Medicine (MO, USA). CSF amyloid-β 1–42 and tau concentrations and a memory composite score were used to classify participants as normal (both markers normal), preclinical Alzheimer's disease stage 1–3, or suspected non-Alzheimer pathophysiology (SNAP, abnormal injury marker without abnormal amyloid marker). The primary outcome was the proportion of participants in each preclinical AD stage. Secondary outcomes included progression to CDR at least 0·5, symptomatic Alzheimer's disease (score of at least 0·5 for memory and at least one other domain and cognitive impairments deemed to be due to Alzheimer's disease), and mortality. We undertook survival analyses using subdistribution and standard Cox hazards models and linear mixed models. Findings Of 311 participants, 129 (41%) were classed as normal, 47 (15%) as stage 1, 36 (12%) as stage 2, 13 (4%) as stage 3, 72 (23%) as SNAP, and 14 (5%) remained unclassified. The 5-year progression rate to CDR at least 0·5, symptomatic Alzheimer's disease was 2% for participants classed as normal, 11% for stage 1, 26% for stage 2, 56% for stage 3, and 5% for SNAP. Compared with individuals classed as normal, participants with preclinical Alzheimer's disease had an increased risk of death after adjusting for covariates (hazard ratio 6·2, 95% CI 1·1–35·0; p=0·040). Interpretation Preclinical Alzheimer's disease is common in cognitively normal elderly people and is associated with future cognitive decline and mortality. Thus, preclinical Alzheimer's disease could be an important target for therapeutic intervention. Funding National Institute of Aging of the National Institutes of Health (P01-AG003991, P50-AG05681, P01-AG02676), Internationale Stichting Alzheimer Onderzoek, the Center for Translational Molecular Medicine project LeARN, the EU/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking, and the Charles and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Research Initiative.

457 citations


Authors

Showing all 19492 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Edward Giovannucci2061671179875
Julie E. Buring186950132967
Aaron R. Folsom1811118134044
John J.V. McMurray1781389184502
Alvaro Pascual-Leone16596998251
Lex M. Bouter158767103034
David T. Felson153861133514
Walter Paulus14980986252
Michael Conlon O'Donovan142736118857
Randy L. Buckner141346110354
Philip Scheltens1401175107312
Anne Tjønneland139134591556
Ewout W. Steyerberg139122684896
James G. Herman138410120628
Andrew Steptoe137100373431
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023107
2022344
20214,522
20203,881
20193,367
20183,019