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Institution

Macquarie University

EducationSydney, New South Wales, Australia
About: Macquarie University is a education organization based out in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 14075 authors who have published 47673 publications receiving 1416184 citations. The organization is also known as: Macquarie uni.
Topics: Population, Laser, Galaxy, Anxiety, Mantle (geology)


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Inclusion of soil animals will improve the predictive capabilities of region- or biome-scale decomposition models, soil animal influences on decomposition are important at the regional scale when attempting to predict global change scenarios, and the statistical relationship between decomposition rates and climate, at the global scale, is robust against changes in soil faunal abundance and diversity.
Abstract: Climate and litter quality are primary drivers of terrestrial decomposition and, based on evidence from multisite experiments at regional and global scales, are universally factored into global decomposition models. In contrast, soil animals are considered key regulators of decomposition at local scales but their role at larger scales is unresolved. Soil animals are consequently excluded from global models of organic mineralization processes. Incomplete assessment of the roles of soil animals stems from the difficulties of manipulating invertebrate animals experimentally across large geographic gradients. This is compounded by deficient or inconsistent taxonomy. We report a global decomposition experiment to assess the importance of soil animals in C mineralization, in which a common grass litter substrate was exposed to natural decomposition in either control or reduced animal treatments across 30 sites distributed from 43°S to 68°N on six continents. Animals in the mesofaunal size range were recovered from the litter by Tullgren extraction and identified to common specifications, mostly at the ordinal level. The design of the trials enabled faunal contribution to be evaluated against abiotic parameters between sites. Soil animals increase decomposition rates in temperate and wet tropical climates, but have neutral effects where temperature or moisture constrain biological activity. Our findings highlight that faunal influences on decomposition are dependent on prevailing climatic conditions. We conclude that (1) inclusion of soil animals will improve the predictive capabilities of region- or biome-scale decomposition models, (2) soil animal influences on decomposition are important at the regional scale when attempting to predict global change scenarios, and (3) the statistical relationship between decomposition rates and climate, at the global scale, is robust against changes in soil faunal abundance and diversity.

425 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Anne D. Bjorkman1, Anne D. Bjorkman2, Isla H. Myers-Smith2, Sarah C. Elmendorf3, Sarah C. Elmendorf4, Sarah C. Elmendorf5, Signe Normand1, Nadja Rüger6, Pieter S. A. Beck, Anne Blach-Overgaard1, Daan Blok7, J. Hans C. Cornelissen8, Bruce C. Forbes9, Damien Georges2, Scott J. Goetz10, Kevin C. Guay11, Gregory H. R. Henry12, Janneke HilleRisLambers13, Robert D. Hollister14, Dirk Nikolaus Karger15, Jens Kattge16, Peter Manning, Janet S. Prevéy, Christian Rixen, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub17, Haydn J.D. Thomas2, Mark Vellend18, Martin Wilmking19, Sonja Wipf, Michele Carbognani20, Luise Hermanutz21, Esther Lévesque22, Ulf Molau23, Alessandro Petraglia20, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia24, Marko J. Spasojevic25, Marcello Tomaselli20, Tage Vowles23, Juha M. Alatalo26, Heather D. Alexander27, Alba Anadon-Rosell28, Alba Anadon-Rosell19, Sandra Angers-Blondin2, Mariska te Beest29, Mariska te Beest30, Logan T. Berner10, Robert G. Björk23, Agata Buchwal31, Agata Buchwal32, Allan Buras33, Katherine S. Christie34, Elisabeth J. Cooper35, Stefan Dullinger36, Bo Elberling37, Anu Eskelinen38, Anu Eskelinen39, Esther R. Frei15, Esther R. Frei12, Oriol Grau40, Paul Grogan41, Martin Hallinger, Karen A. Harper42, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans33, James I. Hudson, Karl Hülber36, Maitane Iturrate-Garcia17, Colleen M. Iversen43, Francesca Jaroszynska44, Jill F. Johnstone45, Rasmus Halfdan Jørgensen37, Elina Kaarlejärvi30, Elina Kaarlejärvi46, Rebecca A Klady12, Sara Kuleza45, Aino Kulonen, Laurent J. Lamarque22, Trevor C. Lantz47, Chelsea J. Little17, Chelsea J. Little48, James D. M. Speed49, Anders Michelsen37, Ann Milbau50, Jacob Nabe-Nielsen1, Sigrid Schøler Nielsen1, Josep M. Ninot28, Steven F. Oberbauer51, Johan Olofsson30, Vladimir G. Onipchenko52, Sabine B. Rumpf36, Philipp R. Semenchuk36, Philipp R. Semenchuk35, Rohan Shetti19, Laura Siegwart Collier21, Lorna E. Street2, Katharine N. Suding5, Ken D. Tape53, Andrew J. Trant54, Andrew J. Trant21, Urs A. Treier1, Jean-Pierre Tremblay55, Maxime Tremblay22, Susanna Venn56, Stef Weijers57, Tara Zamin41, Noémie Boulanger-Lapointe12, William A. Gould58, David S. Hik59, Annika Hofgaard, Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir60, Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir61, Janet C. Jorgenson62, Julia A. Klein63, Borgthor Magnusson, Craig E. Tweedie64, Philip A. Wookey65, Michael Bahn66, Benjamin Blonder67, Benjamin Blonder68, Peter M. van Bodegom24, Benjamin Bond-Lamberty69, Giandiego Campetella70, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini71, F. Stuart Chapin53, William K. Cornwell72, Joseph M. Craine, Matteo Dainese, Franciska T. de Vries73, Sandra Díaz74, Brian J. Enquist75, Brian J. Enquist76, Walton A. Green77, Rubén Milla78, Ülo Niinemets79, Yusuke Onoda80, Jenny C. Ordoñez81, Wim A. Ozinga82, Wim A. Ozinga33, Josep Peñuelas40, Hendrik Poorter83, Hendrik Poorter84, Peter Poschlod85, Peter B. Reich86, Peter B. Reich87, Brody Sandel88, Brandon S. Schamp89, Serge N. Sheremetev90, Evan Weiher91 
Aarhus University1, University of Edinburgh2, National Ecological Observatory Network3, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research4, University of Colorado Boulder5, Smithsonian Institution6, Lund University7, VU University Amsterdam8, University of Lapland9, Northern Arizona University10, Bigelow Laboratory For Ocean Sciences11, University of British Columbia12, University of Washington13, Grand Valley State University14, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research15, Max Planck Society16, University of Zurich17, Université de Sherbrooke18, University of Greifswald19, University of Parma20, Memorial University of Newfoundland21, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières22, University of Gothenburg23, Leiden University24, University of California, Riverside25, Qatar University26, Mississippi State University27, University of Barcelona28, Utrecht University29, Umeå University30, University of Alaska Anchorage31, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań32, Wageningen University and Research Centre33, Alaska Department of Fish and Game34, University of Tromsø35, University of Vienna36, University of Copenhagen37, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ38, University of Oulu39, Spanish National Research Council40, Queen's University41, Saint Mary's University42, Oak Ridge National Laboratory43, University of Aberdeen44, University of Saskatchewan45, Vrije Universiteit Brussel46, University of Victoria47, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology48, Norwegian University of Science and Technology49, Research Institute for Nature and Forest50, Florida International University51, Moscow State University52, University of Alaska Fairbanks53, University of Waterloo54, Laval University55, Deakin University56, University of Bonn57, United States Forest Service58, Simon Fraser University59, University Centre in Svalbard60, University of Iceland61, United States Fish and Wildlife Service62, Colorado State University63, University of Texas at El Paso64, University of Stirling65, University of Innsbruck66, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory67, University of Oxford68, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory69, University of Camerino70, University of Insubria71, University of New South Wales72, University of Manchester73, National University of Cordoba74, Santa Fe Institute75, University of Arizona76, Harvard University77, King Juan Carlos University78, Estonian University of Life Sciences79, Kyoto University80, World Agroforestry Centre81, Radboud University Nijmegen82, Macquarie University83, Forschungszentrum Jülich84, University of Regensburg85, University of Sydney86, University of Minnesota87, Santa Clara University88, Algoma University89, Komarov Botanical Institute90, University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire91
04 Oct 2018-Nature
TL;DR: Biome-wide relationships between temperature, moisture and seven key plant functional traits across the tundra and over time show that community height increased with warming across all sites, whereas other traits lagged behind predicted rates of change.
Abstract: The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. A better understanding of how environmental factors shape plant structure and function is crucial for predicting the consequences of environmental change for ecosystem functioning. Here we explore the biome-wide relationships between temperature, moisture and seven key plant functional traits both across space and over three decades of warming at 117 tundra locations. Spatial temperature-trait relationships were generally strong but soil moisture had a marked influence on the strength and direction of these relationships, highlighting the potentially important influence of changes in water availability on future trait shifts in tundra plant communities. Community height increased with warming across all sites over the past three decades, but other traits lagged far behind predicted rates of change. Our findings highlight the challenge of using space-for-time substitution to predict the functional consequences of future warming and suggest that functions that are tied closely to plant height will experience the most rapid change. They also reveal the strength with which environmental factors shape biotic communities at the coldest extremes of the planet and will help to improve projections of functional changes in tundra ecosystems with climate warming.

425 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article investigated laypeople's accounts of the causes, features, and consequences of workplace anger episodes and examined similarities and differences among superiors', co-workers' and subordinates' anger experiences.
Abstract: The overall aim of this study was to investigate laypeople's accounts of the causes, features, and consequences of workplace anger episodes and to examine similarities and differences amongst superiors', co-workers' and subordinates' anger experiences. One hundred and seventy-five respondents participated in structured interviews about a work-related anger episode with a superior, co-worker, or subordinate. Various features of the anger episodes differed according to the status of the respondent, with superiors angered by morally reprehensible behaviors and job incompetence, co-workers angered by morally reprehensible behaviors and public humiliation, and subordinates angered by unjust treatment. Subordinates were less likely than superiors to confront the anger target and more likely to consider the incident unresolved. Humiliating offences elicited more intense hate than non-humiliating offences; hate was also negatively associated with situational power and with a perceived successful resolution of the anger-eliciting event. Theoretical implications of the results are discussed in relation to the role of power in the experience and expression of anger in the workplace. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

424 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The SAMI Galaxy Survey as discussed by the authors is a 3-year survey of 3400 galaxies with the Sydney-AAO Multi-Object Integral Field Spectrograph (SAMI) on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT).
Abstract: The SAMI Galaxy Survey will observe 3400 galaxies with the Sydney-AAO Multi- object Integral-field spectrograph (SAMI) on the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) in a 3-year survey which began in 2013. We present the throughput of the SAMI system, the science basis and specifications for the target selection, the survey observation plan and the combined properties of the selected galaxies. The survey includes four volume-limited galaxy samples based on cuts in a proxy for stellar mass, along with low-stellar-mass dwarf galaxies all selected from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey. The GAMA regions were selected because of the vast array of ancillary data available, including ultraviolet through to radio bands. These fields are on the celestial equator at 9, 12, and 14.5 hours, and cover a total of 144 square degrees (in GAMA-I). Higher density environments are also included with the addition of eight clusters. The clusters have spectroscopy from 2dFGRS and SDSS and photometry in regions covered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and/or VLT Survey Telescope/ATLAS. The aim is to cover a broad range in stellar mass and environment, and therefore the primary survey targets cover redshifts 0.004 < z < 0.095, magnitudes rpet < 19.4, stellar masses 107– 1012M⊙, and environments from isolated field galaxies through groups to clusters of _ 1015M⊙.

424 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Jun 2006-Nature
TL;DR: The current composition of the mantle indicates that much of the re-equilibration took place in a deep (> 400 km) molten silicate layer, or ‘magma ocean’, and that conditions became more oxidizing with time as the Earth grew.
Abstract: The Earth took 30-40 million years to accrete from smaller 'planetesimals'. Many of these planetesimals had metallic iron cores and during growth of the Earth this metal re-equilibrated with the Earth's silicate mantle, extracting siderophile ('iron-loving') elements into the Earth's iron-rich core. The current composition of the mantle indicates that much of the re-equilibration took place in a deep (> 400 km) molten silicate layer, or 'magma ocean', and that conditions became more oxidizing with time as the Earth grew. The high-pressure nature of the core-forming process led to the Earth's core being richer in low-atomic-number elements, notably silicon and possibly oxygen, than the cores of the smaller planetesimal building blocks.

424 citations


Authors

Showing all 14346 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Yang Yang1712644153049
Peter B. Reich159790110377
Nicholas J. Talley158157190197
John R. Hodges14981282709
Thomas J. Smith1401775113919
Andrew G. Clark140823123333
Joss Bland-Hawthorn136111477593
John F. Thompson132142095894
Xin Wang121150364930
William L. Griffin11786261494
Richard Shine115109656544
Ian T. Paulsen11235469460
Jianjun Liu112104071032
Douglas R. MacFarlane11086454236
Richard A. Bryant10976943971
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023110
2022463
20214,106
20204,009
20193,549
20183,119