Macquarie University

About: Macquarie University is a education organization based out in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 14075 authors who have published 47673 publications receiving 1416184 citations. The organization is also known as: Macquarie uni.

Expression profile analysis of the low-oxygen response in Arabidopsis root cultures.

Abstract: We used DNA microarray technology to identify genes involved in the low-oxygen response of Arabidopsis root cultures. A microarray containing 3500 cDNA clones was screened with cDNA samples taken at various times (0.5, 2, 4, and 20 h) after transfer to low-oxygen conditions. A package of statistical tools identified 210 differentially expressed genes over the four time points. Principal component analysis showed the 0.5-h response to contain a substantially different set of genes from those regulated differentially at the other three time points. The differentially expressed genes included the known anaerobic proteins as well as transcription factors, signal transduction components, and genes that encode enzymes of pathways not known previously to be involved in low-oxygen metabolism. We found that the regulatory regions of genes with a similar expression profile contained similar sequence motifs, suggesting the coordinated transcriptional control of groups of genes by common sets of regulatory factors.

Leaf trait relationships of native and invasive plants: community- and global-scale comparisons.

Abstract: Summary • Leaf carbon capture strategies of native and exotic invasive plants were compared by examining leaf traits and their scaling relationships at community and global scales • Community-level leaf trait data were obtained for 55 vascular plant species from nutrient-enriched and undisturbed bushland in Sydney, Australia. Global-scale leaf trait data were compiled from the literature for 75 native and 90 exotic invasive coexisting species. • At the community level, specific leaf area (SLA), foliar nitrogen and phosphorus (Nmass and Pmass) and N:P ratio were significantly higher for exotics at disturbed sites compared with natives at undisturbed sites, with natives at disturbed sites being intermediate. SLA, Nmass and Pmass were positively correlated, with significant shifts in group means along a common standardized major axis (SMA) slope. At the global scale, invasives had significantly higher Nmass, Pmass, assimilation rate (Amass and Aarea) and leaf area ratio (LAR) than natives. All traits showed positive correlations, with significant shifts in group means along a common slope. For a given SLA, invasives had higher Amass (7.7%) and Nmass (28%). • Thus, exotic invasives do not have fundamentally different carbon capture strategies from natives but are positioned further along the leaf economics spectrum towards faster growth strategies. Species with leaf traits enabling rapid growth will be successful invaders when introduced to novel environments where resources are not limited.

Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia

Abstract: List of figures List of tables Preface Abbreviations Introduction Part I. The 'Real' East Asian Miracle: 1. Tiger chips: the rise of East Asia in the global semiconductor industry 2. Technology leverage as latecomer strategy Part II. National Institutional Pathways: 3. The Tangbun boom and the chaebol: how Korea did it 4. A cat can look at a king: how Taiwan did it 5. Jack and the beanstalk: how Singapore and Malaysia are doing it Part III. The Technology Leverage Strategy: 6. East Asian semiconductor industries: national strategies and sustainability 7. Limits to technology leverage strategies 8. National systems of economic learning: lessons from East Asia Appendix I. Exchange rates: 1975-97 Appendix II. Chronology Glossary Bibliography Index.

Treatment of Fruit with Propylene gives Information about the Biogenesis of Ethylene

Abstract: FLESHY fruits have been divided into two classes on the basis of their respiratory behaviour during ripening: climacteric fruit, such as bananas, which undergo a large increase in respiration (climacteric rise) accompanied by marked changes in composition and texture, and non-climacteric fruit such as citrus, which show no changes in respiration that can be associated with distinct changes in the composition of the fruit1. An increase in the level of endogenous ethylene is considered to be the immediate trigger of ripening in climacteric fruits2. Fruits of this class usually produce large amounts of ethylene once ripening is under way. They may also be induced to ripen by treatment with ethylene at concentrations above about 0.1 p.p.m. for a suitable period3. The ripening induced by exogenous ethylene has been considered to be qualitatively identical with that which occurs naturally3. In both cases, once ripening is induced it has been considered that endogenous ethylene production rises autocatalytically4. Uninjured citrus fruit have been shown to produce low amounts of ethylene5. Their respiration may be increased by treatment with ethylene6 and disappearance of chlorophyll (colouring) and ageing may be more rapid18.

A 2D Quantum Walk Simulation of Two-Particle Dynamics

Abstract: Multidimensional quantum walks can exhibit highly nontrivial topological structure, providing a powerful tool for simulating quantum information and transport systems. We present a flexible implementation of a two-dimensional (2D) optical quantum walk on a lattice, demonstrating a scalable quantum walk on a nontrivial graph structure. We realized a coherent quantum walk over 12 steps and 169 positions by using an optical fiber network. With our broad spectrum of quantum coins, we were able to simulate the creation of entanglement in bipartite systems with conditioned interactions. Introducing dynamic control allowed for the investigation of effects such as strong nonlinearities or two-particle scattering. Our results illustrate the potential of quantum walks as a route for simulating and understanding complex quantum systems.