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Institution

Mahidol University

EducationBangkok, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
About: Mahidol University is a education organization based out in Bangkok, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Malaria. The organization has 23758 authors who have published 39761 publications receiving 878781 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the UV luminosity functions (LFs) at 4, 5, 6, and 7$ on the 100 deg$^2$ sky of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) strategic program (SSP).
Abstract: We study the UV luminosity functions (LFs) at $z\\sim 4$, $5$, $6,$ and $7$ based on the deep large-area optical images taken by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru strategic program (SSP). On the 100 deg$^2$ sky of the HSC SSP data available to date, we make enormous samples consisting of a total of 579,565 dropout candidates at $z\\sim 4-7$ by the standard color selection technique, 358 out of which are spectroscopically confirmed by our follow-up spectroscopy and other studies. We obtain UV LFs at $z \\sim 4-7$ that span a very wide UV luminosity range of $\\sim 0.002 - 100 \\, L_{\\rm UV}^\\ast$ ($-26 2 \\sigma$ significance, and require either double power-law functions or modified Schechter functions that consider a magnification bias due to gravitational lensing.

198 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Almost all patients who experienced treatment failure with their first antiretroviral regimen, a fixed-dose combination of stavudine, lamivUDine, and nevirapine, have lamivudine and nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor resistance.
Abstract: A fixed-dose combination of stavudine lamivudine and nevirapine is extensively used as an antiretroviral regimen in developing countries because of its affordability. Virological failure with this regimen has become more common and a second-line regimen needs to be prepared in the national program. Genotypic resistance testing was conducted among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients who experienced treatment failure with their first antiretroviral regimen (a fixed-dose combination of stavudine lamivudine and nevirapine) during 2003-2005. Patterns of resistance mutations and options for a second-line regimen were studied. We studied 98 patients (mean age 35.2 years) of whom 63% were male. The median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 20 months. The median HIV-1 RNA load at the time of virological failure detection was 4.1 log copies/mL. The prevalences of patients with >/= 1 major mutation conferring drug resistance to nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitorsand nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors were 95% and 92% respectively. M184V was the most common nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutation (observed in 89% of patients). Thymidine analogue mutations K65R and Q151M were observed in 37% 6% and 8% of patients respectively. Patients with an HIV-1 RNA load of >14 log copies/mL at the time of treatment failure had higher prevalence of thymidine analogue mutations (P = .041) K65R (P = .031) and Q151M (P = .008) mutations. The second-line regimen was determined in a resource-limited setting where tenofovir and enfuvirtide are not available; the options were limited for 48% of patients. After experiencing treatment failure with a fixed-dose combination of stavudine lamivudine and nevirapine almost all patients have lamivudine and nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor resistance. The options for a second-line regimen are limited for one-half of these patients. In resource-limited settings where availability of antiretroviral agents is limited strategies for prevention of HIV-1 resistance are crucial. Early detection of virological failure may provide more options and better treatment outcomes. (authors)

198 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Containment of artemisinin-resistant malaria can be achieved by elimination of malaria from western Cambodia using ACT, and the "last man standing" is the most resistant and thus this strategy must be sustained until elimination is truly achieved.
Abstract: Background Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) is now the recommended first-line treatment for falciparum malaria throughout the world. Initiatives to eliminate malaria are critically dependent on its efficacy. There is recent worrying evidence that artemisinin resistance has arisen on the Thai-Cambodian border. Urgent containment interventions are planned and about to be executed. Mathematical modeling approaches to intervention design are now integrated into the field of malaria epidemiology and control. The use of such an approach to investigate the likely effectiveness of different containment measures with the ultimate aim of eliminating artemisinin-resistant malaria is described.

198 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This improved MLST scheme for Staphylococcus epidermidis gave 31 sequence types and 5 clonal complexes, whereas the other schemes delineate 16 to 24 STs and 1 to 3 CCs.
Abstract: We evaluated three multilocus sequence typing (MLST) schemes for Staphylococcus epidermidis and selected the seven most discriminatory loci for the formation of a new, more powerful MLST scheme. This improved scheme gave 31 sequence types (STs) and 5 clonal complexes (CCs), whereas the other schemes delineate 16 to 24 STs and 1 to 3 CCs.

198 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The daily intake of all elements from these herbal tea infusions (three cups/day) is still within the average daily intake, and may not produce any health risks for human consumption, if other sources of toxic metal contaminated food are not taken at the same time.
Abstract: Nineteen elements, Mg, Al, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Sb, Ba, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb, were determined in three types of popular herbal tea products, Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Camellia sinensis, and Morus alba. These herbal tea products, both imported and locally made products, are widely consumed in Thailand and worldwide. Microwave-assisted acid digestion was used for all of the samples, and the element contents were determined by ICP-MS. The concentrations of all elements varied among these herbal teas. Ca and Mg were the most abundant elements in all herbal samples (1384-34070 and 783-7739 mg/kg, respectively). Most elements in these herbal tea powders were also released into the infusions at different percentages depending on types of herbs. G. pentaphyllum infusion contained essential elements (Mg, Ca, V, and Fe) at higher levels than C. sinensis and M.alba infusions. Al and Ni were present at high levels in C. sinensis infusion, and Cd level was high in M. alba infusion. The daily intake of all elements from these herbal tea infusions (three cups/day) is still within the average daily intake. Therefore, it may not produce any health risks for human consumption, if other sources of toxic metal contaminated food are not taken at the same time.

198 citations


Authors

Showing all 23819 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Nicholas J. White1611352104539
Pete Smith1562464138819
Randal J. Kaufman14049179527
Kevin Marsh12856755356
Barry M. Trost124163579501
John R. Perfect11957352325
Jon Clardy11698356617
François Nosten11477750823
Paul Turner114109961390
Paul Kubes10939341022
Ian M. Adcock10766042380
Peter H. Verburg10746434254
Guozhong Cao10469441625
Carol L. Shields102142446800
Nicholas P. J. Day10270850588
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202329
2022187
20213,386
20203,028
20192,630
20182,531