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Institution

Mahidol University

EducationBangkok, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
About: Mahidol University is a education organization based out in Bangkok, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Malaria. The organization has 23758 authors who have published 39761 publications receiving 878781 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the antimicrobial properties of Thai medicinal plants against pus-forming bacteria and found that Garcinia mangostana extract had the greatest antimicrobial effect. But the results from the disc diffusion method showed that 13 medicinal plants could inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

276 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It appears that the anaplerotic enzyme pyruvate carboxylase participates directly or indirectly in several metabolic pathways which are important for glucose-induced insulin secretion, including: the pyruVate/malate cycle, the py Kruvate/citrate cycle and glutamate-dehydrogenase-catalysed α-ketoglutarate production.
Abstract: Pancreatic beta cells are specialised endocrine cells that continuously sense the levels of blood sugar and other fuels and, in response, secrete insulin to maintain normal fuel homeostasis. During postprandial periods an elevated level of plasma glucose rapidly stimulates insulin secretion to decrease hepatic glucose output and promote glucose uptake into other tissues, principally muscle and adipose tissues. Beta cell mitochondria play a key role in this process, not only by providing energy in the form of ATP to support insulin secretion, but also by synthesising metabolites (anaplerosis) that can act, both intra- and extramitochondrially, as factors that couple glucose sensing to insulin granule exocytosis. ATP on its own, and possibly modulated by these coupling factors, triggers closure of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, resulting in membrane depolarisation that increases intracellular calcium to cause insulin secretion. The metabolic imbalance caused by chronic hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia severely affects mitochondrial metabolism, leading to the development of impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. It appears that the anaplerotic enzyme pyruvate carboxylase participates directly or indirectly in several metabolic pathways which are important for glucose-induced insulin secretion, including: the pyruvate/malate cycle, the pyruvate/citrate cycle, the pyruvate/isocitrate cycle and glutamate-dehydrogenase-catalysed α-ketoglutarate production. These four pathways enable ‘shuttling’ or ‘recycling’ of these intermediate(s) into and out of mitochondrion, allowing continuous production of intracellular messenger(s). The purpose of this review is to present an account of recent progress in this area of central importance in the realm of diabetes and obesity research.

272 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These isolates are highly resistant to major antimicrobial agents, which could limit the therapeutic options in the clinical practice and significantly increases the likelihood of pneumonia-related mortality.
Abstract: Rationale: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remain important causes of morbidity and mortality. Increasing antimicrobial resistance has aroused the concern of the failure of antibiotic treatment.Objectives: To determine the distribution of the bacterial isolates of HAP and VAP, their antimicrobial resistance patterns, and impact of discordant antibiotic therapy on clinical outcome in Asian countriesMethods: A prospective surveillance study was conducted in 73 hospitals in 10 Asian countries from 2008–2009. A total of 2,554 cases with HAP or VAP in adults were enrolled and 2,445 bacterial isolates were collected from 1,897 cases. Clinical characteristics and antimicrobial resistance profiles were analyzed.Measurement and Main Results: Major bacterial isolates from HAP and VAP cases in Asian countries were Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Imipenem resistance rates of Acinetobacter and P. aeruginosa were 6...

272 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results from 4′,6′-diamidine-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) nuclear staining, poly-ADP ribose polymerase cleavage, staining of infected cells for phosphatidylserine exposure with annexin V, and electrophoresis of the DNA extracted from these infected cells showed that B. pseudomallei could kill the host cells by inducing apoptosis in both phagocytic and nonph
Abstract: Burkholderia pseudomallei, a facultative intracellular bacterium, is the causative agent of a broad spectrum of diseases collectively known as melioidosis. Its ability to survive inside phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and to induce multinucleated giant cell (MNGC) formation has been demonstrated. This study was designed to assess a possible mechanism(s) leading to this cellular change, using virulent and nonvirulent strains of B. pseudomallei to infect both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cell lines. We demonstrated that when the cells were labeled with two different cell markers (CMFDA or CMTMR), mixed, and then infected with B. pseudomallei, direct cell-to-cell fusion could be observed, leading to MNGC formation. Staining of the infected cells with rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin indicated that immediately after the infection, actin rearrangement into a comet tail appearance occurred, similar to that described earlier for other bacteria. The latter rearrangement led to the formation of bacterium-containing, actin-associated membrane protrusions which could lead to a direct cell-to-cell spreading of B. pseudomallei in the infected hosts. Results from 4', 6'-diamidine-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) nuclear staining, poly-ADP ribose polymerase cleavage, staining of infected cells for phosphatidylserine exposure with annexin V, and electrophoresis of the DNA extracted from these infected cells showed that B. pseudomallei could kill the host cells by inducing apoptosis in both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells.

270 citations


Authors

Showing all 23819 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Nicholas J. White1611352104539
Pete Smith1562464138819
Randal J. Kaufman14049179527
Kevin Marsh12856755356
Barry M. Trost124163579501
John R. Perfect11957352325
Jon Clardy11698356617
François Nosten11477750823
Paul Turner114109961390
Paul Kubes10939341022
Ian M. Adcock10766042380
Peter H. Verburg10746434254
Guozhong Cao10469441625
Carol L. Shields102142446800
Nicholas P. J. Day10270850588
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202329
2022187
20213,386
20203,028
20192,630
20182,531